...linked the problem of factions with property.63 In "Federalist No. 10," for example, Madison stated that "the most common and durable source of factions has...the various and unequal distribution of property." 64 Political virtue could not be relied upon, Madison argued. "It is vain to say that enlightened statement...

...perhaps dating back to an ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. James Madison also noted in 1787 that "the most common and durable source of factions has...the various and unequal distribution of property." Social polarization arising from struggles over the income distribution in turn can be a major impediment...

...diversity. The pursuit of happiness, the engine of economic life, was a significant source of factions, [T]he most common and durable source of factions has been the various and unequal distribution of properly. Those who hold and those who are without property have ever formed distinct interests in...

...have been sufficient to kindle their unfriendly passions, and excite their most violent conflicts. for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress,...twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble, mooted interest, with many lesser interests, grow up of necessity in civilized nations, and divide...

...diversity, he thought inequality in the possession of economic resources was at the heart of the problem: But the most common and durable source of factions...are creditors and those who are debtors fall under like discrimination. A landed interest, a manufacturing interest, a mercantile interest, a monied interest,...

...whether his fear of the majority is, because the rights of the propertied elite must be protected. "The most common and durable source of factions, has...property, have ever formed distinct interests in society" (ibid. p. 52). The Federalists were also suspicious of the people's ability to choose wisely or, as...

...thus a major element in defining the power structure of a society; and, as Madison well understood, "[T]he most common and durable source of factions...the various and unequal distribution of property" (Federalist 10, par. 7). "The regulation of these various and interfering interests," Madison reasons,...

...prove his point Beard relied heavily upon certain passages in The Tenth Federalist such as: -118But the most common and durable source of factions has...the various and unequal distribution of property." and "A rage for paper money, for an abolition of debts, for an equal division of property, or for any...

...redistributionist impulses. James Madison in the Federalist 1o (1787) warned against class war — "the most common and durable source of factions, has...the various and unequal distribution of property." Factions were based on economic class: "A landed interest, a manufacturing interest, a mercantile interest,...

...Madison in Federalist no. 10, enumerating the consequences of ambition and acquisitiveness—"Those who hold and those who are without property have ever formed distinct interests in society"—have the air of professors (Hamilton the flashy showboat, Madison the careful lecturer)...