AGRICULTURE, &c. Proceedings of the New-York State Agricultural Society, at the first Anniversary held at Albany on the 14th and 15th Feb. 1833. Communication from JESSE BUEL, Esq. on the Culture of Indian Corn. There is no crop more beneficial to the a * loads * The soils adapted to the culture of Indian|| fall ploughing; but light lands are rather pre. corn are such as are permeable to heat, air, judiced by it. When corn is preceded by a and the roots of the plant, and embrace those tilled crop the ground should be furrowed, denominated sandy, gravelly, and loamy.and the seed deposited in the bottoms of the Corn will not succeed well on grounds that furrows. Where there is a sod, the rows are stiff, hard, or wet. The roots grow to as should be superficially marked, and the seed great a length as the stalks, and the soil must planted upon the surface. Where the field be permeable to permit their free extension. is flat, or the sub-soil retentive of moisture, American farmer than Indian corn. An eminent agriculturist, the late John Taylor, of The manures used are generally yard and the land should be laid in ridges, that the excess of water which falls may pass off in the Virginia, called it the "meal, meadow, and stable dung, and plaster of paris, (sulphate of furrows. manure," of the farm. It is convertible into lime.) The first ought to be abundant, as The time of planting must vary in different human food in more forms than any other upon the fertility which it induces depends grain; its value in fattening domestic animals the profit of the crop. Long or unfermented districts and in different seasons. The ground is not exceeded by any product of the farm; manure is to be preferred. It decomposes as should be sufficiently warmed by vernal heat Natural veand no crop returns more to the soil than this the wants of the plant require it; while its to cause a speedy germination. does in the form of manure. There are two mechanical operation, in rendering the soil getation affords the best guide. My rule has important requisites, however, to its profita-light and porous, is beneficial to the crop. It been to plant when the apple is bursting its ble cultivation. The first is, that the soil be should be equally spread over the whole sur-blossom buds, which has generally been beadapted to its growth; and the second, that face, before it is ploughed under. It then con- tween the 12th and 20th of May. the crop be well fed and well tended: for tinues to afford fresh pasture to the roots till Preparation of the Seed. The enemies to food and attention are as important to the the crop has matured, and is in its place to be combatted are the wire-worm, brown grub, plant as to the animal. Ordinarily speaking, benefit the succeeding crop. If put into the birds and squirrels. Of these the first and it costs less to take care of a good crop of hills, the roots soon extend beyond its influ- two last prey upon the kernels, and against corn, on proper corn land, than it does of ence, it does not so readily decompose, and these tar offers a complete protection. I soak bad crop on land not adapted to its culture. the subsequent crop is prejudiced from its par- my seed 12 to 20 hours in hot water, in which The first is light and dry. The latter stiff, tial distribution in the soil. In a rotation of is dissolved a few ounces of crude saltpetre, wet, or grassy. I put the average expense four or five years, in which this crop receives and then add (say to 8 quarts of seed) half a of cultivating and securing an acre at $15, the manure, twenty-five or thirty ordinary pint of tar, previously warmed and diluted including a fair rent, though it ordinarily exmay be applied to one acre with greater with a quart of warm water. The mass is ceeds this sum. The farmer, therefore, who profit than to two or three acres. Every ad- well stirred, the corn taken out, and as much obtains thirty bushels from the acre, estimat-dition tells in the product; and there is scarce-plaster added as will adhere to the grain. ing the grain at 50 cents per bushel, gets a ly any danger of manuring too high for this This impregnates and partially coats the seed favorite fair compensation for his labor, and the use crop. Gypsum is applied broadcast with the tar. The experience of years will of his land. Whatever the product falls short before the last ploughing or harrowing, or warrant me in confidently recommending this of this is an absolute loss; and whatever it strewed on the hills after hocing. I pursue as a protection for the seed. may exceed it is net gain. Thus the the first method, at the rate of a bushel to man the acre.t The manner of planting is ordinarily in hills, who gets but twenty bushels from the acre from two and a half to six feet apart, accordloses, upon this estimate, $20 worth of his laThe best preparation for a corn crop is a clo-ing to the variety of corn, the strength of the bor, on four acres. He who raises 80 bush-ver or other grass lay, or lea, well covered soil, and the fancy of the cultivator. The els an acre, on the other hand, realizes a net with a long manure, recently spread, neatly usual distance in my neighborhood is three profit of $100 from four acres-making a ploughed, and harrowed lengthwise of the feet. Some, however, plant in drills of one, difference in the profits of the two farmers, in furrow. A roller may precede the harrow two, and three rows, by which a greater crop the management of four acres of corn, of one with advantage. The time of performing is unquestionably obtained, though the exhundred and twenty dollars! These data are these operations depends upon the texture of pense of culture is somewhat increased.* sufficiently accurate to show the importance the soil, and the quality of the sod. If the The quantity of seed should be double, and of the two requisites I have suggested, and first is inclined to clay, or the latter tough or may be quadruple,† what is required to stand. the value of a little calculation in the busi-of long continuance, the ploughing may be It is well known that a great difference is ness of farming. The habit of noting down performed the preceding autumn; but where manifest in the appearance of the plants. the expense, as well as the product of a crop, sand or gravel greatly preponderate, or the Some appear feeble and sickly, which the and thus ascertaining the relative profit and sod is light and tender, it is best performed in loss, is highly advantageous to the practical the spring, and as near to the planting as con- of various methods of planting, and serves also to explain *The following table exhibits the difference in product farmer, and one which cannot be too strenu-venient. The harrow at least should immedi- the manner in which large crops of this grain have been ously inculcated. It will perhaps be said, ately precede planting. All seeds do best obtained. I have assumed in the estimate that each stock that I ought to add the value of the manure when put into the fresh stirred mould. Stiff produces one ear of corn, and that the ears average one which is employed in the large crop; but I lands are ameliorated and broken down by or while I am penning this (October) I find that my largill of shelled grain. This is estimating the product low; reply, that I offset this against the increased gest ears give two gills, and 