Third Regiment of Ohio Volunteers. In anticipation of the War of 1812, a call was made on the Governor of Ohio for a draft of militia and volunteers for the service of the United States. Colonel Kingsbury, of the First Regiment of United States Infantry, was designated as the commander of the force, and was ordered to Washington to receive his instructions. Sickness at that place prevented his assuming the post, and General William Hull, who bad acquired a high reputation in the Revolutionary War, and who was then at Washington,

Larned, to Colonel Sylvester Larned of Detroit in 1833, with the promise it should not be made public until the last survivor should die. The last survivor was David Cooper of Detroit, many years ago.

After the death of Mr. Cooper, Colonel Sylvester Larned placed the original Round Robin in the possession of Hon. B. F. H. Witherell, President of the Detroit Historical Society, and it cannot now be found.

This conspiracy was defeated by the perfidy of one of the number.

Lewis Cass was the second Governor of the Territory of Michigan. As its executive he governed wisely for seventeen years, taking the position in 1813 and continuing until 1830. His sword has helped to win freedom to the great Northwest. He was the fifth citizen to represent the young State in the Senate of the Nation, and in that high station he served for twelve years. He was called to the cabinet of President Jackson, and held the portfolio of war four years, and was then transferred to the French court as envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary, which place he graced for six years. His wisdom and discretion prevented trouble between the two countries, and restored friendly relations. While at this post he prevented the ratification of the Quin

lishment of the right of search on the high seas, so strenuously asserted by England. As Secretary of State he served nearly four years, resigning in the year 1861, a few weeks prior to the close of the administration of President Buchanan.

The official life of Lewis Cass embraces a period of fifty-seven years of service as legislator, soldier, executive, cabinet officer, and diplomat. But one citizen, John Quincy Adams, exceeded that length of service.

Although he was approaching the age of life when shadows foretell the nearness of evening, his days were prolonged that he might see the flag for which he had given his early manhood triumphant, the Union he had loved so well reestablished, and again form one of the main bulwarks of our civilization.

THE E

COLONEL FRANCIS NAVARRE.

HE above gentleman, the first white settler the banks of the River Raisin, was born in Detroit in 1767. His father, Robert Navarre, was of a family illustrious in the early days of the colonies. The family trace back in an unbroken line their ancestry to Antoine de Bourbon, Duke de Vendome, father of Henry the Fourth. His father, Robert Navarre, was a very handsome man, with courtly manners, most engaging and charming in conversation, and blessed like all the French of that period, with an exceptionally large family.

Francis and Marie (Suzor) Navarre were married November 9, 1790. Their children were: Robert F. Navarre, born September 2, 1791; married Miss Du Chane, of Monroe. Francis Navarre, born December 8, 1792; married Miss Mettez, of Monroe. David Navarre, father of Frank Navarre, of Monroe, married the daughter of Colonel Francis Lasselle, now and for so many years connected with the Lake Shore Railway. Victoria Navarre married Hon. James J. Godfroy, of Monroe. Joseph G. Navarre, born December 3, 1795; married Miss Martin of Monroe. Mario Archange Navarre, born April 6, 1794; Julia Navarre, born December 18, 1796; Hessalotte Navarre, born June 15, 1798; Paul or Perti Navarre; Roselle Navarre. Samuel Navarre had one son, Charles F.; and two daughters, of whom the elder married Charles Morris, of Monroe; the younger Mr. Reswick, of Toledo, connected with railroads. Joseph G. Navarre, fourth son of Colonel Francis, was intended by his father for the priesthood, and spent seven years at the Catholic Institute at Bardstown, Kentucky, preparing for orders; but before completing his studies for the priesthood, entered as a law student the office of Hon. William Woodbridge, of Detroit. While there he was called home by the sickness and death of his father, and was occupied a number of years in administer

ing and closing up the estate. He then ceased pursuing his studies, settled upon the farm south of and adjoining the city of Monroe; owned and occupied it up to the time of his death, which farm is now owned and occupied by his son, Alexander T. Navarre. Eliza Ann, daughter of Joseph G., married John Brevoort, of Detroit Mary T., daughter of Joseph G., married John D. Machin, of Pittsburgh, Pa. J. B. F. Navarre, son of Joseph G., married Miss Sweet; entered the United States army; was wounded at the battle of Bull Run; was by profession an engineer, attained prominence in his profession, and at the time it was discovered that the Washington Monument was settling performed the wonderful enterprise of laying the second foundation; now resides at Portland, Oregon.

