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out the most sensible emotions, sorrows that draw tears from my very heart whilst I am reciting it." On her private ways, and punctual habits of life, Evelyn delights to dwell. He mentions among other things that she was used to have a packthread tied to her wrist in bed, passing through the keyhole, with an order that it should be pulled at an early hour in the morning, lest she should oversleep herself:

at meals she seldom eat of more than two dishes, seldom would have any sauces, and commonly chose the driest and leanest morsells. In short, she employed herself in cutting out and making waistcoats, and coats, and other coverings for poor people; she would read to her maid while dressing; what she won at cards she reserved for the poor. She never stirred abroad without some good book about her-yet she was a very harmless and diverting creature, with much drollery about her. Evelyn once heard her pronounce a sermon in French which she had heard preached by a friar in Paris, upon the profession of a nun, at which she was present, that really surprised him. "Those who have observed the fantastical motions of these zealots in the pulpit, would have seen in this lady's preachment, in voice, tone, and action, the prettiest and most innocent mimick in the world." Charitable she was, even beyond any proportion to her revenue; yet when Evelyn called it profusion, "she would smile and bid him take care." The following is an entry from her diary." June 2d. I will never play this half year but at 3 penny ombre, and then with one at halves. I will not-I do not vow, but I will not do it. What, lose money at cards, yet not give to the poor! Tis robbing God, mispending time, and misapplying my talent. It were great sin! Three pounds would have kept three people from starving a month. Well! I will not play." Here is a blessed creature!

She was buried on the 16th September, 1678, in the church of Breague, in the parish of Godolphin, in Cornwall, of which that family have been lords, and of illustrious name both before and since the Conquest. On the copper plate on her coffin the following epitaph was engraved :

:

IN MARGARETAM EPITAPHIUM.

Here lies a pearl-none such the ocean yields
In all the treasures of his liquid fields;
But such as that wise merchant wisely sought,
Who the bright gem with all his substance
bought.

Such to Jerusalem alone translates

Our God, t' adorn the entrance of her gates.
The Spouse with such embroidery does come,
To meet her nuptials-the celestial Groom.

So ends this simple interesting story-so departed from earth this sweet saint, carrying with her into the purity of Heaven her white robe, as little soiled with the stains of mortality as is consistent with the frailty of the nature of which she partook. Raphael never painted a cartoon more full of divine love and meekness of spirit than hers; and we are sure this work of Evelyn's will be read with delight and improvement by many who never even heard, or have heard with a wish of knowing his other numerous works. We do not know who wrote the notes; but, whoever he is, we advise him in the next edition to find a phrase somewhat better, when speaking of Lord Lansdowne, than "that he is well known from his poetical talents." P. 251.

Lectures by John Foster, delivered at
Broadmead Chapel, Bristol. 2nd
Series.

THESE lectures are published by the editor from the original manuscripts, left unfinished by the author, the last lecture alone, on "Access to God," having had the advantage of being revised for the press by Mr. Foster himself, for the use of the Religious Tract Society. These lectures partake throughout, though under the great disadvantage of wanting the author's own revision, of the general merits of Mr. Foster's compositions,clear, logical, and well-connected reasoning; familiar and apt illustration plain, forcible statement of fact and doctrine; earnestness in exhortation, and language pure, precise, and appropriate to the subject. Though in splendour of composition and elegance of illustration they may not be equal to some of his former works, yet they show that they are modelled from the same mould, and partake of the same excellencies. We wish to refer our readers particularly to Discourse XIX.,

"The Consideration of Death," in which a very curious phenomenon in the constitution of our nature is clearly shown and ably discussed. We beg also to point out Lecture xxvI., "Sin Manifested by the Law," a discourse so important in its subject, and so convincing in its argument, as to demand the highest praise. But in this way we could only continue to read and praise, and therefore we must mention some particular subject, which appears to have attracted in a peculiar manner the attention of the preacher, and on which his knowledge of human nature, as well no doubt as striking examples before him, made him enlarge with just and forcible eloquence, we mean on the great, prevailing, and dominant spirit of covetousness. Read what is said in the Lecture XXVII., on "Robbery of God," p. 352, from which we will take a sentence or two, with the hope that they may effect, though transferred to our weaker pages, the purpose for which they were intended, of opening the infatuated eyes of this miserable and deluded class of men. He is speaking of the duty of promoting God's cause in the world:

"We hardly need specify a quite opu. lent man continually augments his wealth; but, though a professed Christian, regarding the slenderest outgoings in the cause of God as enough. One has come in the way of knowing here and there divers such individuals, members of Christian churches, punctual in attendance on ordinances, very regular in their conduct, free from the ordinary and external vices; but, while perfectly well known to be vastly rich, not less notorious for niggardly parsimony in their contributions to the cause of God; plainly, robbers of God."

