...amounting to a majority or a minority of the whole, who are united and actuated by some common impulse or passion, or of interest, adverse to the rights of...permanent and aggregate interests of the community." Today we might call such a faction a clique, or a bloc, or any organized portion of the public. Such...

...Madison referred to as "factions." He defined faction as some number of citizens "whether amounting to a majority or minority of the whole, who are united...or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community."37 Any political system that gives voice to people's natural disagreements will produce...

...special interest groups), which he defined as "a number of citizens, whether amounting to a majority or a minority of the whole, who are united and actuated...permanent and aggregate interests of the community." The latent causes of faction, Madison wrote in Federalist no. 10, are sown in the nature of man. There...

...greatest danger to liberty is "faction ... a number of citizens, whether amounting to a majority or a minority of the whole, who are united and actuated...or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community."24 Despite this fear of faction, the framers of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights...

...wrote, must "break and control the violence of faction," with a "faction" defined as a group of citizens "actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of...or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community."4 Americans continued to worry in the decades after 1830 about internal tensions provoked,...

...greatest danger to liberty is "faction ... a number of citizens, whether amounting to a majority or a minority of the whole, who are united and actuated...of passion, or of interest, adverse to the rights 172 of other citi/ens, or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community."24 Despite this...

..."mischief's of factions," that is the danger posed where "a number of citizens . . . are united ... by some common impulse of passion, or of interest,...the rights of other citizens, or to the permanent aggregate interests of the community."281 NGOs present similar dangers, Leo realized. "They play a...

...break and control the violence of faction ... By a faction, I understand a number of citizens . . . of interest adverse to the rights of other citizens,...permanent and aggregate interests of the community . . . Liberty is to faction what air is to fire, an ailment without which it instantly expires. But...

...the Madisonian world has gone "topsy turvy" as factions, defined as groups "activated by some common interest adverse to the rights of other citizens or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community,"4 have been transformed into sectors of public policy. "Indeed," says Wildavsky, "government...

...amounting to a majority or minority of the whole, who are united and activated by some common impulse, or interest, adverse to the rights of other citizens, or to the permanent and aggregate interest of the community." Madison rejected the remedies of controlling the power of organized groups...