Charles F. Navarre, grandson of Colonel Francis, and son of Samuel, is a farmer residing in Washington Territory, and is owner of a large ranch therein.

Ignatius, son of Colonel Francis Navarre, enlisted in the engineer department of the United States army. When the War of the Rebellion closed, he sought Washington Territory for his future home; followed his profession as a civil engineer; was many years engaged in surveying the lands of the Territory— studied and practiced law successfully, and was honored for years with the office of Judge of Probate.

Alexander Touissant Navarre, grandson of Colonel Francis Navarre and son of Joseph G. Navarre, was born in Monroe, married Marietta, the daughter of Ezekiel A. Peltier, a merchant of Monroe, May 5, 1868; entered the Union Army; remained therein twenty months; has been honored with the office of supervisor of Monroe a number of years; has also been elected treasurer of Monroe county, and discharged the duties with credit to himself and his constituents, and now resides on the

Colonel Francis Navarre, in the year 1780, bargained for the right, title and interest of the Pottawatomie tribe of Indians, represented by five chiefs, to the farm on the south bank of the Namet Cybi, so called by the Indians because of the great quantity of sturgeon caught therein, but called by the French River Aux Raisins (the French for grapes) from the profusion of grapevines which lined the banks of the river on either side. As late as the years 1843 and 1844 they were growing on the banks west of Monroe, and in great profusion on the Saline and Macon streams, tributary to the River Raisin in the western part of the county, where the forest trees had not yielded to the woodman's axe, growing on the tops of the tallest forest trees. Some of the vines were from six to eight inches through. After climbing to the tops of trees branches dropped to the ground, which again took root and made a perfect mat of vines, filled with clusters, and annually before the "vine casteth her fruit" their appearance was highly picturesque. The original deed executed by the Indian chiefs was written in the French language, and is yet in the hands of Alexander Navarre, one of the grandchildren of Colonel Francis Navarre. A translation into English I procured as a rare curiosity, a copy of which is hereto annexed:

We, the principal chiefs of the village of the Pottawatomies, to wit: Askiby, Mongo-agon, Minguinan, and Ona-oni-attenne, Nana-onito, Sac-co-ni-binne, as well in our names as by the consent of our village, declare that of our good will we have conceded to Francis Navarre, surnamed Tchigoy, and to James, his brother (both our allies), all the extension of land which belongs to us upon the bank of the River Raisin, formerly called Namet Cybi, commencing to take from the river road (as filed in court) to the end of the prairie, going up the stream Namet Cybi, allowing more or less twenty acres in width by eighty or one hundred in depth; the whole may be determined by a liue lengthwise south and a league north in width, going up the River Namet Cybi, in order to possess on the whole in all propriety and perpetuity by themselves and their repre

This grant of land from the Indian tribe of Pottawatomies was subsequently ratified by Henry Bassett, commanding at Detroit, in presence of George McDougall, and afterwards confirmed by General Gage.

Two of his brothers, Robert, born in 1764, and Jacques, born in 1760, at Detroit, within three years followed their brother Francis to and settled upon the south bank of the River Raisin, east of the farm of their brother.

Colonel Francis Navarre was one of the first grand jurors at the first court held in Frenchtown, September 2, 1805; colonel in the War of 1812 and 1813, and what is a little remarkable thirty-six Navarres were enlisted and fought in his regiment. He built on his farm the first log house erected on the river, of square hewn timber, fifty feet front, which was the headquarters of Generals Wayne, Winchester and St. Clair, and was occupied as headquarters by General Winchester at the time of the massacre on the River Raisin in 1813, and is now the site of the elegant mansion of Doctor A. I. Sawyer.

