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traffic in ardent spirit in Liberia by law: this might, perhaps, be an expedient measure: but, surely, our countrymen should not denounce us for omitting this measure, until, at least, some one of their own civil governments has set the example-the much needed example, I confess of shutting up, by the strong arm of the law, the rum shops within its jurisdiction."-(See Mr. GERRIT SMITH's Speech, Seventeenth Annual Report, p. vii.)

The deep solicitude of the Board to avert the evils with which ardent spirits threaten the infant establishment under their care, induces them to urge on you to examine immediately, by the lights afforded at the Colony, into the expediency of their excluding from it that pernicious article; and to communicate to them, your opinion when formed, and the reasons for it. To whatever conclusion your own mind, or that of the Board, may ultimately arrive on the question of prohibition, you are requested to put in force, without delay, all available moral influences for persuading the Colonists to abstain from the traffic and use of ardent spirits, except as medicine. The Board take this occasion, through you, most earnestly to invoke all Colonists who are engaged in that traffic, to abandon it at once and forIts continuance opposes formidable obstacles, which gain strength every hour, to every effort in the United States for the benefit of the Colony; and may end in the failure of the most interesting scheme for promoting human happiness to which the present century has given birth. Nothing would more gratify the Board than that the Colonists themselves, deeply concerned as they are in averting this disaster, should take the lead in banishing from their shores their deadliest enemy. Very little reflection must satisfy them that such a course is essential to the peace and prosperity of themselves and their families; and that it will ensure to them the esteem and zealous support of the wise and the good in this country.

ever.

As to specific modes for exerting a moral influence in favor of Temperance in the Colony, the Board suggest nothing additional at this time, leaving the selection of them to your own judgment, informed by local observation, and aided, as we trust it will be, by local advice. They will anxiously await your Report, and on receiving it will promptly pursue the path which duty may indicate.

I take pleasure in again subscribing myself,

Your's very truly and respectfully,

P. R. FENDALL, Recorder.

Extract from the minutes of the proceedings of the American Colonization Society, at a meeting held May 29, 1834.

Whereas a letter has been received from JOHN T. NORTON, Esq. containing one thous and, ninety-three dollars, and twenty-nine cents, in part of a subscription of three thousand dollars proposed to be raised in Albany, New York, for the purpose of settling in Liberia one hundred temperance emigrants, in a village or settlement to be called Albany; Therefore Resolved, That the Board will expend the sum received, and the sums which may be received hereafter on account of the aforesaid subscription, in strict accordance with the object thus designated.

Resolved, That the Colonial Agent be instructed to select a suitable and healthy settlement, to be called Albany, large enough to accommodate the said 100 temperance emigrants; and that he proceed, in the course of the year, to prepare ten tenements, agreeably to the Resolution of the Board of the 20th of February, 1834, published in the African Repository, Vol. 10, p. 26, 27, to be in readiness to receive such of said emigrants as may be first sent out.

Resolved, That to defray the expense of selecting the said settlement, and preparing the said tenements, five hundred dollars of the sum received be now invested in plain and printed cottons, cutlery, hardware and other suitable trade goods (excluding firearms, gunpowder and spiritous liquors); and that the said goods be forwarded by the Jupiter, with instructions to the Colonial Agent, to apply the same, or their proceeds, as well as the accruing profits, to carry into effect the preceding Resolution; keeping a separate account of all disbursements for the object therein specified.

REV. MR. PINNEY'S APPOINTMENT.

Since the despatches to Mr. Pinney were prepared, the Managers of the Colonization Society have received from the Directors of the Western Foreign Missionary Society, a communication, which, though it excludes for the present, the expectation that the Colony will enjoy the benefit of his permanent services as Agent, authorizes the hope that they will be continued for some considerable time. The communication is as follows:

At a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Western Foreign Missionary Society, held in the City of Pittsburgh, May 6, 1834, the following minute was adopted, viz:"A communication was received from the Board of the American Colonization Society, and referred to the Executive Committee."