100 fair ears half a bushel of forage which this crop furnishes. Besides, purpose, if it is applied to the corn, &c. before it has fer-supposition that there is no deficiency in the number of wheat crop, without deteriorating its value for the latter shelled corn. The calculation is also predicated upon the by applying the manure in the unfermented mented. stocks, a contingency pretty sure on my method of planting. state in which it is generally found in the We are on the northern border of the maize zone, Hills. bush. qts. spring, it will be as beneficial to the succeed into which the heat readily penetrates. Air, besides conand should make up for def et in climate by selecting soils 1. An acre, in hills 4 feet apart, will produce, each way, ing crops as though it had lain and fermented veying warmth in summer, imparts fertility by the vegeta-2. The same, 3 by 3 feet, in the yard, and been applied in the usual way gases. Dews are also charged with these properties of ve- 4. The same in drills, at 3 ft. plants ble food which is always suspended in it in the form of 3. The same, 3 by 24 feet, in the autumn.† getable nutriment, and, when the soil is porous, they settle down as in a sponge, and impart fertility to the roots (the true months) of plants. * Estimated expense of cultwating an acre of Indian corn: One ploughing, (suppose a clover lay) $2 00 Harrowing and planting, 2.00 Two hocings, 4 days and horse team, 3.75 Harvesting, 2 days, 1.50 Cutting and harvesting stalks, 1 50 Rent, 5.00 +1 adopt the opinion of Davy, as the modus operandi of plaster of paris, that it forms a necessary constituent of plants which it benefits, and is of no direct benefit to as above, 3 ft. from centre of drills, 43,560 plants which do not afford it on analysis. Among the The fifth mode I have tried. The ground was highly first ore the elovers, corn, potatoes, and generally such manured, the crop twice cleaned, and the entire acre gathplants as have broad or succulent leaves; while the latter red and weighed accurately the same day. The product -$15 75 embrace culmiferous grains and grasses, as wheat, rye, in ears was 103 baskets, each 84 lbs. net, and 65 lbs. over. + Stable and yard manures lose 50 per cent, by the fer- timothy, &c. Critical observation for years has confirmed The last basket was shelled and measured, which showed mentation they undergo in the yard during the summer. me in this conclusion. Gypsum must be rendered soluble a product on the acre of 118 bushels 10 qts. I gathered at This loss consists of the gases which are evolved in the before it can be taken up by the months of plants, and it the rate of more than 100 bushels the acre, from 4 rods process of rotting, and of the fluids which sink into the requires 600 parts of water to dissolve one of this mineral,planted in the third method, last summer, the result ascer earth, or are carried off by the rains. Plants receive their I infer from these facts that, by burying it in the soil, it tained in the most accurate manner. Corn shrinks about food either in a gaseous or liquid form. If manure rots in more readily dissolves, and is more accessible to the months 20 per cent, after it is cribbed. The sixth mode is the the soil, neither these gases or fluids are lost the earth of plants than if spread upon the surface of the ground. I one by which the Messrs. Pratts, of Madison county, obretains, and the roots of the plants imbibe them. Yet re-am induced, from these views of the subject, to sow plas-tained the prodigious crop of 170 bushels per acre. These cent manures are not proper to be applied to small grains. ter, on grass grounds, in March, and upon corn and pota-gentlemen, I am told, are of opinion that the product of They cause too rank a growth of straw, and are apt to in-to grounds before the last ploughing for these crops. The an acre may be increased to 200 bushels. duce rust and mildew. Thus a crop of corn, potatoes, or latter was recommended and practised by the distin + I am told the Messrs. Pratts, above alluded to, used ruta baga, may be fed and fattened, if I may use the ex-guished agriculturists, the late Mr. Taylor, of Virginia, seven bushels of seed to the acre, the plants being subse. pression, upon the dung which is destined to nourish thelland Judge Peters, of Pennsylvania. Iquently reduced to the requisite number. best nursing will not render productive. The||ways there abound, and which are lost to the|| soil. In wet or low places in your field, where expense of seed, and the labor of pulling up farm, in ordinary yards, without an abun-winter wheat would be killed by ice, or thrown all but three or four of the strongest plants dance of dry litter to take them up. By the out by frost, this wheat will give a fair crop. in a hill, it is believed will be amply remune- first of these methods, the crop may be se- On our dividing ridges, which are generalrated by the increased product. If the seed cured before the autumnal rains; the value of ly a wet cold soil, and covered four or five is covered as it should be, with fine mould the fodder is increased, and the ground is months with deep snow, this wheat does well. only, and not too deep, we may at least cal-cleared in time for a winter crop of wheat or Winter wheat, if grown at all in such situaculate upon every hill or drill having its re- rye. The second mode impairs the value of tions, would give but an indifferent crop, and quisite number of plants. the forage, requires more labor, and does not that of a light and poor quality. The tea The after culture consists in keeping the increase the quantity or improve the quality wheat weighs 63 pounds to the bushel; other soil loose and free from weeds, which is ordi- of the grain. The third mode requires the spring wheat, in this region, 58. The tea narily accomplished by two dressings, and in same labor as the first, may improve the qual-wheat yields a far better crop than either the thinning the plants, which latter may be done ity of the grain, but must inevitably deterio-bearded or bald spring wheat; and suits much the first hoeing, or partially omitted till the rate the quality of the fodder. The corn better to every variety of soil. With these last. The practice of ploughing among corn, cannot be husked too promptly after it is gath- advantages I think I can with all safety call and of making large hills, is justly getting ered from the field. If permitted to heat, the the tea wheat the best spring crop of grain we into disrepute for the plough bruises and value of the grain is seriously impaired.* have in this region of country. cuts the roots of the plants, turns up the sod Saving Seed. The fairest and soundest and manure to waste, and renders the crop cars are either selected in the field or at the more liable to suffer by drought. The first time of husking, a few of the husks being dressing should be performed as soon as the left on, braided, and preserved in an airy sitsize of the plants will permit, and the best im-uation till wanted for use. Our season is now (March 15) mild. The coldest day the present year was the 2d or March, when the ice in the lake fastened for the first time, and is not yet started. CULTURE OF THE VINE.