SEC. 6. The governor shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation, which shall not be increased or diminished during his continuance in office.

SEC. 7. He shall be commander-in-chief of the army and navy of the State, and of the militia, except when called into the actual service of the United States; but he shall not march nor convey any of the citizens out of the State without their consent, or that of the legislature, unless it shall become necessary, in order to march or transport them from one part of the State to another, for the defence thereof.

SEC. 8. He shall nominate and, with the advice and consent of the council, appoint all judicial officers, the attorney-general, the sheriff, coroners, registers of probate, and notaries public, and he shall also nominate and, with the advice and consent of the council, appoint all other civil and military officers whose appointment is not, by this constitution, or shall not by law be otherwise provided for; and every such nomination shall be made seven days at least prior to such appointment.

SEC. 9. He shall, from time to time, give the legislature information of the condition of the State, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may judge expedient.

SEC. 10. He may require information from any military officer, or any officer in the executive department, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices.

SEC. 11. He shall have power, with the advice and consent of the council, to remit, after conviction, all forfeitures and penalties, and grant reprieves and pardons, except in cases of impeachment.

SEC. 12. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed.

SEC. 13. He may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the legislature; and, in case of disagreement between the two houses with respect to the time of adjournment, adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper, not beyond the day of the next annual meeting; and if, since their last adjournment, the place where the legislature were next to convene shall have become dangerous from an enemy or contagious sickness, may direct the session to be held at some other convenient place within the State.

SEC. 14. Whenever the office of governor shall become vacant by death, resignation, removal from office, or otherwise, the president of the senate shall exercise the office of governor until another governor shall be duly qualified; and, in case of the death, resignation, removal from office, or other disqualification of the president of the Senate, so exercising the office of governor, the speaker of the house of representatives shall exercise the office until a president of the senate shall have been chosen; and when the office of governor, president of the senate, and speaker of the house shall become vacant, in the recess of the senate, the person acting as secretary of state for the time being shall, by proclamation, convene the senate, that a president may be chosen to exercise the office of governor. And whenever either the president of the senate or speaker of the house shall so exercise said office, he shall receive only the compensation of governor, but his duties as president or speaker shall be suspended; and the senate or house shall fill the vacancy until his duties as governor shall cease.

ARTICLE V.-PART SECOND.

COUNCIL.

SECTION 1. There shall be a council, to consist of seven persons, citizens of the United States and residents of this State, to advise the governor in the executive part of the government, whom the governor shall have full power, at his discretion, to assemble; and he, with the councillors, or a majority of them, may, from time to time, hold and keep a council, for ordering and directing the affairs of state according to law.

SEC. 2. The councillors shall be chosen annually on the first Wednesday of January, by joint ballot of the senators and representatives in convention; and vacancies which shall afterwards happen shall be filled in the same manner; but not more than one councillor shall be elected from any district prescribed for the election of senators; and they shall be privileged from arrest in the same manner as senators and representatives.

SEC. 3. The resolutions and advice of council shall be recorded in a register, and signed by the members agreeing thereto, which may be called for by either house of the legislature; and any councillor may enter his dissent to the resolution of the majority.

SEC. 4. No member of Congress or of the legislature of this State, nor any person holding any office under the United States, (post-officers excepted,) nor any civil officers under this State, (justices of the peace and notaries public excepted,) shall be councillors. And no councillor shall be appointed to any office during the time for which he shall have been elected.

ARTICLE V.-PART THIRD.
SECRETARY.

SECTION 1. The secretary of state shall be chosen annually at the first session of the legislature, by joint ballot of the senators and representatives in convention. SEC. 2. The records of the State shall be kept in the office of the secretary, who may appoint his deputies, for whose conduct he shall be accountable.

SEC. 3. He shall attend the governor and council, senate and house of representatives, in person or by his deputies, as they shall respectively require.

SEC. 4. He shall carefully keep and preserve the records of all the official acts and proceedings of the governor and council, senate and house of representatives, and, when required, lay the same before either branch of the legislature, and perform such other duties as are enjoined by this constitution, or shall be required by law.

