...overpowered, awed or influenced by its co-ordinate branches; and that as nothing can contribute so much to its firmness and independence, as permanency...is peculiarly essential in a limited constitution. Limitations can be preserved in practice no other way, than through the medium of the Courts of Justice...

...himself in a debate concerning the structure of Federal courts. Some years ago a New York banker wrote, "The complete independence of the courts of justice...is peculiarly essential in a limited Constitution ... If, then, the courts of justice are to be considered as the bulwarks of a limited Constitution...

...himself in a debate concerning the structure of Federal courts. Some years ago a New York banker wrote, "The complete independence of the courts of justice...is peculiarly essential in a limited Constitution ... If, then, the courts of justice are to be considered as the bulwarks of a limited Constitution...

...overpowered, awed, or influenced Ъу Us co-ordinate branches; and that as nothing can contribute so much to its firmness and independence as permanency...citadel of the public justice and the public security." (emphasis added) " How surprised Hamilton might be today were he to see the frequent use of sweeping...

...The Federalist, No. 78, at 523-4 and 531, No. 79 generally, No. i>2. As— "Nothing can contribute so much to its firmness and independence, as permanency...be justly regarded as an indispensable ingredient . . . and in a great measure as the citadel of th» public justice and the public security." No. 78...

...The Federalist, No. 78, at 523^ and 531, No. 79 generally, No. 82. As— "Nothing can contribute so much to its firmness and independence, as permanency...be justly regarded as an indispensable ingredient . . . and in a great measure as the citadel of the public justice and the public security." No. 78...

...Notwithstanding such frustration, we should be mindful of Alexander Hamilton's admonition almost 200 years ago: "The complete independence of the courts of justice...is peculiarly essential in a limited Constitution .... "If, then, the courts of justice are to be considered as the bulwarks of a limited constitution...

...Number 78 which has always been taken as proof that he fully embraced horizontal constitutional review: The complete independence of the courts of justice is peculiarly essential in • limited Constitution. By a limited Constitution, I understand one which contains certain specified...

...legislative and executive powers."" Id., quoting Montesquieu's Spirit of Laws. Thus, he concluded: "The complete independence of the courts of justice...is peculiarly essential in a limited Constitution." Id. It was in recognition of the inherent weakness of the judiciary, particularly as contrasted with...

...authority. Federalist Number 78 formed the conceptual heart of Hamilton's attitude toward the judiciary: "The complete independence of the courts of justice is peculiarly essential in a limited constitution."46 Arguing for judicial review of legislation's constitutionality, he denied that such...