-For some years plement to precede the hoe is a corn harrow, In making a choice of sorts, the object past, (says a correspondent of the American adapted to the width of the rows, which every should be to obtain the varieties which ripen Farmer, under date of Baltimore, March 20, farmer can make. This will destroy most of early, and afford the greatest crop. I think 1833,) my attention has been drawn to the the weeds and pulverise the soil. The se- these two properties are best combined in a cultivation of the vine, as the means of giving cond hoeing should be performed before or as twelve-rowed kind which I obtained from Ver- to our country a new agricultural product, soon as the tassels appear, and may be pre-mont some years ago, and which I call Dutton which, supplying the farmer with a wholeceded by the corn harrow, a shallow furrow corn, from the name of the gentleman from some beverage, and adding to his resources, of the plough, or, what is better than either, whom I received it. It is earlier than the may take the place of whiskey with the genby the cultivator.* A slight earthing is ben-common eight-rowed yellow, or any other erations that are to come. eficial, providing the earth is scraped from the field variety I have seen, and at the same time I have reluctantly convinced myself, that surface, and the sod and manure not exposed. gives the greatest product. I have invariably we shall never be able to produce from our It will be found beneficial to run the harrow cut the crop in the first fourteen days of Sep-native vines, in this latitude, a wine that will or cultivator a third and even a fourth time, ember, and once in the last week in August. be fit to drink-and indeed, I may say that it between the rows, to destroy weeds and loosen The cob is large, but the grain is so compact has never been my lot to taste a sample of the surface, particularly if the season is dry.† upon it, that two bushels of sound ears have wine from our grapes which could give place In harvesting the crop, one of three modes yielded five pecks of shelled grain, weighing for hope. On the other hand, the severity of is adopted, viz. 1. The corn is cut at the sur-62 lbs. the bushel. our climate, during the winter and spring months, proves fatal to almost all imported varieties. I have sought, therefore, with great earnestness, for a foreign vine which combines the hardihood of some of the Rhenish vines with those qualities which are necessary for the vat. That desideratum has, I think, at length been found in the Herbemont Madeira or Warrenton grape. In No. 50, vol. xiv. of the American Farmer, Mr. Thomas McCall, of Georgia, has traced it satisfactorily to a foreign origin, and it indeed possesses many of the qualities of the best foreign wine grapes I have ever seen. It is an abundant bearer, are so wasteful and slovenly as not to merit *The leaves are the necessary organs for elaborating the bunches are generally perfect, and if left the food of plants, and when these are taken away the consideration. The stalks, blades, and tops plant must cease to grow. The sap is useless until it un to become quite ripe, it is not unlike, in flavor of corn, if well secured, arc an excellent fod-dergoes elaboration in the leaves. Hence, when corn is and appearance, the Miller's Burgundy. der for neat cattle. If cut, or cut and steamed, topped in the usual way, the supply of food is cut off from In the spring of 1831, I received from Mr. the grain, except what may be elaborated in the husks. so that they can be readily masticated, they On comparing corn gathered by the first and second Herbemont five hundred roots, very well put are superior to hay. Besides, their fertilizing modes, it was the opinion of those who assisted in husk up and in the finest condition. I had them ing, that the first was soundest, brightest, and heaviest. properties, as a manure, are greatly aug. The third mode I have not tried, but it seems probable carefully planted at eight feet apart one way mented by being fed out in the cattle yard, that the grain might acquire an increase of volume, though and six the other, and pruned to two buds and imbibing the urine and liquids which al-it would lose again by depredation and waste. The first each. The growth of the vines was very method has these further advantages, that it preserves the The cultivator is made in the form of a triangular harder when in its highest perfection and greatest quantity. cob from being saturated with rains, and secures the fodrow, with two bulls; or if intended to be graduated to different widths, a centre bull is added, to which the exterior ones are attached by hinges. Iron slats, fixed to the exte face of the ground, when the grain has bc- In securing the fodder, precaution must be TEA WHEAT. THE SEASON.-Extracts Farmer. I luxuriant and beautiful. Nothing more was done but to keep them free from weeds and tie up the leading shoots. The wood ripened well, and no further attention was paid to them until March, 1832, when they were again pruned to three or five buds each. Two only had died; and these were indifferent plants through the summer. I consider this a sufficient proof that they will stand our winters, for that of 1832 was severe. The tea wheat which I have sent you I had with a duck's foot termination, four inches broad, some- from the Province of New-Brunswick, soon what cylindrical, rounded at the point, and inclined forward in an angle of 30 or 40 degrees. This implement is after it was first noticed in your paper. useful for other purposes; and may be used, like Beatson's, have sown this wheat every spring since, They were again pruned about ten days as a substitute for the plough, in preparing light soils for a from the tenth of March to the first of May. since; I have carefully examined them, and crop. The handles are attached to the centre piece. The teeth have a shoulder, on the under side of the timber, The choice of time depends on the season; a perceive throughout that perfect coupe, which dry season sometimes injures late sowing, for to a French vigneron is a sure indication of which reason I prefer sowing as soon as the health and promise. ground will admit. and are fastened with screws and nuts above. + Some entertain a mistaken notion, that it is prejudi cial to stir the soil among corn in dry weather, and others that weeds serve to prevent the evaporation of moisture by I have reason to believe that I shall be a hot sun. The reverse of these opinions is true. The This grain does well on what we call a na-able this fall to make some barrels of wine as exhaustion of moisture by a plant is in the ratio of the surface of its leaves and stocks presented to the sun and air.tural wheat soil, and just as well on any good an experiment. NEW YORK AMERICAN. LITERARY NOTICES. state of society with us, that encouragement should CHARACTERISTICS OF WOMEN, MORAL, POETICAL AND Alda.-Correct them! Show me that one human HISTORICAL; by MRS. JAMESON, author of a Diary of being who has been made essentially better by satire! an Ennuyée 2 vols.: Philadelphia, Carey, Lea &O no, no! there is something in human nature which Blanchard.