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speciminis). ruerant .i. nahaingil disceinmnecha (gl. apostataeque angeli). ondinund tuitim (gl. eodem lapsu). chointech .i. úadib sein 7 aliis quia demones suum lapsum lugent (gl. lugubri,* lapsu). inanis gloriae vel superbiae .1. na glore escone nam cenon grece comune latine dicitur .i. escon. doxia vero gloria. (gl. cenodoxiae). slemon (gl. lubricus). [in marg.] lubricus dicitur donchrunn sein bite eoin (inabarr) 7 diacace dogniter intsiric (gl. lubricus). tuaichliu. bid sapientia in bono et in malo &c. (gl. sapientior). in infernum.i. imbaile chro (gl. in barathrum). ondfuirseor.i. uad fein asfuirseor (gl. parasito). innadrindraigthechad .i. ifern (gl. praecipites). inimmchuibdius fil eter nadúle (gl. armoniam). incetchruta (.i. protoplastum). oslogairchinnecht (gl. praesagmine, in marg. Praesagmine i. oremthairchetul .i. christi [no osló]gairchinnecht .i. oairchin(necht) agminis hominum. Praesagmen enim [a praes]ule et agmen componitur. Agmen dei slogairchinnecht corobai do adam ut cic. dicit (deus) cuncta creauit. Adam uero ea (cum) nominibus nominauit.

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fo. 12a. indethiuir (gl. etheris) gnímdenmaid (gl. opificem). ón chocetul erérgna (gl. concentuque egregio). ní inaicniud rochlannad molad dé. sed in uoluntate et potestate sua. sicut intendit ante power to God that he should construct every material.' sochma .i. cumhacht, P. O'Connell. The root is ΚAM found also in κάμνω, Curtius Gr. Et. 99. in gnee 'rou generis.' gné a neuter s-stem, Z3. 270. na haingil=O.Ir. ind aingil. disceinmnecha—O.Ir. disceinmnig. nom. pl. m. of an adj. compounded of the neg. prefix di- and sceinmnech, which O'Clery explains by luath 'swift. inund O.Ir. inunn Z3. 353. chointech etc. lamentable i.e. from themselves is that and from others,' &c. The initial of chointech (now caointeach) is here infected because it is supposed to agree with tuitim 'lapsu.' na glore escone of the common glory' escon common' I have not met elsewhere: slemon W. llyfn. don chrunn etc. from that tree on whose top birds are, and from their dung the silk is made'. tuaichliu the comparative of an adj. which I have not met: isin-tuaichli (gl. in astutia) Z. 248. bid is.' imbaile chro into the town of death:' the infection of the c of cro is inorganic. ond fhuirseor etc. from the mountebank i.e. (it is) from himself that he is a mountebank': with fuirseor (better fuirseoir as in 1 SM. 162) cf. fuirsire (gl. parasitus) Z3. 229, ind fhuirsiri (gl. histrionis) Z. 230. drindraigthechad is obscure to me. The final d is probably wrong as in so-scélad Fiacc, 33. ifern 'hell.' in immchuibdius etc. 'the mutual harmony that exists between the elements.' in cét-chruta 'the first-formed.' slog-airchinnecht 'hostleadership.' remthaircetul 'prophecy.' co robai do adam 'so that it was for Adam.'

fo. 12a. ní in aicniud etc. 'not in nature was planted God's praise sed &c. ar connicfaitis etc. 'for they would have been able facere malum had not God's love been with them.' nofailgifitis, they would have been

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* in marg. the following seems to belong to this: [lug ]ubrium lignum est super quod etiam aues stare non possunt aralemni tucad uadside forcech slemon ('from its slipperiness the name was given from this to everything slippery,' Todd, Lib. Hymn., 108). ti.e. of his own accord' as Dr. Todd translates.