At a meeting of the Executive Committee of the Western Foreign Missionary Society, held in Pittsburgh, on the 15th day of May, 1834, the following minute was adopted, and ordered to be transmitted to the Board of Managers of the American Colonization Society, viz:

"The Corresponding Secretary and Clerk of the Committee presented the application of the Board of Managers at Washington, which was read; when, after mature deliberation, the Committee decided that the following expression of opinion be adopted in answer to the request of the Board of Managers of the American Colonization Society, viz: "The Executive Committee of the Western Foreign Missionary Society have received the application of the Board of Managers of the American Colonization Society, with sentiments of respect and cordiality, and endeavoured to take a dispassionate and impartial view of the subject to which it refers. Having sustained the expense and anxiety connected with the previous visit of Mr. Pinney to the coast of Africa, and afforded him the opportunity of acquiring such knowledge and experience as might fit him to take a leading part in the establishment of the present mission, they feel, that in yielding their consent to such a temporary arrangement as deprives the mission, at its outset, of the advantages of his personal co-operation, they have given to the Managers of the Colony a testimony of their sincere desire to promote its interests; and if, in their judgment, the continuance of Mr. Pinney in their service for some few months to come, shall be an important benefit to the Colony, they are willing that such an understanding should exist.— But when they consider the anxiety of Mr. Pinney, recently expressed, to be released from that station, that he may be able to devote his entire attention to the duties of his ministerial office—the feeble state of that mission—the anxiety of its members to retain Mr. Pinney, and the little prospect they have of being speedily able to reinforce it, or even to sustain it, if one of its members should be removed-and when they consider the serious pecuniary loss to this Society which the withdrawal of Mr. Pinney would involve; and the probability that some layman might be found, whose habits of business and other qualifications would better fit him for the office of Colonial Agent, they cannot believe it to be their duty to accede to the proposal, anxious as they are to oblige the respected Board of Managers, and to do all in their power to advance the prosperity of the Colony itself.— They would therefore connect, with the expression of their willingness that Mr. Pinney should retain his present relations for some time to come, the earnest desire that the Board would make other and permanent arrangements, as soon as practicable.” A true copy from the Minute. Attest,

E. P. SWIFT, Cor. Secretary.

TO THE AUXILIARY SOCIETIES OF THE AMERICAN COLONIZATION SOCIETY.

WASHINGTON CITY, MAY 22, 1834 The Managers of the Parent Colonization Society deem it proper, at the present juncture of its affairs, to call upon their Auxiliary Societies for all the aid which they have it in their power to give them, to enable the Society to improve its present embarrassed condition. It is, no doubt, known to all the Auxiliaries, that the Parent Society has involved itself in debt, by having undertaken to remove from this country to Liberia, within the last two years, more emigrants than their means have proved equal to pay the expenses of. This, it may be said, was imprudent; but it ought to be

considered that the Managers were strongly urged to act as they did, under assurances that the benevolent friends of the Colony would not fail to supply the means to the Board of meeting the increased expenses thus incurred. This expectation, the Managers are sorry to state, has not been realized; the receipts for the past year having fallen short of former years,` especially from the annual collections in the churches; and, though some liberal donations have been received from a small portion of the Auxiliary Societies, from by far the largest number of them no contributions at all were made.

The Board of Managers, therefore, take this opportunity of calling the attention of those Auxiliary Societies to the wants of the Parent Society, and to entreat them to afford it, in future, all the aid in their power. A small contribution from each member, annually, would enable the Society to effect the great object which it has in view; but if the Auxiliary Societies relax in their zeal, all exertions on the part of the Parent Society will be of no avail. Without a supply of funds (for which it has heretofore relied, and must continue to rely, on the benevolent friends of colonization throughout the United States) it can neither send additional emigrants to Liberia, nor support those already there until they are able to support themselves, nor maintain the institutions necessary for the proper government of the Colony.

