of any supervisor who has been elected, and whose term of office has not expired. No change in the boundaries of any supervisor district shall be made within ninety days next preceding a general election.

Sec. 17. Whenever a vacancy occurs in the board of supervisors of a county, the governor shall fill the vacancy, and the appointee shall hold office until the election and qualification of his successor. In such case the election of a supervisor shall be held at the next general election to fill the vacancy for the unexpired term, unless such term expires on the first Monday after the first day of January succeeding said election.

Sec. 18. The supervisors shall elect a chairman, who shall preside at all meetings of the board, and in case of his absence or inability to act, the members present must, by an order entered on their records, select one of their number to act as chairman temporarily. Any member of the board may administer oaths, when necessary in the performance of his official duties. A majority of the members of the board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and no act of the board shall be valid or binding unless a majority of all the members concur therein.

Sec. 19. The county clerk is ex-officio clerk of the board of supervisors. The records and minutes of the board must be signed by the chairman and the clerk.

CLERK OF THE BOARD.

Sec. 20. The clerk of the board must:

1. Record all the proceedings of the board.

2. Make full entries of all their resolutions and decisions on all questions concerning the raising of money for and the allowance of accounts against the county.

3. Record the vote of each member on any question upon which there is a division, or at the request of any member present.

4. Immediately after the adjournment of each meeting of the board, certify all demands allowed and orders made for the payment of money, giving the amount and date of each demand, or order, and the date of the allowance thereof, which demands, or orders, shall be countersigned

by the chairman of the board, and thereafter said clerk shall deliver to and leave the same with the auditor.

5. File and preserve the reports of the county treasurer of the receipts and disbursements of the county.

6. Preserve and file a memorandum of all accounts acted upon by the board.

7. Preserve and file all petitions and applications for franchises, and record the action of the board thereon.

8. Authenticate with his signature and seal of the board the proceedings of the board, whenever the same shall be ordered published.

9. Authenticate with his signature and the seal of the board, all ordinances passed by the board, and to record the same at length in the "Ordinance Book."

10. Record all orders levying taxes; and,

11. Perform all other duties required by law, or any rule or order of the board.

Sec. 21. The board must cause to be kept:

1. A "Minute Book," in which shall be entered the daily proceedings had at all regular and special meetings, and all orders and decisions made by them, except such as are required to be recorded in the "Road," "Franchise," or "Ordinance" books.

2. An "Allowance Book," in which must be recorded all orders for the allowance of money, from the county treasury, to whom made, and on what account, dating, numbering, and indexing the same through each year.

3. A "Road Book," containing all proceedings and adjudications relating to the establishment, maintenance, change, and discontinuance of roads and road districts.

4. A "Franchise Book," containing all franchises granted, by them, and all proceedings had in relation thereto.

5. A "Warrant Book," to be kept by the county auditor, in which must be entered, in the order of drawing, all warrants drawn on the treasury, with their number, and reference to the order on the minute book, with the date, amount, on what account, and name of payee.

6. An "Ordinance Book," in which must be entered all ordinances duly passed by the board.

Sec. 22. The board of supervisors must, by .ordinance, provide for the holding of regular meetings of the board at the county seat.

Sec. 23. A special meeting may be ordered by a majority of the board. The order must be signed by the members calling such meeting, and must be entered in the minutes. Five days' notice of such meeting must be given by the clerk, personally or by mail, to the members not joining in the order. The order must specify the business to be transacted at such special meeting, and none other shall be transacted.

Sec. 24. All meetings of the board must be public, and the books, records, and accounts of the board must be kept at the office of the clerk, open at all times for public inspection.

GENERAL PERMANENT POWERS OF BOARDS.

Sec. 25. The boards of supervisors, in their respective counties, shall have jurisdiction and power, under such limitations and restrictions as are prescribed by law:

1. To supervise the official conduct of all county officers, and officers of all districts and other subdivisions of the county charged with the assessing, collecting, safe-keeping, management, or disbursement of the public revenues; to see that they faithfully perform their duties, direct prosecutions for delinquencies, and, when necessary, require them to renew their official bonds, make reports and present their books and accounts for inspection.