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ubi dicit amore et arbitrio ut dicunt arconnicfaitis facere malum manibeth grad dé occv (gl. non naturae donario, amore et arbitrio n.n.d.'). nofailgifitis (gl. consternarentur). nariagcarcar 1. inna ignímcarcar (gl. ergastolorum). rotascrad (gl. deiectus, leg. rothrascrad). lintar (gl. constipatur). nanamus (gl. satilitum). innandechathach .i. inter se inuicem semper. 1. cath contra deum et homines .i. quasi duobus bellis bellatorum quia duellis bellum .... hostis duellium .i. naimtiuda (?) perduellis ini(micus) (gl. perduellium). ona engraifib (gl. exemplaribus, malis imbuti). conocbat no imarchurit (gl. inuehunt). inna liru (gl. pontias). bruma a breui motu solis in eo isaire.... mam sech .... arimmud usce bruma edax 1. edacitas interpretatur (gl. brumalias). o ardaib (gl. climatibus). onatonnaib dubglassaib no onahathchaib dubglassaib (gl. ceruleis turbinibus). innahi tarmnigfit (gl. profuturas). nahad ::: (gl. reciprocas). coloisciter (gl. aduri). loethi (?) iffirn (gl. Cocitique).

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fo. 126. ónasóebchoraib::::rom :::: armet aanfaid intsæbchore intamlaigther dosæbchorib cociti 7 is: thárcud d:: foriffernd (gl. carubdibus in marg. carubdibus turgentibus .i. onacarcib cruachdaib 1. garbaib 1. bruthachaib 1. onasæbchorib borrfadaigit. Strangulati .i. retenti .i. techtai de scillis. isé scél

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terrified': 3d. pl. 2dy fut. passive (Beitr. vii. 36) of foalgim (gl. consternor) Z. 431: cf. is níni foralaig (gl. nos quos timor strauerat) Ml. 43d. fommálagar (gl. consternor) Z. 475. riag-carcar, gním-carcar each compounded with carcar from Lat. carcer. riag (gl. patibulum) Z3. 18, gním opus.' rotascrad is probably a mistake for rothrascrad 3d. sg. pret. pass. of trascarim now trasgairim. trascraid dochum niffirnd (dejicit ad infernum) Vis. Ad. rotrascair in crannsin (dejecit arborem illum) note to Fél. Dec. 11. engraifib dat. pl. of a loan from avaypapń? conocbat etc. they uplift or they carry.' liru acc. pl. of ler 'sea,' gen.

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lir see Corm. Gl. s.v. Manannan mac lir. arimmud usce for abundance of water.' ombub adesence, Z2. 1005, leg. o'mbud adeserce 'ex abundantiâ amoris eius.' ardaib dat. pl. of arda quarter of the heavens.' Tur. 138. athchaib for achthaib dat. pl. of achad 'field,' as, conversely, fichtheall H. 2. 16, col. 696, for fidcheall. tarmnigfit they will benefit' 3d. pl. b-fut. act. of tarmnigim prosum,' tarmnaigfead it would avail,' Three Frags. 118. co loisciter ut urantur,' scil. gigantes. loethi for loithe 'paludis' Z3. 15 gen. sg. of loth. iffirn' of hell.'

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12b. óna sóebchoraib etc. by the whirlpools...... because of the greatness of the storm of the whirlpool, which is likened to the whirlpools of Cocytus, and ...... and on hell.' sóebchoraib, sæbchorib, dat. pl. of sóebchore (lit. falsus lebes), gen. pl. inna sáibchore (gl. syrtium), Z2 858. anfaid gen. sg. of anfad 'storm.' ona carcib etc. from the rocks heaped, or rough, or boiling, or from the whirlpools that are wroth.' cruachdaib dat. pl. of pret. part. pass. of cruachaim 'turgeo.' borrfadaigit 3d. pl. pres. indic. act. of a denominative from borrfadh 'wrath' 1 SM. 170. ise scél etc. this is the story that is mentioned here.' ona tonnaib etc. from the Scyllaean waves, i.e. from the

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foraithmentar hic. Scilla filia Porci (sic) adamata est a Glauco, etc.). ónatonnaib scillecdaib .i. othonnaib intsæbchore dianid ainm scilla et in sicilia est 7 armeit dana aanfaid beos (gl. scillis obtecti fluctibus). sithlaid (gl. crebrat). tambristi nafritecoirse no anata failsigthe nafritecoirse .i. ruptis ligationibus quibus quodammodo nubibus aqua (gl. simul ruptis obiicibus). trefithisi (gl. per tractus). toiprinnit (gl. influunt). astaitir (gl. appenditur, dei uirtutibus appenditur globus terrae). diuinis. Dius secundum ueteres no combad :::: choir ann (gl. dialibus). indabís mór inroinclannad dliged circuil (gl. circulus abyssi magni). o (ros)saib (gl. promontoriis).