ARTICLE V.-PART FOURTH.

TREASURER.

SECTION 1. The treasurer shall be chosen annually at the first session of the legislature, by joint ballot of the senators and representatives in convention, but shall not be eligible more than five years successively.

SEC. 2. The treasurer shall, before entering on the duties of his office, give bond to the State, with sureties, to the satisfaction of the legislature, for the faithful discharge of his trust.

SEC. 3. The treasurer shall not, during his continuance in office, engage in any business of trade or commerce, or as a broker, nor as an agent or factor for any merchant or trader.

SEC. 4. No money shall be drawn from the treasury but by warrant from the governor and council, and in consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published at the commencement of the annual session of the legislature.

SECTION 1. The judicial power of this State shall be vested in a supreme judicial court, and such other courts as the legislature shall, from time to time, establish. SEC. 2. The justices of the supreme judicial court shall, at stated times, receive a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office, but they shall receive no other fee or reward.

SEC. 3. They shall be obliged to give their opinion upon important questions of law, and upon solemn occasions, when required by the governor, council, senate, or house of representatives.

SEC. 4. All judicial officers, except justices of the peace, shall hold their offices during good behavior, but not beyond the age of seventy years.

SEC. 5. Justices of the peace and notaries public shall hold their offices during seven years, if they so long behave themselves well, at the expiration of which term they may be re-appointed, or others appointed as the public interest may require.

SEC. 6. The justices of the supreme judicial court shall hold no office under the United States, nor any State, nor any other office under this State, except that of justice of the peace.

ARTICLE VII.

MILITARY.

SECTION 1. The captains and subalterns of the militia shall be elected by the written votes of the members of their respective companies; the field-officers of regiments by the written votes of the captains and subalterns of their respective regiments; the brigadier-generals, in like manner, by the field-officers of their respective brigades.

SEC. 2. The legislature shall, by law, direct the manner of notifying the electors, conducting the elections, and making the returns to the governor of the officers elected; and if the electors shall neglect or refuse to make such elections, after being duly notified according to law, the governor shall appoint suitable persons to fill such offices.

SEC. 3. The major-general shall be elected by the senate and house of representatives, each having a negative on the other. The adjutant-general and quartermastergeneral shall be appointed by the governor and council; but the adjutant-general shall perform the duties of quartermaster-general until otherwise directed by law. The major-generals and brigadier-generals and the commanding officers of regiments and battalions shall appoint their respective staff-officers; and all military officers shall be commissioned by the governor.

SEC. 4. The militia, as divided into divisions, brigades, regiments, battalions, and companies, pursuant to the laws now in force, shall remain so organized until the same shall be altered by the legislature.

SEC. 5. Persons of the denomination of Quakers and Shakers, justices of the supreme judicial court, and ministers of the gospel, may be exempted from military duty; but no other person, of the age of eighteen and under the age of forty-five years, excepting officers of the militia who have been honorably discharged, shall be so exempted, unless he shall pay an equivalent, to be fixed by law.

ARTICLE VIII.

LITERATURE.

A general diffusion of the advantages of education being essential to the preservation of the rights and liberties of the people, to promote this important object, the legislature are authorized, and it shall be their duty, to require the several towns to make suitable provision, at their own expense, for the support and maintenance of public schools, and it shall further be their duty to encourage and suitably endow, from time to time, as the circumstances of the people may authorize, all academies, colleges, and seminaries of learning within the State: Provided, That no donation, grant, or endowment shall at any time be made by the legislature to any literary institution now established, or which may hereafter be established, unless, at the time of making such endowment, the legislature of the State shall have the right to grant any further powers to alter, limit, or restrain any of the powers vested in any such literary institution as shall be judged necessary to promote the best interests thereof.

ARTICLE IX.

GENERAL PROVISIONS.

