Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science from the Bottom UpBrookings Institution Press, 11 de out. de 1996 - 208 páginas ""Growing Artificial Societies" is a milestone in social science research. It vividly demonstrates the potential of agent-based computer simulation to break disciplinary boundaries. It does this by analyzing in a unified framework the dynamic interactions of such diverse activities as trade, combat, mating, culture, and disease. It is an impressive achievement." -- Robert Axelrod, University of Michigan How do social structures and group behaviors arise from the interaction of individuals? "Growing Artificial Societies" approaches this question with cutting-edge computer simulation techniques. Fundamental collective behaviors such as group formation, cultural transmission, combat, and trade are seen to "emerge" from the interaction of individual agents following a few simple rules. In their program, named Sugarscape, Epstein and Axtell begin the development of a "bottom up" social science that is capturing the attention of researchers and commentators alike. The study is part of the 2050 Project, a joint venture of the Santa Fe Institute, the World Resources Institute, and the Brookings Institution. The project is an international effort to identify conditions for a sustainable global system in the next century and to design policies to help achieve such a system. "Growing Artificial Societies" is also available on CD-ROM, which includes about 50 animations that develop the scenarios described in the text. "Copublished with the Brookings Institution" |
Conteúdo
Life and Death on the Sugarscape | 21 |
The Agents | 23 |
Artificial Society on the Sugarscape | 26 |
Wealth and Its Distribution in the Agent Population | 32 |
Social Networks of Neighbors | 37 |
Migration | 42 |
Summary | 51 |
Sex Culture and Conflict The Emergence of History | 54 |
Summary and Conclusions | 136 |
Disease Processes | 138 |
Immune System Response | 140 |
Disease Transmission | 145 |
Digital Diseases on the Sugarscape | 147 |
Disease Transmission Networks | 150 |
Conclusions | 153 |
Some Extensions of the Current Model | 162 |
Sexual Reproduction | 55 |
Cultural Processes | 71 |
Combat | 82 |
The ProtoHistory | 92 |
Sugar and Spice Trade Comes to the Sugarscape | 94 |
A Second Commodity | 96 |
Trade Rules | 101 |
Markets of Bilateral Traders | 108 |
Emergent Economic Networks | 130 |
Social Computation Emergent Computation | 133 |
Other Artificial Societies | 165 |
Formal Analysis of Artificial Societies | 176 |
Generative Social Science | 177 |
Looking Ahead | 178 |
Software Engineering Aspects of Artificial Societies | 179 |
Summary of Rule Notation | 182 |
StateDependence of the Welfare Function | 186 |
190 | |
203 | |
Outras edições - Ver todos
Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science from the Bottom Up Joshua M. Epstein,Robert Axtell Prévia não disponível - 1996 |
Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science from the Bottom Up Joshua M. Epstein Prévia não disponível - 2014 |
Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science from the Bottom Up Joshua M. Epstein,Robert Axtell Prévia não disponível - 1996 |
Termos e frases comuns
agent population Agent Vision agent-based modeling agents move Agents Run View allocation Animation artificial society Average Trade Price behavioral rules borrowers carrying capacity cellular automata Chapter combat commodity cultural transmission decentralized Disease Transmission Distribution of Agents Edit Landscape Agents emerge environment equilibrium price Evolution under Rules evolutionary example exchange Figure File Edit Landscape G₁ Gini Coefficient Gini ratio grows back Hamming distance immune system individual infected Landscape Agents Run lattice lenders Logarithm of Average Lorenz curve markets Mathematical maximum metabolism Moore neighborhood movement rule MRSS neoclassical Network statistics position preferences Price under Rule processes produced proto-history Redwood City resource result Rule System Rules G Run View Analysis Santa Fe Institute sexual reproduction simple local rules Simulation social science spatial Standard Deviation sugar and spice sugarscape System G tag string tag-flipping theory tribe Typical Time Series View Analysis Window von Neumann neighborhood W₁ W₂ Walrasian wealth distributions
Passagens mais conhecidas
Página 6 - fundamental social structures and group behaviors emerge from the interaction of individual agents operating on artificial environments under rules that place only bounded demands on each agent's information and computational capacity. The shorthand for this is that we "grow" the collective structures "from the bottom up.
Página 4 - In this approach fundamental social structures and group behaviors emerge from the interaction of individuals operating in artificial environments under rules that place only bounded demands on each agent's information and computational capacity.
Página 4 - aim being to discover fundamental local or micro mechanisms that are sufficient to generate the macroscopic social structures and collective behaviors of interest.
Página 20 - What constitutes an explanation of an observed social phenomenon? Perhaps one day people will interpret the question, "Can you explain it?" as asking "Can you grow it?
Página 4 - people" of artificial societies. Each agent has internal states and behavioral rules. Some states are fixed for the agent's life, while others change through interaction with other agents or with the external environment. For example, in the model to be described below, an agent's
Página 4 - system is a complicated structure containing millions of interacting units, such as individuals, households, and firms. It is these units which actually make decisions about spending and saving, investing and producing, marrying and having children. It seems reasonable to expect that our predictions would
Página 1 - For one, many crucially important social processes are complex. They are not neatly decomposable into separate subprocesses—economic, demographic, cultural, spatial—whose isolated analyses can be aggregated to give an adequate analysis of the social process as a whole. And yet, this is exactly how social science is organized, into more or less insular departments and journals of economics, demography, political science, and so forth.
Página 19 - a more unified social science, one that embeds evolutionary processes in a computational environment that simulates demographics, the transmission of culture, conflict, economics, disease, the emergence of groups, and agent coadaptation with an environment, all from