246 Foreign Honorary Members. Dr. Friedrich von Bodenstedt, Knight of the Order of Maximilian of Bavaria. H.I.H. Prince Louis Lucien Bonaparte. M. Georges Bouet, of Caen, in Normandy. Il Duca di Castel-Brolo. General Count Palma di Cesnola. M. Chabas, Correspondant de L'Institut de France. M. Charma, Hon. F.S.A. Count Giovanni Cittadella, of Padua. Le Chevalier Don Antonio Lopez de Cordoba, Member of the Royal Spanish Academy of History, etc. Dr. Karl Friedrich Elze, Member of the University of Leipsic, Master of the Ducal Gymnasium at Dessau, etc. M. le Comte Alexandre Foucher de Cariel. M. Clermont Ganneau, Drogman de l'Ambassade de France à Constantinople. Il Cav. Filippo Gargallo Grimaldi. Cavalier Atilio Hortis, of Trieste. The Rev. Jean Humbert, Professor of Arabic in the Academy of Geneva, Member of the Asiatic Society of Paris, etc. Baron Von Köhne, late Directeur-Adjoint du Musée de l'Ermitage, St. Petersburg. Dr. C. Leemans, F.S.A., Director of the Leyden Museum, etc., etc. Dr. Karl Richard Lepsius, Professor of the University and Chief Librarian of the Royal Library, Berlin. M. Mordtmann, Hanseatic Chargé d'Affaires at Constantinople, etc. Max Müller, M.A., Fellow of All Souls' College, and Professor of Comparative Philology in the University of Oxford. 247 His Royal Highness the Reigning Grand-Duke of Oldenburg. M. Oppert. Reinhold Pauli, D.C.L., LL.D., Ph.D., Professor of History in the University at Göttingen. A. R. Rangabé, Professor of Archæology in the University of Athens. Leopold Ranke, LL.D. Dr. H. Schliemann, Phil.D., F.S.A., etc. Count Serge Stroganoff, President of the Imperial Commission of M. Tributien, Keeper of the Library, Caen, Normandy. FORM OF A BEQUEST OF MONEY, STOCK, OR OTHER PERSONAL ESTATE. I give and bequeath to " The Royal Society of Literature of the United Kingdom" the sum of £ [If of Stock or other Personal Estate, to be described.] THE ETHNOLOGY OF MODERN MIDIAN. BY RICHARD F. BURTON, M.R.A.S. (Read June 23rd, 1880.) PART I. Notices of the Tribes of Midian, viz. :— (I.) Huwaytát; (II.) Beni 'Ukbah; (III.) Magáni or Maknáwis; (IV.) Ma 'ázah ; (V.) Baliyy, and (VI.) Hutaym. THE land of "Madyan" (Proper) as the Arabs universally call it, or "North Midian," as I have proposed to term it, is the region extending from Fort El-'Akabah, at the head of the gulf of the same name (N. lat. 29° 28'), to Fort El-Muwaylah, (N. lat. 27° 40′). This tract, measuring a latitudinal length of 108 miles (dir. geog.), contains three distinct tribes of Bedawin, viz. : Huwáytat Beni 'Ukbah bounded east by the Ma'ázah. They have been called Egypto-Arabs; but it must be noted that while the Beni 'Ukbah, like the Ma'ázah, have spread from Arabia to Egypt, the Huwaytát and most of the Maknáwi have migrated out of Egypt into Arabia; all have in fact trodden, during past centuries, in inverse directions, that great nomadic highway, the Isthmus of Suez. As VOL. XII. S a rule, those who settled in the Nile Valley, extended their branches over Northern Africa, and some reached even to utmost Morocco. The district of about the same latitudinal extent, from El-Muwaylah to, the great Wady Hamz (N. lat. 25° 55′ 15′′), where Egypt ends, and where the Hejaz, the Holy Land of the Moslems, begins, I propose to call "South Midian," in lieu of the confused terms locally used. This district, measuring 105 miles (dir. geog.), contains two chief tribes :— Huwaytát bounded east by the 'Anezah, and Baliyy south by the Juhaynah. We may fitly compare these tribes with the Semitic families scattered over North-western Arabia in the days of the Hebrews, such as the Moabites and Ammonites, the Amalekites, the Kenites, and a host of others. But I would observe, in limine, that none of the peoples now inhabiting the land of Midian represent that gallant race, the Midianites of old. From the earliest times of El-Islam they have been held a "mixed (or impure) multitude (Khaltun min el-Nás); in fact, oi čśw. Yet they cannot be called modern; two of them have la charme des origines, dating from at least as far back as the days of the Byzantine Empire. These two, the Beni 'Ukbah and the Baliyy, claim, as will be seen, noble blood, Himyaritic and Kahtaníyah (Joktanite). The Huwaytát and the Maknáwis are called Nuttát El-Hayt ("Wall-jumpers"), an opprobrious term applied by the Bedawi, pur sang, to villagers or settled Arabs. The Nejdi 'Anezah and the Hejázi Juhaynah will not be noticed, as they live beyond the limits of "Midian," in its most |