-It is not without design that we place hardens itself against the lash-something in satire these two works on women, and by women, in juxta. which excites only the lowest and worst of our propensities. That line in Popeposition; for truly they are bane and antidote; and I must be proud to see just in the degree that all well ordered minds and real Men not afraid of God, afraid of me! admirers of the worth of women must deplore the-has ever filled me with terror and pity, and sends wild, licentious, gross and impracticable views of me to think upon the opposite sentiment in Shak. Mary Wollstonecraft, they will rejoice at seeing the I remember once hearing a poem of Barry Cornwall's speare, on "the mischievous foul sin of chiding sin." true and noble "characteristics of women," set forth (he read it to me,) about a strange winged creature so eloquently and illustrated so happily by Mrs. Jame that, having the lineaments of a man, yet preyed on son in these volume. We cannot more satisfactorilys and beholding his own face therein, and that he had a man, and afterwards coming to a stream to drink, explain the aim of this delightful book than by letting made his prey of a creature like himself, pined away the author speak for herself in the annexed quotation with repentance. So should those do, who having from the introductory dialogue: made themselves mischievous mirth out of the sins and sorrows of others, remembering their own hu. manity, and seeing within themselves the same linea. ments-so should they grieve and pine away, self. punished. Medon. 'Tis an old allegory, and a sad one-and but too much to the purpose. Alda. I abhor the spirit of ridicule-I dread it and I despise it. I abhor it because it is in direct contradiction to the mild and serious spirit of Christianity; I fear it, because we find that in every state of society in which it has prevailed as a fashion, and has given the tone to the manners and literature, it marked the moral degradation and approaching de. struction of that society; and I despise it, because it ||almost from its first publication, we have a new edi-||cern their true bearings; when the perception of tion put forth of the original from which the Fanny evil, or sorrow, or sin, brings also the percep Wrights and other men in petticoats have imbibed indulgence, or the knowledge of the cause which tion of some opposite good, which awakens our the crude notions of the social system, and desolat. excites our pity. Thus it is with me. I can smile, THE NORTH AMERICAN Review, No. LXXIX. Bos-ing views of the rights and dignity of women. It is-nay, I can laugh still, to see folly, vanity, absurdity, ton, CHAS. BOWEN: New-York, G. & C. & H. Car- a poor compliment to the spirit of the age, and to the meanness, exposed by scornful wit, and depicted by vill. We have read this number of the North Amethings, when I encounter the reality, rather make others in fictions light and brilliant. But these very rican Review with great pleasure. Its leading paper me sad than merry, and take away all the inclination, on Sir Walter Scott, descants, con amore, upon the if I had the power, to hold them up to derision. beautiful character and immortal literary labors of the Medon.-Unless by doing so, you might correct them. man who has done more for the virtuous gratification, and exercised a more wide and potent sway over the minds and hearts, of men of all nations, than probably ever was effected before by the genius of one individual. And yet, there are men who think it wrong to speak praisingly of Walter Scott!-pious, good men! who deem it a reproach that a Christian clergyman should pronounce a eulogy upon one, whose life nevertheless was a model of the Christian virtues in practice, and whose heart knew no guile. If to the eyes and understandings which thus consider things, any avenue be yet open, through which truth without prejudice may penetrate, we commend to their attention this article of the North American. Next come a history of Spanish poetry, previous to the XVth century, and of the formation of the present Castilian language; a paper which among the num- Alda.—I have endeavored to illustrate the vari. berless learners now-a-days of the glorious Spanish ous modifications of which the female character is tongue, will find many readers. The Evidences of susceptible, with their causes and results. My life has been spent in observing and thinking; I have had, Christianity, by Bishop M'Ilvaine, as contained in as you well know, more opportunities for the first, the Lectures delivered by that Prelate in this city more leisure for the last, than have fallen to the lot some two years ago, furnish the next subject; and of most people. What I have seen, felt, thought, this valuable treatise is praised with a just discrimi. suffered, has led me to form certain opinions. It apnation of its merits. These lectures were designed pears to me that the condition of women in society, as at present constituted, is false in itself, and injufor young men, to whose habits, taste, and circum-rious to them, that the education of women, as at stances, they are admirably adapted. "If we do not present conducted, is founded in mistaken princi. greatly mistake," says the Reviewer, "it will be ples, and tends to increase fearfully the sum of mise. found, that the fact of the author's having written//ry and error in beth sexes; but I do not choose pre-is the usual resource of the shallow and the base mind, sumptuously to fling these opinions in the face of the with this class of hearers and readers in his eye, in world, in the form of essays on morality, and treaticonnexion with the uncommon perspicuity, and felici-ses on education. I have rather chosen to illustrate tous arrangement, and general excellence of the certain positions by examples, and leave my readers work, will secure to it an introduction as a text-book to deduce the moral themselves, aud draw their own inferences. into some of our literary institutions." We pass over Medon. And why have you not chosen your ex the article on Watson's Annals of Philadelphia, on amples from real life? you might easily have done This is surely fine writing, and just and delicate the Law School at Cambridge, and the more ela.so. You have not been a mere spectator, or a mere thinking. The examples chosen from Shakspeare actor, but a lounger behind the scenes of existence borate and ambitious one on the Progress of Society,have even assisted in preparing the puppets for are divided into four classes-Characters of Intellect, to speak of that on Southey's Life of Bunyan, and on the stage; you might have given us an epitome of which include Portia, Isabella, Beatrice and Rossthe character and genius of Bunyan himself; a most||your experience, instead of dreaming over Shaks-lind; Characters of Passion and Imagination, under eloquent article, reminding one of Macaulay of the peare. which class, Juliet, Helena, Perdita, Viola, Ophe. Alda.