Now, regarding the conduct of such men as these, let us listen with attention and respect to the solemn words of the preacher :

"Now I cannot pretend to know much of the right formation and discipline of churches; but it does always appear to me that there must be something very unsound in the constitution of a church that retains such a member. They (i.e. the churches) are expected to exercise discipline in various things very censurable, but not of the worst kind; great impru dences; temporary lapses under sudden

provocation or temptation; injurious actions of a minor degree: but here is a great flagrant idolator in their communion, who might just as well go on his knees and literally worship his gold and silver, if put in the form of an image. His objection to have it in that form would be, that it would pay no interest; yet he would affect to admire Shadrach, Meschech, and Abednego; and it would be thought a fanatical excess to rise up and assert that he is no fit member," &c.

In the excellent discourse that follows this, the xxvшth, the same subject is again treated with the same admirable force of language and severity of indignation; as ex. gr.

"But there is at the very same time among us, and concurring in this very proceeding, a man of good property, perhaps, who is evidently and unquestionably actuated by an intense love of money. He is known by his neighbours to be both

parsimonious and avaricious: and of his parsimony at least, we, as a religious society, have too sensible a proof; but he professes himself a disciple of Christ, has given a very rational and apparently sincere account of how he was brought to be such. In his religious opinions he is true to the Evangelical standard; he is punctual and serious in all our religious services, public and private; quite regular, decorous, and correct in the tenor of his conduct; no scandals, no frivolities, nor transgressions of the bare rules of legal justice in his dealings; but then there is this one habitual pervading vice of covetousness. Does not this constitute a much greater amount of what is contrary to Christianity than many an act of misconduct for which we would exclude a person from our communion? But we do not know how to take formal cognizance of it, or to shape the charge against him. And so, between this difficulty and the judgment of charity, we are constrained to keep silence, and to treat him as an humble member of our Christian society. Cases, more or less answering to this description, are far enough from being uncommon in the experience of churches and ministers; but, whatever difficulty they may involve, let not at any rate the teachers of religion be deterred, in their public ministrations, from dealing against this vice most explicitly, and not unfrequently. Let them not be afraid to read for their text, Covetousness, which is idolatry;' or this good text of ours, The love of money is the root of all evil.'"'

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The preacher refers a third time to

this subject in his xxxrd Sermon, showing plainly his sense of the enormity and prevalence of the sin, and the difficulty of breaking into the strong holds of the corrupted heart, where it has taken up its unsanctified abode :

"A man cannot effectually and really serve God and Mammon, but some men do earnestly try to continue these two services. The particular import of that word mammon suggests one of these in

consistent combinations. There are men

intent on wealth, covetous men, who yet endeavour to keep on some terms with God and religion. It is true that when this passion is thoroughly established it is perhaps the most victorious of all against any competition of religion; still there are persons who wish to keep these two in some kind of junction. Their love of money predominates; but it would seem as if they would consecrate this vice by some sort of adherence to the service of God. They cannot be willing to perish for their sin, therefore they are punctual attendants on religious ordinances. They profess, and fancy they feel, a concern for the cause of God; are admirers of gospel doctrines; can talk the whole range of evangelical language; and exhibit much decency and regularity of conduct. And where then in all this is the disturbance and clashing of the double-mindedness? You will soon see; that comes when the cause of God, the aid of religion, the claim of charity, demands or solicits some surrender of the beloved substance; then begin the internal conflict, the opposite pleadings, the painful balancing, the distress at the thought of parting; then begin the excuses of conscience, and the anger at conscience itself if it will not

admit them; then begin the evasions, the casting all things on the all-sufering of Providence, and all the contrivances of a disturbed mind to soothe itself," &c.