Colonel Navarre was thoroughly conversant with the language, peculiar habits and mode of warfare of the savages, and spoke with facility and ease several of their languages. He was captured at Brownstown, whither he had gone in advance of Colonel Richard M. Johnson to negotiate with the Indians; was taken as a prisoner to Sandwich, but fortunately escaped. He was the personal friend of Generals Wayne, Winchester, St. Clair, Cass, McComb and Judge Woodward, and his correspondence with several of them has been preserved. It was soon after his settlement on the River Raisin, stated by some as in the year 1783 and by

others in 1786, that riding on his French pony, following the Indian trail, he brought from Detroit several scions about the size of one's little finger of the French pear, which trees have since become famous for their delicious fruit. A number of the trees are now vigorous and healthy, annually yielding from thirty to forty bushels.

I have frequently listened with great interest to the narratives of Robert, the eldest son of Colonel Francis Navarre, of the incidents that occurred at the time of the barbarous massacre of the River Raisin in January, 1813. Then a young man in his twenty first year, he distinctly remembered being aroused by his father at midnight; of going up the stairs and arousing General Winchester and his staff, who wore somewhat bewildered, as they could distinctly hear from the battle field the sharp crack of the rifle, reports of musketry and booming of cannon. The report that General Winchester, with his officers, had, the evening previous to the attack, retired from a frolic under the influeneo of liquor, and were thereby incapacitated for duty, is without foundation. The general repaired in hasto to the barn, leaving his uniform coat behind him in the house, mounted Colonel Navarre's horse and rode to the field of battle.

The night after the massacre Colonel Na varre dispatched his son Robert, with his mother and eleven children, on a French train to Detroit for safety, the train being so crowded that Robert rode with his feet braced on the thills or shafts. As they passed the quarters of Colonel Proctor on Sandy Creek, where Proctor's forces encamped the first night after the battle, he witnessed the drunken Indians scalping the wounded American prisoners and their inhuman and barbarous manner of accomplishing it - by cutting with a butcher knite a circle around the crown of the head, and then placing one foot on the neck of the prisoner, with their hands in the hair, by main force peeling the scalp from the head. This Robert Navarre, who died in Monroe, was the last of the survivors in our vicinity of the soldiers of the War of 1812 and 1813.

I am under great obligations to the treasurer of our county, the Hon. Alexander Navarre, the grandson of Colonel Francis Navarre, who has in his possession the original files of the accounts, statements and settlements between

him and merchants and fur traders of those early days. I was surprised, in perusing them, to learn the vast amount of money represented therein, and to see the methodical and accurate manner in which the statements and accounts were kept, and the very neat and legible handwriting, which would favorably compare with the statements of the best accountants of the present day.

Colonel Navarre was highly esteemed by Governor St. Clair, General McComb, Governor Lewis Cass, Judge Woodward and General Winchester, and a number more of distinguished men of his time, judging from the commissions to him and the voluminous correspondence with those gentlemen, which are pervaded with very strong expressions of friendship and great confidence in his patriotism and bravery. Believing the perusal of a small portion of them would interest the citi zens of Monroe, I have procured translations of a small number and annex them hereto, with a copy of the orignal letter written in English by General Winchester to Colonel Francis Navarre, in which he gives expression of gratitude and thanks to Mrs. Navarre for preserving his watch, spectacles and pen-knife from the general wreck and destruction of property, on the morning of his defeat and hasty de parture from her hospitable home.

Lewis Cass, Governor of the Territory of Michigan, to all who shall see these presents, greeting:

Know ye that reposing special trust and confidence in the integrity, diligence and ability of Francis Navarre, of the County of Monroe, in the said Territory of Michigan, Esquire, I do hereby appoint him to be an Associate Justice of the County Court of said County of Monroe, in said Territory of Michigan, and do authorize him to execute and fulfill the duties of that office according to law, to have and to hold the said office with all the powers, privileges and emoluments to the same of right appertaining, from the day of the date hereof, during the pleasure of the Governor of Michigan for the time being.

In testimony whercof, I have caused these letters to be made and the seal of said Territory of Michigan to be hereunto affixed. Given under my hand at Detroit, in the Territory aforesaid,