-I might so, if I had chosen to become a Edingburgh, and written with a full perception of the female satirist, which I will never be. lia and Miranda, are introduced: Characters of the genius of Bunyan, and his extraordinary work, the Medon. You would at least stand a better chance|| Affections, illustrated by Hermoine, Desdemona, Pilgrim's Progress; a work which interests and at- of being read. Imogene and Cordelia; and Historical Characters, Alda. I am not sure of that. The vile taste for embracing Cleopatra, Octavia, Volumnia, Constance tracts childhood, and commands the admiration and satire and personal gossip will not be eradicated, of Bretagne, Elinor of Guienne, Blanche of Castile, reverence of mature age. Thatcher's Indian Biogra suppose, while the elements of curiosity and malice phy, Abercrombie on the Intellactual Powers, and remain in human nature; but as a fashion of litera- Margaret of Anjou, Katharine of Arragon, and Lady Swallow Barn, are the subjects of the three remain-ture, I think it is passing away-at all events it is Macbeth. Those to whom Shakspeare is familiar, not my forte. Long experience of what is called will see at once that this range embraces almost eveing papers. "the world," of the folly, duplicity, shallowness, EBEN ERSKINE, OR THE TRAVELLER: by John Galt, selfishness, which meet us at every turn, too soon ry possible modification of female character; but we author of Laurie Todd, 2 vols. Philad. CAREY, LEA unsettles our youthful creed. If it only led to the may venture to say even to those who think they un& BLANCHARD.-"This may be my last novel; for knowledge of good and evil, it were well; if it only derstand Shakspeare best, that they will find new the latter part has been dictated from a bed of sick. taught us to despise the illusions and retire from the views of his beauties developed with such taste, such pleasures of the world, it would be better. But it ness, and the disease is not of a very equivocal kind!" destroys our belief--it dims our perception of all fineness of perception, and delicacy of feeling comSuch is the melancholy annunciation with which Mr. abstract truth, virtue, and happiness; its turns life bined with reach and strength of intellect, as will a. Galt ushers these volumes into the world: may their into a jest, and a very dull one too. It makes us in-like surprize and gratify them. Well has Mrs. Jame. success console the hours which disease is wasting teaches us to consider self as the centre on which all which is exalted and improved by all that exalts wodifferent to beauty, and incredulous of goodness; it son merited of her own sex, and thrice well of ours Lord Byron, in one of his conversations with Lady actions turn, and to which all motives are to be reBlessington, lamented that, having had an opportu-ferred. man, by the publication of these admirable "Charac. nity by making a sea-voyage with him, of cultivating Medon-But this being so, we must either revolve||teristics." an acquaintance with Mr. Galt, he had neglected with these earthly natures, and round the same centre, or seek a sphere for ourselves, and dwell apart. THE DEATH OF THE Righteous, or the way of Hoit; for that he had since learned to think highly of Alda--I trust it is not necessary to do either.-ly Dying, translated from the French of M. de la him as a man and a writer. Whether this work is While we are yet young, and the passions, powers, Placette, by LEWIS P. BAYARD, A. M. Rector of St. destined to add to his fame as an author, we think and feelings in their full activity, create to us a world Clement's Church, N. York, 1 vol. New York: within, we cannot look fairly on the world without: doubtful: yet we have seen it highly praised, and we all things are then good. When first we throw our. Protestant Episcopal Press, and Swords, Stanford & will not gainsay the good thus spoken. selves forth, and meet burrs and briars on every side, Co.-The aim of this valuable little volume is to which stick in our very hearts--and fair tempting teach men how to die, by instructing them how to fruits which turn to bitter ashes in the taste, then we live as christians. It is a profitable lesson-and well exclaim with impatience, all things are evil. But at length comes the calm hour, when they who taught in these pages of which the translation is so look beyond the superficies of things begin to dis-good, as not to have the air of a translation at all. A VINDICATION OF THE RIGHTS OF WOMAN, &c. &c. by Mary Wollstonecraft: New York, A. J. MATSELL. -"The evil that men [and women too] do, lives af ter them ;" and here at the distance of half a century I and, when wielded by the strongest hand with the purest intentions, an inefficient means of good. The spirit of satire, reversing the spirit of mercy which is twice blessed, seems to me twice accursed;-evil in those who indulge it—evil to those who are the objects of it. AMERICAN TURF REGISTER, for April; Baltimore, Hart.-The beautiful English book, of which the reprint before us furnishes the letter press only, is re- J. S. SKINNER.-Among the unfailing attractions of markable for the superiority and excellence of its this number is a memoir, with a capital engraving, engravings. Here we have the literary portion of of the famous Virginia horse Timoleon, a Sir Archey the volume handsomely printed, and in this shape it colt. This must, from the dimensions given in a tawill be more generally read than in the splendid ori- ||bular form, have been one of the tallest and largest ginal and it is worth reading. * condition. * THE BOOK OF BEAUTY; a Collection of Tales ||cause of Temperance has found an able and eloquent|| volume of this valuable publication has just appeared and completed one of the most useful little works Poems, &c., by L. E. L.; Philadelphia, Carey and advocate in this distinguished Philanthropist. that has for some time come from the press. Upon looking through the three parts together, we find no occasion to alter the favorable opinion heretofore expressed concerning them individually, except that in the Dictionary of Phrases, the proof-reader has overlooked some blunders of the press, which might tend race horses ever foaled. He was two hands or eight somewhat to lessen the confidence of a casual obserinches taller at the withers and the loins, than Eclipse. ver in the authenticity of other parts of the work. In THE WESTMINSTER REVIEW, one case, for instance, there is a French proverb PATTERSON'S CÆSAR, VALPY'S GREEK GRAMMAR, THE FOREIGN QUARTERLY REVIEW, Philadelphia. Mr. Condy Raguet, well known as a champion of and The Latin ReadeR, are the titles of three duo. marked as Italian, and in another as Spanish. Then free trade under "the banner of the Constitution," decimo volumes. which we have received from Mr. there are such misprints as, sono, (are,) Italian, for has undertaken to republish in this country these two Dean, the Publisher, and which are for sale hy Col. sonno, (sleep,)—pobreza (Spanish) for probeza; for distinguished foreign periodicals, and at a price much lins & Hannay, and others. The edition of Cæsar spesso, spepo; bisoyna for bisoqua; mittere for metbelow that at which they could be obtained from is from that of Oberlin, and to the emendations of tere, &c., a degree of confusion of tongues which abroad. The first number of the American edition other learned individuals adds the revision of its no oversight should have allowed to occur. To show is now before us; and though we dislike the double present Editor, David Patterson, A. M. It is illus. how well other parts of the work are executed, howcolumns and the smaller type, we are aware at the trated with English Notes, and is supplied with an ever, we quote the following account of the most ansame time, that in order to render such works cheap, ample historical and geographical index, at the end. cient city in the new world, and one whose growing and thereby put them into general circulation, these The Grammar is the 8th edition of Valpy's popular commercial relations with our own country makes it expedients