Such is the direct, forcible, and impressive manner in which the preacher drives his arguments home into the hearts of his hearers: if they can resist this influence, we know nothing that human power can do to awaken, to alarm, and to reform; it must be left in other hands. In the meanwhile we bear most willing testimony to the general merit of this volume, and we avow our highest respect for the character and talents of the author.

Sermons delivered in the Parish Church of St. Mary, Lambeth. By George D'Oyly, D.D. 2 vols.

THESE volumes are edited by Doctor D'Oyly's widow, and dedicated by her to the congregation of the church where they were delivered. A few of the sermons were sent to press a short time before the death of the author, though they were not written for publication: a memoir of Dr. D'Oyly is also prefixed, written by his son; but this we need not dwell upon, as our obituary contained a brief but accurate memoir soon after his death (in our number for March 1846). Mr. D'Oyly's first publication was a letter to Mr. Percival on his bill with reference to the emoluments of

stipendiary curates. His object was to extend its obligations to lay as well as clerical rectories, an excellent suggestion; but the minister gave reasons for not interfering with lay rectors; and in truth, what was sound and good in reason and truth, might in law be not considered otherwise than infringement on the rights of property, and to alter a law according to the alteration in the value of money, if attempted in one instance, would necessarily extend to many others, and be found impossible to carry into effect.

In November 1811 he was elected Christian Advocate of the University, an office which he held for the usual period of five years. In this capacity he attacked the "Edipus Judaicus" of Sir W. Drummond, (a very able and learned, though not judicious writer) in two publications, the one called "Letters to Sir W. Drummond," the other "Remarks on the Edipus Judaicus." These are reviewed and praised in the Quarterly Review for July 1813. He also became a regular writer in the Quarterly Review; of his articles, two are more eminently pointed out,-that on "Bellamy's Translation of the Bible," and on Mr. Lawrence's Lectures.

His next work was the one he executed jointly with Dr. Mant, the edition of the Bible. The sermons in the present volume are such as we might expect from a writer of Dr. D'Oyly's reputation: without any pretensions to great scholastic or scriptural learning, or subtle trains

54 REVIEW.-Phillipps's Letter to the Landholders of Hereford. [July,

of reasoning, or eloquent declamation, they are to be commended for their clear and lucid exposition of doctrine, for their forcible and appropriate illustration, and for their earnest and affectionate address to the feelings of his auditors. They may be read with great pleasure and improvement; that on the Athanasian Creed, (vol. ii. p. 153,) if sincerely attended to, may remove much scruple, and prejudice, and mistake in the minds of those not deeply versed in theological knowledge; but they are chiefly to be recommended for their practical character, and might be advantageously used as domestic sermons, or adapted by young clergymen for their own use, under those modifications which are required by the peculiar wants and character of each particular place and congregation of people.

A Letter to the Landholders of the Diocese of Hereford, on the prospect of a further appeal for the restoration of the Cathedral Church. By Robert Biddulph Phillipps, of Longworth, Esq.

AN energetic appeal in favour of the completion of the restorations still required by the cathedral of Hereford. The grand works which have been already accomplished comprise the entire reconstruction of the piers of the great tower and the restoration of the Lady Chapel the first had suffered from the injudicious additions of an architect, much vaunted in his day; the second, from the effects of long-continued neglect. The writer of the present letter, with a warmth of enthusiasm honourable to his feelings, calls attention to these new works, to awaken into life a feeling of regard for the cathedral of the diocese, which unhappily seems to be regarded with apathy by those whose wealth and influence ought to have been cheerfully bestowed and exerted in support of so important a structure.

The successful accomplishment of so great a feat of art as the sustaining of the central tower upon a frame of timber work whilst its piers were removed and new masonry introduced, reflects the highest credit on Mr. Cottingham, and is justly styled "a triumph of mechanical skill," in addition to which the restoration of the Lady Chapel