fo. 13a. ambinniget na cantana (gl. tinnientibus, ymnorum cantionibus sedulo tinnientibus). immenicnigetis uile (gl. uernantibus).

fo. 136. in marg. deich trátha nochelebrad colum cille ut ferunt 7 isastair eoin cassion ruc som sein (gl. dum sibi ymnos canimus decim statutis uicibus).

fo. 14a. o erloscvd 1. abuidechuir (gl. uridine). failtiugit (gl. exultent). isduitsiu (gl. cui).

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waves of the whirlpool whose name is Scilla, et in Sicilia est, and for the greatness of its storm likewise.' sithlaid filters,' M. Bret. sizlaff 'colare,' W. hidlo. anata etc. when the barriers are broken or when the barriers are manifested.' fithisi v. supra p. 52. toiprinnit 3d. pl. pres. indic. do-es-barannat+i: cf. doeprannat (gl. afluant) Ml. 39d. doreprendset cóic bainne a méraib pátraic five drops flowed from Patrick's fingers,' Trip. B. 155. astaitir, leg. astaithir, 'is suspended' 'is retained': ni astaesiu (gl. ne suspendas) Ml. 55a, cen nach ̄n-astud (gl. sine ullo adpensu) Z2. 1046, ar far n-astud in ogi (ad suspendendos, retinendos, vos in coelibatu) Z. 999, mani astat (nisi retinent) Z. 240, astas (qui retinet) supra fo. 3 b. astaibther (retinebitur) 1 SM. 192, frisanastaiter bret(h)a in bethu 'to which the judgments of the world are suspended' Ì SM. 30. mani astaitis cuire bel (unless verbal contracts were upheld') ib. 40. no combad &c. or it may be that. . . . is proper there.' ind abis &c. 'the great abyss in which the law of the circle was implanted.'

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fo. 13a. binniget 3d pl. pres. indic. act. of binnigimm a denominative from bind melodious' whence also bindius Z2. 788 (gl. sonoritatem) Z2. 1010, (gl. simphonia) Corm. B. s. v. timpan. There was also a deponent bindigiur whence donaibhí bindigeddar (gl. modulantibus) Z3. 439. cantana acc. pl. borrowed from cantio. immenicnigitis 3d pl. 2dy pres. of a denominative from menicc.

fo. 13b. deich etc. 'ten canonical hours Colum Cille used to celebrate ut ferunt, and it is from John Cassion's history he took this.' fo. 14a. o erloscud etc. 'from conflagration or from the buidechair' (yellow pestilence' Todd, Lib. Hymn 262). buidechair occurs again in the preface to Colmán's hymn infra. failtuigit 'let them exult,' a denominative from failte, with an inorganic u in the penult. is duitsiu 'est tibi.'

fo. 146. antach .i. bledmil (gl. quieta, rubeta illa quae dicitur rana quieta torpescit). fo. 21b. in top marg. indoinchosaig .i. intraiglethain (gl. scenopodi). labrossi dosreggat ambel nichtarach dara ::::

fo. 14b. antach is glossed otiosa supra fo. 11b. bledmil O'Davoren's blaidhmil' whale,' Kýros. which the glossographer seems to identify with quietus.

fo. 21b. ind oinchosaig 'the one-legged men,' μovókwλor, in traiglethain 'the broadfooted men.' The latin scenopodi seems equivalent to OKIάTodes 'the shadowfooted,' a fabulous people, of whom Ctesias, as translated by Pliny, vii. 2, thus wrote: hominum genus, qui Monocoli vocarentur, singulis cruribus, mirae pernicitatis ad saltum; eosdemque Sciapodas vocari, quod in majore aestu humi jacentes resupini, umbra se pedum protegant. See Maundevile's Travailes, London, 1866, p. 106. dosreggat (i.e. dosrengat) etc. they draw their lower lip over their' labrosus corresponds with póxeλos and the glossographer seems to have some vague acquaintance with the stories about the Movoμμárol, Strabo xv. p. 711.

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DÚIL LAITHNE.