2. To divide the counties into townships, election, school, road, supervisor, sanitary, and other districts required by law, change the same, and create others, as convenience requires.

3. To establish, abolish, and change election precincts, and to appoint inspectors and judges of election, canvass all election returns, declare the result, and order tho county clerk to issue certificates thereof; but no election precinct shall be established or abolished, or the boundaries of any precinct changed, within ninety days prior to any election.

4. To lay out, maintain, control, construct, repair, and manage public roads, turnpikes, ferries, wharves, chutes, and other shipping facilities and bridges within the county, unless otherwise provided by law, and to grant franchises

and licenses to collect tolls thereon; provided, where the cost of the construction of any bridge, wharf, chute, or other shipping facilities that may be built under the provisions of this subdivision exceeds the sum of five hundred dollars, they must cause to be prepared and must adopt plans and specifications, strain sheets, and working details, and must advertise for bids for the construction of such bridge, wharves, chutes, or other shipping facilities, unless otherwise provided by law, in accordance with the plans and specifications so adopted. All bidders shall be afforded opportunity to examine such plans and specifications, and said board shall award the contract to the lowest responsible bidder, and the plans and specifications so adopted shall be attached to and become a part of the contract; and the person or corporation to whom the contract is awarded shall be required to execute a bond, to be approved by said board, for the faithful performance of such contract; provided, that after the submission of the bids as herein provided, the board of supervisors being advised by the county surveyor that the work can be done for a sum less than the lowest responsible bid, it shall then be their privilege to reject all bids and to order the work done or structure built by day's work, under the supervision and control of the said surveyor; provided further, that the surveyor in such cases shall be held personally responsible, under his official bond, to construct said bridge or structure, according to his plans and specifications, at a cost not to exceed the amount of the lowest responsible bid received; provided, that the road commissioners or road overseers in their respective districts shall employ all labor required and direct the conduct of work of any kind upon any and all public roads; provided further, that in cases of great emergency, by the unanimous consent of the whole board, they may proceed at once to replace or repair any and all bridges and structures without notice.

5. To construct or lease, officer and maintain, hospitals and poorhouses, or otherwise, in their discretion, provide for the care and maintenance of the indigent siek or dependent poor of the county; and for such purposes to levy the necessary property or poll taxes, or both. The board of supervisors shall appoint some suitable person to take care of and maintain such hospitals and poorhouses, and shall also appoint some suitable graduate or graduates in medicine to attend to such indigent sick or dependent

poor, and to the patients in such hospitals and poorhouses. The board shall not let the care, maintenance, or attendance of such indigent sick or dependent poor by contract to the lowest bidder.

6. To provide a farm, in connection with the county hospital, or poorhouse, and make regulations for working the same.

7. To purchase, receive by donation, or lease any real or personal property or water rights necessary for use of the county, and to purchase or otherwise acquire necessary real estate upon which to sink wells to obtain water for sprinkling roads, and other county purposes, and to erect thereon tanks and reservoirs for the storage of water for such purposes, and to erect pumping apparatus for obtaining the same, to preserve, to take of, and manage and control the same; but no purchase of real property shall be made unless a notice of the intention of the board to make such purchase, describing the property to be purchased, the price to be paid therefor, from whom it is proposed to be purchased, and fixing the time when the board will meet to consummate such purchase, has been published for at least three weeks in some newspaper of general circulation, published in the county; or if none be published in the county, then has been posted at least three weeks prior to the time when the board meets to consummate such purchase, in at least three public places in each supervisor district.

8. To cause to be erected or rebuilt, or furnished, a courthouse, jail, hospital, and such other public buildings as may be necessary, or to provide suitable buildings for such purposes. None of the aforesaid buildings shall be erected or constructed until the plans and specifications have been made therefor and adopted by the board. All such buildings must be erected by contract, let to the lowest responsible bidder, after notice by publication in a newspaper of general circulation published in such county, for at least thirty days. In case there is no newspaper published in such county, then such notice shall be given by posting in three public places.

9. To sell at public auction, at the courthouse door, or at such other place within the county, as the board may, by a four-fifths vote, order, after thirty days' notice, given either by publication in a newspaper published in the county, or by posting in five public places in the county,