are indispensable. Our best wishes at work, enriched with additions by Professor Anthon, desirable that we should be more familiar with its MEXICO, a celebrated city and capital of the re. tend the enterprize. The agents in New York are who, from the Grammar of Buttmann, Golius, Weller and others, and with the assistance of the last Eng-publick of Mexico, situated in the state of the same Bliss & Wadsworth. The Ladies' MedicAL GUIDE, &c. &c. By Rich-lish edition received direct from Dr. Valpy, has com- name, 7400 feet above the level of the sea, 252 ard Reece, M. D. Philadelphia: Carey, Lea, & piled a work that will prove invaluable to the young miles west of Vera Cruz, 300 S.W. of Tampico, on the Pacifick Ocean. From Washington City, United Blanchard. We do not like Medical guides for Hellenist. The work contains some observations on the Gulf of Mexico, and 270 north of Acapulco, on either ladies or gentlemen-for they are seldom used the Sanscrit tongue, and the Dissertation of Thiersch States, it is 2750 miles. The present city occupies with discretion; and frequently, though not resorted on the Homeric Digamm, among other improve-only part of the site of the ancient Mexican city of to for instruction in time of need, distemper the fancy ments upon the last edition. The next book, the Tenochtitlan, which was founded, according to the before its conquest by Cortez. The location is near of readers, who cannot distinguish surely the differ-Latin Reader, is founded upon the celebrated work traditions of the natives, in 1331, or two centuries ence in cases, and thus they produce disease by the of Jacobs and Doring, with Notes and Illustrations, the Lake Tezcuco, the waters of which, with the "Mexico is undoubtedly," very means intended to prevent it. In all ordinary by John D. Ogilby, Principal of the Grammar School other lakes in the vicinity, have been on the decrease cases a mother is the best medical guide for young of Columbia College. The present being the fourth for several centuries. women, and when her skill and experience are at American, from the seventh German edition, it would says Humboldt, "one of the finest cities ever built be idle to pass here upon a work of such established by Europeans in either hemisphere. With the exception of Petersburgh, Berlin, Philadelphia, and fault, send for the regular physician. THE SELECT JOURNAL OF FOREIGN PERIODICAL LI- reputation. All three of these works bear the strong Westminster, there does not exist a city of the same TERATURE, NO II.--Boston: Charles Bowen. It is recommendation, as school books, of being printed in extent which can be compared to the capital of New Spain for the uniform level of the ground on which it stands, for the regularity and breadth of the streets, a pleasure to read a journal printed on such paper, a neat, compact, and cheap form. We are free to THE LIFE OF A SAILOR; 2 vols.; HARPERS.-This and the extent of the publick places. The architecand with such a clear type as this. confess it-though it may have the effect of placing||is an agreeable piece of book making, containing ature is generally of a very fine style, and there are sorts of hewn stone give to the Mexican buildings us in the category of growing old persons-that our great variety of sea adventures strung together in an even edifices of a very beautiful structure. Two an air of solidity, and sometimes of magnificence. eyes are much more sensible to the superiority of easy and entertaining manner, with no great literary pretensions, and some marks of carelessness. The The balustrades and gates are all of Biscay iron, or clear type and white paper than in days of yore. The selections, literary and critical, of this num-work is a reprint from an English book—a little mat|namented with bronze; and the houses instead of southern countries." ber, are made with judgment and good taste, and are ter, by the by, which should have been mentioned in roofs, have terraces like those of Italy and other Many of the streets are nearly two miles in of great variety. The Quarterly, the Foreign Quar-the title page, instead of only putting it forth as writ terly, the Asiatic Journal, and the Magazines gene-ten "by a Captain in The Navy," (quere, what navy length, perfectly, level and straight, with the ends rally, contribute to its contents, which are not the less is THE navy ?) and leaving us as much in doubt as to terminating in a view of the mountains that surround height, most of them having three stories, each from interesting for being occasionally condensed from the place of birth, as to the parentage of the thing. the valley. The houses are in general of a uniform the original articles, and explained by short editorial A glance at the contents of the book, however, soon 15 to 20 feet high. The fronts of most of the houses solves any question as to the source whence it e-are painted in different colours, viz. white, crimson, The terms "refined American diction," brown, or light green, and retain their beauty for PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL PULPIT, Vol. III., No 2.-manates. The city is built in the form of a square of about New York: John Moore.-Tke Sermon which con- |(p. 223,) "nasal intonation wonderfully discordant many years, owing to the dryness of the atmosphere. Unity of God," by to the musical (!) ears or an Englishman," (p. 227,) four miles on a side. The Plaza Major is one of stitutes this number is on the " the Rev. Benjamin Hale, Professor of Dartmouth and occasional sneers at "the free-born Americans," the finest squares to be seen in any city in the world. peppered over the pages, betray at once a Grub street The east side is occupied by the cathedral, a magCollege, N. Hampshire. THE AMERICAN LANCET; Philadelphia, TURNER & origin; and show that though the general materials |nificent building; the north by a splendid palace, fine row of houses, in the centre of which is a SONS.-This is a periodical of which four numbers of the work may really have been supplied by an off. formerly occupied by the viceroys; the south by a have been issued. Some valuable original communi-cer and man of liberal observation, there must have palace, called the Casa del Estada, built on the site cations, as well as excellent selections from foreign been some Cockney hand in the working up, to have of the palace of Montezuma; and on the west is a journals have appeared, and give promise of its being||made a Georgian planter talk like a Connecticut ped. range of shops, publick offices, granaries, &c., north, is the Alameda, or great promenade. a channel through which much information will be iar, and put the farrago of one of Mathew's Yankees with piazzas in front. Near the suburbs, to the This want disseminated. Although we cannot,' says a young in the mouth of a Savannah merchant. medical friend, 'exactly coincide with some of the of truth to character, however, though it may raise articles on the medical institution of this country, a doubt as to the justness of the more important rewhich are rather too sweeping, still the merits of presentations of the author, occupies but a small por. this journal are of a high order. The proper education of the work, there being many animated descrip. tion of a physician is a matter in which the whole tions of fights and storms at sea, and sundry accounts community is interested; and as to this subject parti- of the land voyages of the true blue jackets. Sevecular attention is to be paid in its pages, it alone enti-ral of these we have already given in anticipation tles it to the patronage, not only of the medical pro-and those of our readers who remember the well-told account of the death of Sir Peter Parker, and the fession, but of the public at large.' ADDRESS ON THE PATRIOT Character of the destruction of a boats's crew by sharks, will want no TEMPERANCE REFORMATION; delivered before the more striking scenes to recommend "The Life of a Charleston Temperance Society and the Young Sailor." Men's Temperance Society, on Tuesday evening, notices. * THE TREASURY OF Knowledge and LIBRARY OF 26th Feb. 1833. BY THOMAS S. GRIMKE,-The great||REFERENCE; Connor & Cooke.