est ornament, and his country of a fellow-citizen and professor, whose loss could not be repaired throughout all Europe. Every human honor was paid to his remains, and the sorrow of his countrymen was without bounds. A general mourning was ordered at Upsala. To quote the words of their sovereign, they had "lost, alas! a man, whose celebrity was as great all over the world, as the honor was bright which his country derived from him as a citiLong will Upsala remember the celebrity which it acquired by the name of Linnæus!"

zen.

In foreign lands equal regard was paid to his memory. He was eulogised in the Royal Academy by Condorcet and Vicq d' Azyr, and his bust was erected under the highest cedar in the Royal Gardens. Dr. Hope, the Professor of Botany in the University of Edinburgh, had a monument to his name erected in the botanic garden. Many societies have been formed under the auspices of his name, of which the most important was instituted in 1788, by the exertion of the late Sir James (then Dr.) Edward Smith. This possesses the whole library, herbaria, and manuscripts of the illustrious person whom it records. They were purchased by the members, at the demise of their respected founder and president, and they rightly judged that the Linnæan Society of London was the only place where these monuments of his labors and abilities could be with propriety deposited.

Compositæ.

CHRYSANTHEMUM INDICUM.

INDIAN CHRYSANTHEMUM.

Class XIX. SYNGENESIA. Order I. POLYGAMIA, SUPErflua. Gen. Char. Calyx, hemispherical, imbricated. Scales, marginal, membranaceous. Pappus, margined. Receptacle, naked. Spe. Char. Leaves, stem-clasping, oblong; the upper serrate, the lower toothed.

THE root is long, crooked, knotty, tough, externally of a dark brown, and internally of a light cream color; the stem rises from two to three feet in height, somewhat woody, much branched, beset with numerous leaves, bearing some resemblance to those of Mugwort, of a grayish color; the flowers are sweet smelling, and, on being pressed, give forth a very agreeable fragrance; they are produced on the summits of the branches, in a loose sort of cluster, (those which terminate the main stem, grow to the size of a large carnation pink,) of a dark purple color; they are double, or rather between semi-double and double; the florets of the radius at first are perfectly tubular, or quilled, but, as they advance, split gradually downward on the inside, their outside being of a grayish tint, invisible in most of the florets, especially the younger ones, as it gives them a particolored appearance; these florets do not in full occupy the receptacle, leaving room for others in the centre, of a different form, and yellow color, which on examination appear to have their parts perfect, and also those of the radius; the receptacle is beset with membranous paleæ, or chaffy scales, a circumstance which would lead us to consider this plant rather as an Anthemis, than a Chrysanthemum, of which it has the calyx, with the foliage of Mugwort.

Vol. iii.-17

New as this plant is to us, it appears to have been cultivated in China for ages. Linnæus, who describes it in his Species Planter, refers to a figure in the Hortus Malabaricus. His figure and the description accompanying it, agree generally with our plant; but the flowers are more double, much smaller, less clustered, and do not correspond in color, yet there can be no doubt but that our plant is a variety of the same. It is there described as growing in sandy situations, and having green petals.

Rumphius, an ancient author, observes, that these plants were originally brought from China, where they flower in May and June; that there are two sorts principally cultivated in India,the white and the yellow flowered; and a third sort, differing only in the color of its flowers, which are red. The variety here described began to be known among them at Amboyna; but the flowers did not expand well, owing to their being produced at the rainy season, and they decay without producing any seed.

He tells us further, that it is cultivated chiefly for pleasure; that the natives and the Dutch plant it mostly in the borders of their gardens, where it does not thrive as well as when planted in pots; and that, if it remains more than two years in the same spot, it degenerates, becomes less woody, and often wholly perishes; that the Chinese, by whom it is held in high estimation, pay great attention to its culture. They set it in pots and jars, and place it before the windows of their apartments, and at their entertainments decorate their tables with it. On these occasions, he that produces the largest flower, is considered as conferring the greatest honor on his guests. Besides these three varieties already mentioned, they have a fourth, which is still more rare, and whose flowers are of a greenish ash color. All these varieties growing in separate pots, they place in certain quarters, which they particularly wish to decorate; and the effect they produce is highly pleasing. In the cultivation of this plant they spare no pains the shorter it is, and the larger its flowers, the more it is esteemed.