SECTION 1. Every person elected or appointed to either of the places or offices provided in this constitution, and every person elected, appointed, or commissioned to any judicial, executive, military, or other office under this State, shall, before he enter on the discharge of the duties of his place or office, take and subscribe the following oath or affirmation: “I, do swear that I will support the Constitution of the United States and of this State, so long as I shall continue a citizen thereof: So help me God." "I,, do swear that I will faithfully discharge, to the best of my abilities, the duties incumbent on me as according to the constitu

tion and the laws of the State: So help me God." Provided, That an affirmation in the above forms may be substituted, when the persons shall be conscientiously scrupulous of taking and subscribing an oath.

The oaths or affirmations shall be taken and subscribed by the governor and councillors before the presiding officer of the senate, in the presence of both houses of the legislature, and by the senators and representatives before the governor and council, and by the residue of said officers before such person as shall be prescribed by the legislature; and whenever the governor or any councillor shall not be able to attend, during the session of the legislature, to take and subscribe said oaths or affirmations, such oaths or affirmations may be taken and subscribed, in the recess of the legislature, before any justice of the supreme judicial court: Provided, That the senators and representatives first elected under this constitution shall take and subscribe such oaths or affirmations before the president of the convention.

SEC. 2. No person holding the office of justice of the supreme judicial court or of any inferior court, attorney-general, county attorney, treasurer of the State, adjutantgeneral, judge of probate, register of probate, register of deeds, sheriffs or their deputies, clerks of the judicial courts, shall be a member of the legislature; and any person holding either of the foregoing offices, elected to and accepting a seat in the Congress of the United States, shall thereby vacate said office; and no person shall be capable of holding or exercising at the same time, within this State, more than one of the offices before mentioned.

SEC. 3. All commissions shall be in the name of the State, signed by the governor, attested by the secretary or his deputy, and have the seal of the State thereto affixed. SEC. 4. And in case the elections required by this constitution on the first Wednesday of January, annually, by the two houses of the legislature, shall not be completed on that day, the same may be adjourned from day to day until completed, in the following order: The vacancies in the senate shall first be filled; the governor shall then be elected, if there be no choice by the people; and afterwards the two houses shall elect the council.

SEC. 5. Every person holding any civil office under this State may be removed, by impeachment, for misdemeanor in office; and every person holding any office may be removed by the governor, with the advice of the council, on the address of both branches of the legislature. But, before such address shall pass either house, the causes of removal shall be stated and entered on the journal of the house in which it originated, and a copy thereof served on the person in office, that he may be admitted to a hearing in his defence.

SEC. 6. The tenure of all offices, which are not or shall not be otherwise provided for, shall be during the pleasure of the governor and council.

SEC. 7. While the public expenses shall be assessed on polls and estates, a general valuation shall be taken at least once in ten years.

SEC. 8. All taxes upon real estate, assessed by authority of this State, shall be apportioned and assessed equally, according to the just value thereof.

ARTICLE X.

SCHEDULE.

SECTION 1. The first legislature shall meet on the last Wednesday in May next. The elections on the second Monday in September, annually, shall not commence until the year one thousand eight hundred and twenty-one, and, in the mean time, the election for governor, senators, and representatives shall be on the first Monday in April, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty; and at this election the same proceedings shall be had as are required at the elections provided for in this constitution, on the second Monday in September, annually, and the lists of the votes for the governor and senators shall be transmitted by the town and plantation clerks, respectively, to the secretary of state pro tempore, seventeen days at least before the last Wednesday in May next; and the president of the convention shall, in presence of the secretary of state pro tempore, open and examine the attested copies of said lists, so returned for senators, and shall have all the powers and be subject to all the duties in ascertaining, notifying, and summoning the senators who appear to be elected, as the governor and council have, and are subject to, by this constitution: Provided, He shall notify said senators fourteen days at least before the

last Wednesday in May, and vacancies shall be ascertained and filled in the manner herein provided; and the senators to be elected on the said first Monday of April shall be apportioned as follows:

The county of York shall elect three; the county of Cumberland shall elect three; the county of Lincoln shall elect three; the county of Hancock shall elect two; the county of Washington shall elect one; the county of Kennebec shall elect three; the county of Oxford shall elect two; the county of Somerset shall elect two; the county of Penobscot shall elect one.