-The third and last water. The botanical garden is small, but rich in rare and interesting productions. It is handsomely laid out with elegant large pots of flowers. In the centre is in the Spanish fashion, with flagged walks, bordered a large stone basin, supplied by a fountain with A late The publick buildings are very numerous. traveller counted 105 cupolas, spires, and domes, the cathedral, 38 convents, namely:-23 of monks within the city, and there are 56 churches, besides The Franciscan convent is a large and 15 of nuns. establishment, with an income of about 90,000 dollars, arising principally from alms. The hospital is establishment of the kind in the world. The univer well supported, and the mint is the most extensive sity, tounded in 1551, and the public library, are worthy of notice, as well as the academy of painting and sculpture, The dwelling houses of the citizens, although ma. ||station and character of the victims, the foul and|| Ireland is in a dreadful state. The Whigs have ny of them are elegant, lofty, and spacious, are not brutal murder of Mr. Leonard transpired in London some difficult matters to manage. The emancipaas well furnished as those of cities in the United just the day before that appointed for going into com- tion question, it is said, will be brought forward States. The city is supplied with water by aque-mittee on the bill, and the minds of members of soon. This concerns us, and the sooner we prepare ducts, and the canal of Chalco which extends from Parliament were thus sickened by fresh evidence for it the better." the lake of that name to the city, affords an avenue of the audacious contempt for law and confidence of for conveying in canoes, the products of the surround-impunity exhibited in the noon day murder of a gen. LATER FROM EUROPE.-The George Washington, ing country, and the fruits, flowers, and vegetables, tleman whose only crime, it is said, was that of threa- from Liverpool of 24th ult., furnishes later dates, but raised in the beautiful gardens in the vicinity, to tening to recover by legal process those arrears of market. The remains of the celebrated floating||rent which he had no other means of obtaining. nothing very material. Our own files are not yet re. gardens, called Chimpas, are near the lakes, and The state of Don Pedro becomes more critical-ceived. We take from the Journal of Commerce and are now stationary, surrounded by a broad ditch. want of provisions in Oporto being the chief difficul. the Courier & Enquirer. The cause of Don Pedro in ty; but it is said that both recruits and provisions Portugal seems to have revived a little, by a check given to an attack on Oporto by the troops of Miguel. were on the way. A new Ambassador from Holland, M. Dedel, had In Paris, the two men charged with shooting at Louarrived in London and had his first audience; and is Philippe were acquitted, as were the prisoners tathat would arrest for a time at least, we presume, theken in the steamboat which landed the Duchess of forward movement of the French army and English Berri last year in the South of France. fleet, which was threatened after the 15th March. The Egyptians and Turks had certainly concluded an armistice; so that the advance of Russia to the aid of its late enemy, the Turks, was checked. Mexico was formerly subject to inundations from the lakes, to prevent which a drain has been cut through a gap in the mountains, 12 miles long and 300 feet wide, at great expense. The climate is bland, and the atmosphere pure and healthy. There are many pleasant rides out of the city; among others, that to the village of Tacubaya, four miles distant. This city enjoys an extensive commerce, which is carried on through the ports of Acapulco, on the Pacifick, and Vera Cruz, Alvarado, and Tampico, on the Atlantick Ocean. Merchandise is transported on mules from these seaports, and companies of traders with the goods generally go armed to protect themselves from robbers, who occasionally frequent the roads to the capital. Lord Durham had resigned the Privy Seal on the score of domestic affliction, as one version says,-of his political views differing from those of his colleagues, according to another version. The people are much addicted to pleasure and gambling. The ladies, when they are seen in the the streets, are dressed in black, except on holydays [From the London Times, of March 16.] and other publick occasions, when their dresses are PARIS. A French brig of war arrived at Toulon gay. They generally are in carriages when they appear in publick, and but seldom on horseback. The on the 7th inst. from Napoli di Romania, which place dress of the higher classes of the men is similar to she left on the 16 ult. She brings despatches to the those of Spain. Long cloaks are worn in the streets, French Government announcing that King Otho had and light jackets in the houses. American, English, arrived at Napoli on the 6th. On the following day and French manufactures of cotton and wool, and he published a proclamation, in which he professes German linens, are more worn. English earthen-a multitude of good intentions and wishes for the fuwnre, beer, and porter, are also in great request.-ture prosperity and welfare of his newly adopted Some breweries have however been established in country. He recommends that all internal dissenthe city. Beggars, called leperos, similar to the lazzaroni of Naples, are very numerous in this city; they are said to amount to 20,000. The ancient city of Mexico, or Tenochtititlan, was taken by Cortez, in 1521, after a siege of 75 days, when a great slaughter of the inhabitants took place The houses were razed to the ground, and the present city built on the ruins. Lat. 19 26 N., lon. 103 45 W. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. LATER FROM ENGLAND.-The Pacific, Capt. Waite, from Liverpool, brings us London papers to the 16th ult., inclusive. The enforcing bill made slow progress in the House of Commons. The Times of the 16th thus remarks on it sive measure. sions should cease, and promises to use his utmost of the Greeks. The Irish Enforcing Bill hastened slowly through the House of Commons, but will ultimately prevail. The 23d of this month, it is perceived, is the day fixed by Lord Althorp for introducing the ministerial plan of Slave Emancipation in the West Indies. We shall look anxiously for the development of that plan. From a passenger we learn that the Ministry were nearly left in a minority on the evening of the 21st in the House of Commons, on a motion of Mr. Atwood, of Birmingham, respecting the currency. The divi. sion gave only 26 majority to Ministers. The Rev. Ed. Irving, who has made such a noise in the world, has been formally deposed as a minister of the Scotch Church by the Presbytery of Annan. A serious accident occurred at Edinburgh, at the sale by auction of Lord Eldin's Pictures. Just as Mr. Winstanley, the auctioneer, was holding up a celebrated Teniers to the admiration of a large assembly, the flooring on which they stood gave way, and precipitated into the room beneath. Many limbs the auctioneer, pictures, and part of the crowd were were broken, and one life, that of Alexander Smith, Esq., banker, was lost. TURKEY.