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1st. The same sign is employed to represent several different sounds.

The sign or letter a stands for the element ā in the word ale.

For å in arm.

For ǎ in at.

For a in all.

And for ŏ in what.

The letter e stands for the element ē in the word we.

For è in met.

For a in grey.

For ĕ in marine.

The letter i stands for i in the word vile.

For i in fit.

And for u in bird, virtue, &c.

The letter o stands for ō in the word roll.

For ö or oo in move, who, bosom, &c.

For น in wolf.

For ŏ in pot.

For u in cover, one, &c.

For I in women.

The letter u stands for u in the word duty.

For ս in full.

For ĕ in bury.

For u in but.

And for i in business.

Vowel element in the word 'duty.' And these tables will read as nonsense unless the reader first make himself acquainted with the sound intended to be represented by each sign.

This he will easily do by referring to the Table of Elements, and learning the sound of each element by observing the sign for the true sound of the vowel element in the well known syllables Ale, arm, all, at, &c., as they are rightly pronounced.

Unless this caution be carefully observed, the reader will do much better to omit these tables entirely, which are designed merely to show the imperfections of our alphabet, and the eccentricities of English pronunciation.

And 2dly. The same element is represented by different

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And formerly by Æ in Æolian, and by ce in ceconomy,

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But in order to construct our exercises we use the signs as indicated in the Table of Elements, and proceed to form syllables, by placing successively before all the vowel elements each sub-vowel and aspirate (excepting 'ng,' which is only a final sound). This gives us the syllables.

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CHAPTER IV.

EXERCISES IN ARTICULATION.

EXERCISE No. 1.

A ä a ǎ, ē ě, i Ĭ, ō oo ŏ, ù ù ụ, ou, oi.

Bà bä bạ bă, bè bè, bị bị, bò boo bò, bù bù bụ, bou, boi.
Dã dã dạ dã, dễ dè, di di, do doo dò, dù dù dụ, dou, doi.
Gã giã gạ gã, gẽ gẽ, gĩ gì, gõ goo gõ, gã gã gụ, gou, gọi.
Vā vä vạ Vă, vẽ vẽ, vì vĩ, võ voo võ, vũ vũ vụ, vou, voi.
Thà thả thạ thă, the the, thì thi, thò theo thổ, thù thủ thụ, thou, thoi.
Zā zä zạ ză, zē zě, zi zi, zō zoo zo, zũ ză zụ, zou, zoi.
Zhā zhä zhạ zhă, zhē zhě, zhi zhĩ, zhō zhoo zhō, zhū zhŭ zhụ,
zhou, zhoi.

Jā jä ja jā, jē jě, jí jí, jō joo jõ, jū jù ju, jou, joi.

Xã xã xạ xã, xè xè, xĪ x1, xĀ 200 xÖ, xã xã cụ, xou, xoi.

Wā wa wa wă, wẽ wě, wi wi, wō woo wo, wù wù wụ, wou, woi. Lā là lạ lă, lẽ lẽ, li li, là loo lò, lũ lũ lụ, lou, loi.

Rã rã ra rã, rẽ rẽ, rõ rĩ, rõ roo rõ, rũ rũ rụ, rou, roi.
Mã mả mạ mã, mẽ mẽ, mĩ mi, mõ moo mồ, mũ mũ mụ, mou,
Nă në nạ nă, ně ně, ni nì, nō noo no, nũ nù nụ, nou, noi.

moi.

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