And the members of the house of representatives shall be elected, ascertained, and returned in the same manner as herein provided at elections on the second Monday of September; and the first house of representatives shall consist of the following number, to be elected as follows:

County of York.-The towns of York and Wells may each elect two representatives, and each of the remaining towns may elect one.

County of Cumberland.-The town of Portland may elect three representatives; North Yarmouth, two; Brunswick, two; Gorham, two; Freeport and Pownal, two; Raymond and Otisfield, one; Bridegton, Baldwin, and Harrison, one; Poland and Danville, one; and each remaining town, one.

County of Lincoln.-The towns of Georgetown and Phippsburgh may elect one representative; Lewiston and Wales, one; Saint George, Cushing, and Friendship, one; Hope and Appleton Ridge, one; Jefferson, Putnam, and Patricktown Plantation, one; Alba and Whitefield, one; Montville, Palermo, and Montville Plantation, one; Woolwich and Dresden, one; and each remaining town, one.

County of Hancock.-The town of Bucksport may elect one representative; Deer Island, one; Castine and Brooksville, one; Orland and Penobscot, one; Mount Desert and Eden, one; Vinalhaven and Isleborough, one; Sedgwick and Blue Hill, one; Gouldsborough, Sullivan, and Plantations Nos. 8 and 9, north of Sullivan, one; Surry, Ellsworth, Trenton, and Plantation of Mariaville, one; Lincolnville, Searsmont, and Belmont, one; Belfast and Northport, one; Prospect and Swanville, one; Frankfort and Monroe, one; Knox, Brooks, Jackson, and Thorndike, one.

County of Washington.-The towns of Steuben, Cherryfield, and Harrington may elect one representative; Addison, Columbia, and Jonesborough, one; Machias, one; Lubec, Dennysville, Plantations No. 9, No. 10, No. 11, No. 12, one; Eastport, one; Perry, Robinson, Calais, Plantations No. 3, No. 6, No. 7, No. 15, and No. 16, one. County of Kennebec.-The towns of Belgrade and Dearborn may elect one representative; Chesterville, Vienna, and Rome, one; Wayne and Fayette, one; Temple and Wilton, one; Winslow and China, one; Fairfax and Freedom, one; Unity, Joy, and Twenty-five Mile Pond Plantation, one; Harlem and Malta, one; and each remaining town, one.

County of Oxford.-The towns of Dixfield, Mexico, Weld, and Plantations Nos. I and 4, may elect one representative; Jay and Hartford, one; Livermore, one; Rumford, East Andover, and Plantations Nos. 7 and 8, one; Turner, one; Woodstock, Paris, and Greenwood, one; Hebron and Norway, one; Gilead, Bethel, Newry, Albany, and Howard's Gore, one; Porter, Hiram, and Brownfield, one; Waterford, Sweden, and Lovell, one; Denmark, Fryeburgh, and Fryeburgh Addition, one; Buckfield and Sumner, one.

County of Somerset.-The town of Fairfield may elect one representative; Norridgwock and Bloomfield, one; Starks and Mercer, one; Industry, Strong, and New Vineyard, one; Avon, Phillips, Freeman, and Kingfield, one; Anson, New Portland, Embden, and Plantation No. 1, one; Canaan, Warsaw, Palmyra, Saint Albans, and Corinna, one; Madison, Solon, Bingham, Moscow, and Northhill, one; Cornville, Athens, Harmony, Ripley, and Warrenstown, one.

County of Penobscot.-The towns of Hampden and Newburgh may elect one representative; Orrington, Brewer, and Eddington, and plantations adjacent, on the east. side of Penobscot River, one; Bangor, Orono, and Sunkhaze Plantation, one; Dixmont, Newport, Carmel, Hermon, Stetson, and Plantation No. 4, in the 6th range, one; Levant, Corinth, Exeter, New Charleston, Blakesburgh, Plantation No. 1, in 3d range, and Plantation No. 1, in 4th range, one; Dexter, Garland, Guilford, Sanger