the sheriff of each county, or his deputy, shall deliver all such certificates by him received, into the secretary's office, at least thirty days before the first Wednesday in June.

And that there may be a due meeting of senators on the first Wednesday in June annually, the governor, and the majority of the council for the time being, shall, as soon as may be, examine the returned copies of such records, and, fourteen days before the said first Wednesday in June, he shall issue his summons to such persons as appear to be chosen senators by a majority of votes, to attend and take their seats on that day.

Provided, nevertheless, That for the first year, the said returned copies shall be examined by the president and a majority of the council then in office: And the said president shall, in like manner, notify the persons elected, to attend and take their seats accordingly.

And in case there shall not appear to be a senator elected by a majority of votes, for any district, the deficiency shall be supplied in the following manner, viz. The members of the house of representatives, and such senators as shall be declared elected, shall take the names of the two persons having the highest number of votes in the district, and out of them shall elect by joint ballot the senator wanted for such district; and in this manner all such vacancies shall be filled up in every district of the state; and in like manner all vacancies in the senate, arising by death, removal out of the state, or otherwise, shall be supplied as soon as may be after such vacancies happen.

The senate shall be final judges of the elections, returns, and qualifications of their own members, as pointed out in this constitution.

The senate shall have power to adjourn themselves, provided such adjournment do not exceed two days at a time.

Provided, nevertheless, That whenever they shall sit on the trial of any impeachment, they may adjourn to such time and place as they may think proper, although the legislature be not assembled on such day or at such place.

The senate shall appoint their president and other officers, and determine their own rules of proceedings: and not less than seven members of this senate shall make a quorum for doing business: and when less than eight senators shall be present, the assent of five at least shall be necessary to render their acts and proceedings valid.

The senate shall be a court, with full power and authority to hear, try, and determine, all impeachments made by the house of representatives against any officer or officers of the state, for bribery, corruption, malepractice, or maladministration, in office; with full power to issue summons, or compulsory process, for convening witnesses before them, with all

necessary powers incident to a court of trials; but, previous to the trial of any such impeachment, the members of the senate shall be respectively sworn truly and impartially to try and determine the charge in question, according to evidence. And every officer, impeached for bribery, corruption, malpractice, or maladministration in office, shall be served with an attested copy of the impeachment, and order of the senate thereon, with such citation as the senate may direct, setting forth the time and place of their sitting to try the impeachment; which service shall be made by the sheriff, or such other sworn officer as the senate may appoint, at least fourteen days previous to the time of trial; and such citation being duly served and returned, the senate may proceed in hearing of the impeachment, giving the person impeached, if he shall appear, full liberty of producing witnesses and proofs, and of making his defence, by himself and counsel; and may also, upon his refusing or neglecting to appear, hear the proofs in support of the impeachment, and render judgment thereon, his nonappearance notwithstanding; and such judgment shall have the same force and effect as if the person impeached had appeared and pleaded in the trial. Their judgment, however, shall not extend further than removal from office, disqualification to hold or enjoy any place of honour, trust, or profit, under this state; but the party so convicted shall nevertheless be liable to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment, according to the laws of the land.

Whenever the governor shall be impeached, the chief justice of the supreme judicial court shall, during the trial, preside in the senate, but have no vote therein.

House of Representatives.

There shall be, in the legislature of this state, a representation of the people, annually elected, and founded upon principles of equality; and in order that such representation may be as equal as circumstances will admit, every town, parish, or place, entitled to town privileges, having one hundred and fifty ratable male polls, of twenty-one years of age, and upwards, may elect one representative: if four hundred and fifty ratable male polls, may elect two representatives; and so proceeding, in that proportion, make three hundred such ratable polls, the mean of increasing number, for every additional representative.

Such towns, parishes, or places, as have less than one hundred and fifty ratable polls, shall be classed by the general assembly, for the purpose of choosing a representative, and seasonably notified thereof. And in every class formed for the above mentioned purpose, the first annual meeting shall be held in the town, parish, or place, wherein most of the ratable polls reside; and afterwards in that which has the next

highest number; and so on, annually, by rotation, through the several towns, parishes, or places, forming the district.

Whenever any town, parish, or place, entitled to town privileges as aforesaid, shall not have one hundred and fifty ratable polls, and be so situated as to render the classing thereof with any other town, parish, or place very inconvenient; the general assembly may, upon application of a majority of the voters of such town, parish, or place, issue a writ for their selecting and sending a representative to the general court.

The members of the house of representatives shall be chosen annually, in the month of March, and shall be the second branch of the legislature.