To provide for the debt which the Parent Society has been under the necessity of incurring, the Managers have proposed a loan of $50,000, to be paid off in twelve years, by means of a sinking fund of $6,000 a year, from the receipts of the Society. This loan has partly been taken up; but, owing to the present embarrassed state of the money concerns of the community, it may not at once be wholly subscribed for. As far as it is taken, it will, however, relieve the Society of so much of its debt; and, whenever a more prosperous state of things shall take place, it is hoped the remainder of the stock will be taken; in which case, the Society, receiving its usual support, will be able to manage the affairs of the Colony without difficulty. The Parent Board would suggest to the officers of the several Auxiliary Societies immediately to call a meeting of their members, fill up any vacancies which may have taken place in their officers, and resolve that each member will, in future, contribute something (however small the amount may be) for the support of the great object for which their Society was formed. If this reasonable suggestion be complied with, there can be no doubt the Parent Society will find it produce a very sensible effect upon its treasury.

Until the Society can make satisfactory arrangements for the discharge of its present debt, it has determined (though it has very many applications before it for emigration) to make few, if any, additions to the inhabitants of the Colony. The Managers will, in the mean time, turn their attention. to improving its condition, by every means in their power; but if, in the course of the present summer, the Auxiliary Societies, the benevolent Clergy throughout the Union, and the friends of colonization generally, shall evince a disposition to join heartily with the Parent Society, in contributing liberally for extending the population of the Colony, a vessel or two may be sent out with emigrants in the fall of the year.

By order of the Board of Managers,

JAMES LAURIE, President.

P. R. FENDALL, Recorder.

Europe," that this expectation was precipitately ng himself mistaken in one fact regarding colohimself to be required or justified in abandoning hed reasons for this violent conversion have called New York Journal of Commerce of April 30.f to be "no agent, or officer, or even recognised Society;" and that it is "in no degree responsible" transferring his essay to the pages of the Reposassume this responsibility, because in some of his e do not concur. But the main part of the argu

lusive, and the general ability of the article is so pin it entire.

X'S LETTER ON ABOLITION.

w publishing an interesting series of letters giving an achas devoted one of them to a history of his own conversion Dr. Cox went to England a firm friend of Colonization.plendid talents and noble virtues who were abolitionists.posed me in debate, with all the zeal of reformers, with and more of the love of piety, it was impossible that I Still, I replied with perfect conviction, and ordinarily ave been rationally expected. There was one point, howand felt weak. It related to a question of fact-Are not especially at the North, almost universally opposed to the nswer was, no, at least I think not. That the point was a 1; for the Society has to do with the free alone; and, by its ir own consent."

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so, the Society was stopped in its career by the lawful and themselves; and here generally my mind uneasily rested, ment. In this mentally laboring condition, I returned to take no attitude in the matter, until that prime question y investigations have issued in a complete conviction that, consent or unanimous opposition of the colored people of Northern States and preeminently of the better informed of nihilated. At all events I can advocate it no longer. More hey might have been known long ago, I never should have

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Peake us not on that
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which the mind of Dr. Cox turned. He went to England
fact, a fact too which was well understood, by most all in-
t this country, and he defended that error against the in-
England. Having returned and corrected the isolated error
En in his mind, he seems to have concluded that all his
s, in fact that there was no truth on that side, and so gave
ment in this way are not uncommon with unskilful minds,.
ental philosophy so well as Dr. C. one would think not
out this forth, however, as my own analysis of the move-
se, not as one which Dr. Cox avows, or with which I ex•
He says he considered 'the point a cardinal one,' for if the
opposed to colonization, then "the Society was stopped in
ropriate veto of the people themselves:" "the Society was

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In the first place it ha adit points to somethi on is able to boast of It has tal

erations by the general prejudice of the blacks. I mean not in the way to which Dr. Cox refers, viz. its inability to find persons who are willing to accept its bounty. There are yet men and women of good character in the U. States, desirous of going to Africa, in numbers far beyond the ability of the Colonization Society to comply with their wishes.As to the mere influence of opinion, I suppose no man of sense will agree to surrender his own, founded upon a full knowledge of the subject, for the mere reason, that almost all or quite all the colored population of the U. States are of a different sentiment.