-Important advices have been received at Vienna, by a Dragoman, despatched from Constanti. nople by the Internuncio, at the desire of the Reis Effendi. It appears that the French Admiral, Roessin, with the concurrence of the English Chargé de Affaires, Mr. Mandeville, had prevailed on the Porte to accept the mediation of France between the Sultan and the Viceroy of Egypt, and that a treaty has been signed by the Frenchman and the Ottoman min. ister, by which the Porte cedes to the Egyptians the whole coast of Syria from Tripoli to the borders of Egypt, with a tract in the interier which includes Jerusalem (but not Damascus.) Aleppo, Scanderoon, and all the older conquests of the Egyptian army, are to be restored to the Ottoman Porte. A messenger had been despatched to Ibrahim Pacha with intelligence of this convention, and a declaration that if he advances farther into Asia Minor, France will consider Egypt as her enemy. Little doubt is entertained but that this message will stop Ibrahim in his career, and that his father will not hesitate to make peace on the terms propo. sed. The Russian fleet, which had arrived at the mouth of the Bosphorus, being no longer wanted, will return to Sebastopol. of blame if King Otho's reign proves a short one. The Greeks will not perhaps be greatly deserving How can it be expected that they should be sincere in their allegiance to a man who is so entirely a stranger to them as a Bavarian Prince, and whom not one of them had ever dreamt of choosing as their King? The Greeks, besides, are Republicans in their hearts. The sentiment of republicanism, in a manner, is born with them. Even under the iron yoke of the Turks, the unconscious possession of that sentiment was evinced in all their acts, in all their words. Their institutions were of a republican form, though subject to the despotism of the Turks. It appears that Colcotroni was still at open war with the Government, and it was publicly affirmed and believed at Napoli that he was supported by Very little progress was last night made in the Russian aid. It is not however probable that the Irish Disturbance Bill. Only 3 clauses out of 41 Russians would encourage a war against the autho were got through. Yet, notwithstanding this delay,rity of the very man for whom their influence has so the bill, we take for granted, will pass the House materially contributed in procuring the throne of of Commons, in spite of the repugnance of its prin- Greece. There were several English, French, and ciples which pervades the whole liberal majority of Russian ships of war in the port of Napoli, when that assembly, and which has been frankly acknow. King Otho arrived, with the three Admirals of the ledged by the very Ministers, who felt themselves same Powers, commanding the station in the Archiconstrained to bring in that unusual and most offen-pelago. They had, it seems, made it a point to be It is certain that in the progress of present at the landing of the King whom their Go. the discussions, both in doors and out, upon some of vernments had sent to Greece. its obnoxious clauses, the symptoms of an increasing dislike to even the temporary admission of such in- By the packet from Havre, we have no later intel. truders upon our domestic policy as courts-martial, ligence than before received. We publish, however, domiciliary visits, and suspensions of the Habeas some extracts from our correspondent at Havre, of Corpus Act, became more perceptible every hour;||March 10th, giving a bird's-eye view of things. and we had hopes, not many days ago, that the bill,] "I have a letter of the 19th ult. from Mahon; the ere it passed, would have been cleansed of most of United States and Constellation were there; the its unwholesome attibutes. But, unhappily, the John Adams is now at Marseilles, but will quit for activity of murderous outrage in Ireland has pro. Mahon on the 15th." ceeded without a moment's relaxation. As if to re. "The papers will inform you of what is passing fute all objections and all reasonings drawn from the here, There has been some sparring in the Cham spirit of the constitution itself, and from general ex. ber of Deputies during the debate upon the pension perience of its efficacy in the maintenance of order, list. Baude and Dubois, two Councillors of State, and in the protection of peaceable and unoffending took part against the Government, and have been citizens from violence,- -as if to deride and mock dismissed in consequence. It is the opinion of some, the simpletons who love to cherish the forms of that this rigid step may lead to a change of Ministry, freedom, for the sake of that precious substance of but if it should, I am well persuaded it wili not lead which they are the types and guarantees,- -as if to to a change of policy. take away from English gentlemen, jealous of the "The last advices from the Hague and London,mascus. rights of their fellow-subjects, all pretence for fur. speak more favorably of an early arrangement of the ther opposition to this bill, and from the Government Dutch and Belgian question. It appears a malignant all excuse for failing to push it vigorously through fever or cholera is raging in the armies of Miguel the remaining stages of legislation, the Irish ruffians and Pedro. and assassins never once suspended the course of It is believed that the affair of the Porte and the their barbarities. To say nothing of outrages less Pacha of Egypt, will be settled by the intervention critically timed, as well as less conspicuous from the of the great powers, or some of them. MECCA, Dec. 21.-Here in the Holy City, preparations are making for the solemn expiation of the anathema pronounced by the Sultan and the Mufti against Mahemet Ali and the Princes of his family. The ceremony is fixed for the beginning of spring, and is considered in all Arabia as the commence. ment of Arabian nationality and independence. The Sheriff of Mecca expects from Constantinople the firman of the Sultan, relative to the restoration of Mehemet Ali to all his dignities and honors. The hatti scheriff to this effect is to be read inthe Kaaba, and the galleries and 240 pillars of that temple are to be splendidly adorned on this occasion. It is also expected that Mehemet Ali will shortly receive homage as King of Egypt, in Cairo and Syria in Da. Such an event is looked for with the more impal tience by all the faithful, as it will put an end to ali the ravages of war, and restore tranquility both to Egypt and the Ottoman Empire. The priests in particuler seem to wish for it, as they may then fexpect more numerous caravans of pilgrims in the spring, and richer presents from the new dynasty. |