All persons qualified to vote in the election of senators shall be entitled to vote within the district where they dwell, in the choice of representatives. Every member of the house of representatives shall be chosen by ballot; and for two years at least next preceding his election, shall have been an inhabitant of this state; shall have an estate within the district which he may be chosen to represent, of the value of one hundred pounds, one half of which to be a freehold, whereof he is seized in his own right; shall be, at the time of his election, an inhabitant of the district he may be chosen to represent, and shall cease to represent such district immediately on his ceasing to be qualified as aforesaid.

The members of both houses of the legislature shall be compensated for their services out of the treasury of the state, by a law made for that purpose; such members attending seasonably, and not departing without license. All intermediate vacancies, in the house of representatives, may be filled up from time to time, in the same manner as annual elections are made.

The house of representatives shall be the grand inquest of the state; and all impeachments made by them shall be heard and tried by the senate.

All money-bills shall originate in the house of representatives; but the senate may propose or concur with amendments, as on other bills.

The house of representatives shall have the power to adjourn themselves, but no longer than two days at a time.

A majority of the members of the house of representatives shall be a quorum for doing business: but when less than twothirds of the house of representatives elected shall be present, the assent of two-thirds of those members shall be necessary to render their acts and proceedings valid.

No member of the house of representatives or senate shall be arrested or held to bail, on mesne process, during his going to, return from, or attendance upon the court.

The house of representatives shall choose their own speaker,

appoint their own officers, and settle the rules of proceedings in their own house; and shall be judge of the return, elections, and qualifications of its members, as pointed out in this constitution. They shall have authority to punish, by imprisonment, every person who shall be guilty of disrespect to the house in its presence, by any diso derly and contemptuous behaviour, or by threatening or ill treating any of its members; or by obstructing its deliberations; every person guilty of a breach of its privileges, in making arrests for debt, or by assaulting any member during his attendance at any session; in assaulting or disturbing any one of its officers in the execution of any order or procedure of the house; in assaulting any witness or other person ordered to attend by, and during his attendance on, the house, or in rescuing any person arrested by order of the house, knowing them to be such. The senate, governor, and council, shall have the same powers in like cases: provided that no imprisonment by either for any offence exceed ten days.

The journals of the proceedings, and all the public acts of both houses of the legislature, shall be printed and published immediately after every adjournment or prorogation; and upon motion made by any one member, the yeas and nays upon any question shall be entered in the journals: and any member of the senate or house of representatives shall have a right, on motion made at the time for that purpose, to have his protest or dissent, with the reasons, against any vote, resolve, or billed passed, entered on the journals.

EXECUTIVE POWER.

Governor.

The governor shall be chosen annually, in the month of March; and the votes for governor shall be received, counted, certified, and returned in the same manner as the votes for senators; and the secretary shall lay the same before the senate and house of representatives on the first Wednesday in June, to be by them examined; and in case of an election by a majority of votes through the state, the choice shall be by them declared and published.

And the qualifications of electors of the governor shall be the same as those for senators; and if no person shall have a majority of votes, the senate and house of representatives shall, by joint ballot, elect one of the two persons having the highest number of votes, who shall be declared governor.

And no person shall be eligible to this office unless, at the time of his election, he shall have been an inhabitant of this state for seven years next preceding, and unless he shall be of the age of thirty years, and unless he shall, at the same time, have an estate of the value of five hundred pounds, one

balf of which shall consist of a freehold, in his own right, within this state.

In cases of disagreement between the two houses, with regard to the time or place of adjournment or prorogation, the governor, with advice of council, shall have a right to adjourn or prorogue the general court, not exceeding ninety days at any one time, as he may determine the public good may require, to meet at the place where the general court shall be at that time sitting; and he shall dissolve the same seven days before the said first Wednesday in June.

And, in case of any infectious distemper prevailing in the place where the said court at any time is to convene, or any other cause whereby dangers may arise to the health or lives of the members from their attendance, the governor may direct the session to be holden at some other, the most convenient place within the state.

Every bill which shall have passed both houses of the general court shall, before it become a law, be presented to the governor; if he approve, he shall sign it, but if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to that house in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it; if, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with such objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house, shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both houses shall be be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for or against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the governor within five days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the legislature by their adjournment prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law.

Every resolve shall be presented to the governor, and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by the senate and house of representatives, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case of a bill.

All judicial officers, the attorney-general, solicitors, all sheriffs, coroners, registers of probate, and all officers of the navy, and general and field officers of the militia, shall be nominated and appointed by the governor and council; and every such nomination shall be made at least three days prior to such appointment; and no appointment shall take place, unless a majority of the council agree thereto. The governor and council shall have a negative on each other, both in the nominations and appointments. Every nomination and appointment shall be signed by the governor and council, and every