to its original perfection shew what has been effected, is well done. Extensive as these works may at first sight appear, they form but a small portion of the restorations needed by the cathedral. Not only is it necessary to repair the injuries effected by time, but the mischievous and unsightly works of Wyatt require to be removed, and the ancient architecture which preceded these additions faithfully restored, before the restorations can be said to be complete. Years must elapse before this can be accomplished, and it never will be done unless a warmer spirit than now exists is awakened in favour of the preservation of this venerated cathedral among the wealthy of the land. The exertions of the Dean of Hereford, Dr. Merewether, to arouse, in the words of Mr. Phillipps, "the tepid enthusiasm" of the county, have not been crowned with the success which ought to have attended them: they should have been met with somewhat of a better offering than 14,000l. when 20,000l. was required. Mr. Phillipps refers to a memorable instance occurring but the other day, and in another realm, where, amid the tumult of a distracted country, and governing only a plundered church, the exemplary Bishop of Cadiz finished his cathedral, though surrounded with privations and troubles. When the proposed appeal shall be made, we firmly believe that no diocese in England will be behind any other country, and when it is shewn that its cathedral demands aid, it will cheerfully and readily furnish the means required, the more so when it is seen that so much has already been done for so comparatively small a sum of money. There may be much truth in the remark, that in such works as this, where no hope of profit is held out, subscriptions come in but slowly, the author justly observing, "subscribing to a railway is one thing, and to a cathedral another. When subscribing to a railway, men hope to obtain some interest for their capital; but what will they be the better for subscribing to the restoration of a cathedral ?"

We trust, however, that a better feeling will be awakened, and that when the author next writes he may have to record the names of many more individuals equally deserving of

praise with those noble instances he has brought forward. The great and disinterested examples of pious liberality alluded to by the author, will not, we trust, stand alone, and that we shall in a few years witness the accomplishment of Mr. Phillipps' most sanguine expectations-even the restoration of the western front and tower, as well as the chapter house, so needlessly destroyed in a Vandal age, ignorant and careless of the valuable treasures of antiquity which it had received from better times.

History of Spanish Literature. By F. Bouterwek. Translated by Thomasina Ross. Post 8vo. pp. xiv.

450.

THE best judgment we can pass on this volume is, to express our hope that it is the precursor of others, as the work of which the original forms a part embraces the literature of the principal nations of Europe. In itself it has a claim on public attention, from being the storehouse whence Sismondi drew the materials for the Spanish department of his "Literature of the South of Europe." There is however no resemblance of style between the two writers, for Sismondi is prolix, while Bouterwek is concise and graphic. In a bibliographical respect, the German author affords considerably more information than his Genevan follower. With regard to the translation, as we have not the opportunity of comparing it with the original, we can pronounce nothing positively; although some of the passages strike us, from their construction, as being so happily rendered, that we readily extend the inference they suggest to the whole. Or if an exception be necessary, to establish a rule, then we may question an expression in a note at p. 32," whoever wishes to become acquainted with the controversies on the early literature of knight-errantry should resort to Nicolas Antonio." As resort is not, to our recollection, used in this sense, consult would have been better, unless it is necessarily adopted to render the original phrase as literally as possible. The specimens of Spanish poetry are not translated; to have attempted this

in verse would have been an arduous task, and the English taste is unfavourable to prose translations of poetry. Some additional notes are stated to be given, but they do not appear to be numerous, or else they are most undistinguished by any signature. Yet we cannot be mistaken in attributing to the translatress the remark at p. 422, that Southey has very happily imitated a fable of Yriarte's in English.* Perhaps too we may include the many literary references to subjects treated of in other parts of the volume. The introduction contains a brief memoir of Bouterwek, who died in 1828. There is a copious index; and a portrait of Cervantes embellishes the book.

The reader will doubtless be glad to read the following character from the pen of Sismondi, in chap. 1, of his "Literature of the South of Europe." "There is much more practical instruction [than in the Literary History of the Spanish Jesuit Andres] in the work of Professor Bouterwek of Gottingen, who is employed upon the History of Literature, properly so called, of Modern Europe .. As yet he has only compiled the literary history of Italy, Spain, Portugal, France, and England; but he has executed his task with an extent of erudition, and with a regard to the instruction of his readers, which seem peculiar to the German critics. I am more indebted to this than to any other critical work." Between two such competent writers it would be invidious to draw a minute distinction; we shall therefore merely say, that on comparing some of the articles in both, we do not consider Bouterwek as superseded by Sismondi, although the latter avowedly drew from him as his principal source. If Sismondi has furnished occasional additions, there is sometimes more to be learned from his predecessor.

It is the one entitled The Ass and the Flute. The subject is this: An ass, who had found a flute lying in a meadow, accidentally breathes into the lip-hole, "and, hearing the tone of the instrument, he persuades himself that Nature has qua. lified him for a musician." p. 421.

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