H. 2. 15, (Trin. Coll. Dub.) p. 116.

The following glossary is in the handwriting of Dudley Mac Firbis (rei antiquariae Hibernorum unicum dum vixit columen, et extinctus detrimentum'), and, as he himself states, was finished by him at Baile mic aodhagáin on the 5th May, 1643. That Mac Firbis was the copyist, not the compiler. of the glossary, and that it was originally produced some centuries before his time, is plain enough from the Old and Early Middle Irish forms, ocumm 274, ocut 23, adrubuirt 175, and innsi 221 = Tirechán's inse 'ibi.' The part of the codex in which the glossary is found is on paper, in two columns. It is here printed as it stands, save that I have numbered the articles and added Latin versions of the Irish explanations.

Among much that is wholly obscure to me are, first, some words, such as troicit body,' cud head,' ligair tongue,' goll blind,' ó 'ear,' boige 'caldron,' bar ‘sea,' ur 'bad,' sceng 'bed,' baicead 'neck,' which are given as Irish in our old glossaries, or which comparative philology shows to be genuine; and, secondly, a class of words fabricated from genuine Irish vocables either by inserting a meaningless syllable, or by adding one or more letters.

Thus by inserting anc, onc, inc, or unc, we get 225. mainiciall, 281. maincesg, 226. maincir, 227. maincil, 24. muincedan,

220. munchaol, 243. muncorbadh, 83. muincir, 91. mincill, 98. muincedhg, 99. muinchidh.

By inserting es or os we have 37 delesg, 182. loisi, 180. losob, and 246. treisiur.

By inserting osc we get 127. roscom, 152. loscan, 163. loiscia(th), 181. losca, 237. loscog, 264. roisciam, and 286. loisgester.

By inserting 1, ul, oll, we get 104. culorn, 142. usguile, 249. sealsor, 248. collcur, and 275. immcollamair.

By inserting an we have 137. manaith.

By inserting n and ull we get 267. cuncullum, 273. uncullut, and 274. uncullum.

By inserting air, aur, ur, we get 148. daurun, 290. durunad, 170-173. dairet, dairi, duirib, daurub, 234 duruit, 256 anduiriu, 257 anduire, and 245 anduris.

By inserting innech or innich we have 185-190 tinnechair, etc. By inserting ro and changing t or th to s we have 288 muinrosar, and 250, 251, 252. seachtrosar, ochtrosar, nærosar. By inserting nro we have 213 anrosar, and 214 manrosar.

The forms 194. collait, 64. geithille, 85. sceglann, 92. iodamm, 265. collue, 278. collumac, 266. colluicenn, 279. betchennecht, 280 metchennecht, 135 mabar, 147 liber, etc. seem to have been similarly fabricated.

Words manufactured by additions are 28. dercuill (Ir. derc), 8. sropur (Ir. srub), 67. tinim (Ir. tene), 169. ferim (Ir. fír), and, perhaps, 268. betlim, which seems from the low Latin batualia, battalia. So 139. nionon, if this be, as I suspect, a mistake for nemon, which is given in the Auraicept as the formolad of nem 'heaven.'

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The manufacture of such jargon is recognised not only in the preface to the Amra Choluimchille preserved in the Lebor na huidre, a MS. of the beginning of the twelfth century, but also in the Auraicept nan éces, copies of which are found in the Books of Lecain and Ballimote. Dr. Ferguson, moreover, has detected on ogham inscriptions examples of the practice of disguising words by the introduction of arbitrary ingredients. Each of the processes of fabrication has a name. Formolad denoted the addition of a syllable (e.g. culu, feron, benon, from cul chariot,' fer‘man,' ben 'woman.' Doichned was the addition of a letter only, e.g. tenn from ten 'fire' Fiacc, ferr from fer. When the final was dropt (e. g. fe from fer) the process was dichned. When a word was spelt backwards (e.g. ref from fer, neb from ben), the process was termed delidind. Cennfocrus tuis was the change of a word's initial: cennfocrus déid the change of a final. The connail of fer is fefrier, that of ben is befrien, that of nem 'heaven' is nefriem. The mallrugud of fer is feer, of ben, been, of nem, neem. These curious terms all occur in the following paradigms, which are now printed for the first time from the Book of Ballimote, 178 b. 1, collated with the Book of Lecain, 152 a. 2.

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