Dr. Cox goes on in his letter to prove by the testimony of free colored persons that in general they are opposed to colonization. Of course, this is supererogation. If he has satisfied himself on this head, then he has brought himself, so far, to agree with the friends of colonization. One of these pieces of testimony is an extract from a sermon delivered by the Rev. Mr. Williams, Rector of St. Philip's church, on the 4th of July, 1830.— Among other things Mr. Williams says, "It is very certain that very few people of color wish to go to that land." Well, suppose they are but few. Who are these misnamed abolitionists, these real anti-abolitionists, who will step in to prevent the wish of this few from being gratified. Every man possesses his rights of this sort in himself, separately and alone, whole and entire. If the conscientious planter of the South wishes to rid himself of the curse and burden of being a slaveholder, and finding all better and all other doors closed against his benevolence but the door of Liberia, and if his slaves, instructed in the matter, wish and pant to go there, who are these caricature philanthropists that say, "clench the chains, they shall not be free?"

Dr. Cox concludes these extracts and this part of the subject as follows:

"Here then I take my position, not to be moved by the common arguments that array their poverty against it. The coloured people of this country, as a whole and almost to a man, are utterly opposed to the system; and this alone, if there was no other objection to colonization, appears to me conclusive and invincible."

This conclusion, upon which Dr. Cox places himself as upon a rock, seems to me so unreasonable, that I hardly know how to bring it sufficiently within the pale of reason to reason with it. What if all the colored persons in the U. States except one, did not wish to go to Liberia, and that one did wish to go,-by what logic is this to prevent him. How does it touch any corner of his right to go where he pleases? Who dare tell me that I shall not go to China if I please, because there is not another man in all New York who wishes to go there?

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There is one other objection to colonization which Dr. Cox states at some length. He says, "As a remedy for the evil of slavery in this country, it is incommensurate and puny compared with the extent and incessant growth of the evil. There is a catastrophe preparing for this country, at which we may be unwilling to look, but which will overtake us not on that account the more tardily or tolerably. We do not say there is no remedy-but only that the colonization remedy is ludicrously inadequate; in effect trifling with the community, till the time of preventing "the overflowing scourge" from passing through the land shall have irrevocably passed away. I shall offer no proof to a man who cannot himself see or feel the truth of the proposition, or demonstrate it at his leisure, that the project in question, as a remedy for the slavery of this country, is folly or mockery unparalleled. It is like self-righteousness, tasking its own resources for a remedy against moral thraldom, while it rejects the mediation and atonement of Jesus Christ."

If Dr. Cox thinks colonization no better than self-righteousness, I presume he will not pretend that abolition has as yet disclosed any remedy for slavery which claims to stand side by side for its appropriate purpose, with the remedy which Jesus Christ has provided for the moral thraldom of sin into which we have all voluntarily sold ourselves. The position taken in the objection of Dr. Cox is unfairly stated. Not designedly so of course, for the letter throughout is peculiarly mild and candid. Yet it is unfair, for the Colonization Society has put forth no such claim. Here I ought to say, that the Colonization Society is in no degree responsible for what I write, nor any individual friend of that Society. I am no agent or officer, or even recognized friend of that Society. My real friendship for it must involve it in no responsibility, nor will I embarrass myself in writing, by any such considerations. I have not had leisure enough from my daily labors to examine minutely what ground that Society has taken in all its minutiæ. I write for myself, and for nobody else.But this much I can say, that neither that Society nor the friends of colonization in the abstract, have ever based its claims to support, upon its being "a remedy for the evil of slavery in this country," There may be individuals who think it will prove such a remedy. The claim put forth is only, that the effect of colonization, so far as it has gone, has been good, and that what it purposes to do is also good. Let us see if it is

not so.

In the first place it has done something on the subject of this greatest of our national evils, and it points to something more yet to be done; and that I think soberly is more than abolition is able to boast of.

It has taken and proposes to continue to take, as many as its means will enable it, of suitable persons, from those who are now free or who shall be emancipated, and who belong to that few who wish to go, and establish them in colonies on the coast of Africa, the native land of their fathers.

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