The declensional forms are scanty, but sufficient to show that the Highlanders declined their noun in the eleventh century as fully as the Irish. Vowel-stems. O-declension: nom. sg. Cathal gen. cathail: uachtar, gen. uac(h)tair, abstol gen. abstoil=apostoli: galar (a neut. o-stem) acc. galar: mac gen. meic or mec, acc. mac: clérech gen. pl. clérech: cenn dat. cinn (O. Ir. ciunn): mór-maer gen. mór-moir: toisech gen. toisig, toiseg: cosgrach gen. cosgreg: Muredach gen. muredig: Caerell gen. caerill: Donnchad gen. Donnchaid: Colam gen. colaim: Petar gen. petir, petair and dia (=dêvo) gen. dé=O. Ir. déi ex dêvî. dat. and acc. dia. dobor gen. doboir, Cormac gen. Cormaic, légenn gen. leginn. io-declension: Bede, rige gen. rígi: Matni. acc. ére, ernacde, laithi. n. pl. m. uli, dat. pl. ulib. fem.â-declension: cell gen. s. cille, dat. pl. cellaib: cland or clann gen. s. clande or clenni: cloch dat. and acc. sg. cloic (leg. cloich): briathar acc. sg. brether: eclas gen. s. eclasi: dabach acc. dual dá dabeg, gen. pl. dabach edbart, dat. edbairt, acc. pl. edbarta: ingen. bliadan dat. sg. bliadin: dér n. pl. deara. : fem. iâ-declension: saere dat. sg. saeri: slánte. i-declension: maith n. pl. mathe: pett gen. pette: Brigit gen. Brigtæ. u-declension: Aed gen. éda: bráth gen. brátha (dat. braith seems a mistake for bráth). Consonantal stems. c-stems cathair acc. sg. cathraig, cadraig: perhaps, too, the genitives sg. cannech, ferdomnac leg. ferdomnach. g-stem: rí gen. sg. riig (leg. ríg). d (or t?)-stems: comdiu gen. comded: bethu gen. be(th)ad : ant-stems: tipra gen. tiprat. n-stems: masc. brithem, cú gen. con in dobar-chon: fem. bennacht, mallact, alba gen. alban: neut. ainm. No example of r-stems occurs. s-stems: sliab, macc, leg. mach, in imach, dún gen. dúne. Diminutives are in án (Drostán, Nectán), in áin (Colbáin, Matáin), in in (Brocin, and perhaps aldín, alterín, domin? dubbacín, bricín, and aechin), in nait (Gartnait), in nat (Garnait, gen. s. of Garnat), in íne (calline, molini), in éne (furéne?). An example of a degree of comparison is nesu, for O. Ir. compar. nesa, here used as a superlative. The forms of the article are: sing. in gen. m. in (aspirating), acc. s. inn, in, gen. plur. na (nasalizing), dat. and acc. pl. na. The pronouns sé or he 'is,' si 'ea' a 'ejus,' a (medializing) eorum are identical with the corresponding forms in Irish: gé-cia 'qui.' Suffixed personal pronouns are in dó, ri-s and do-ib. Suffixed possessives: ara, cona, inna, dan. Of the infixed pronouns, which have for about 500 years been disused in Ireland, examples are d (do-ro-d-loeg), 8 (ro-s-benact), a (tarat-do-a-rat) and das in gon-das-tabrad. Demonstratives are sin, sain or sen, sunn. Pronominal adjectives: ele, ule, cach. The only numerals which occur are the cardinals en 'one,' dá 'two,' cethri 'four,' and cét 'hundred,' and the ordinal ocmad 'eighth.' I The verbal forms, with the exception of the pret. part. passive pústa and a few infinitives (attach, tabart, bennacht, mallact), are all in the 3d singular or plural: is or es is the only example of the 3d sg. pres. indic. In almost all the preterites the particle ro is either prefixed or infixed: Prefixed sg. ro-(f)alseg, rothidnaig, ro-gab, ro-laboir, ro-báith, ro-bo, ro-s-ben(n)ac(h)-t. Infixed do-r-aten, do-ro-d-loeg, fo-r-acaib. Plur. do-ró-nsat. do occurs in do-rat, do-chuid (now chaidh), do-ratsat and do-ratsatar, and (provected) in tánic (do+ánic, cf. Skr. anancha) now thainig, plur. tángator, O. Ir. táncatar (do+áncatar) and tarat (do+a+rat.) The only example of the simple future is ticfa veniet' (do+icfa): bad'esto' or bed is a 3d sg. imperative: the relative b-future is exemplified by chomallfas 'qui implebit :' the pres. conj. by gon-ice: the fut. conj. by bé. In the secondary present there are two forms, both conjunctive: sg. tabrad 'daret' and pl. déndœs 'facerent.' Compare with the latter form the Mid. Ir. no-adratés, adorabant' which occurs in a gloss on Fíacc's hymn, 21. An example of the s-conjunctive is tissad or tisadvenerit' from *tic-sath *do-ic-sath. These s-conjunctives, which have long been obsolete in Ireland, were held by Siegfried (Beitraege zur vergl. sprachforschung, III, 51) to have been originally futures in s, like the Sanskrit forms in syâmi. Compare, too, Umbr. fuiest, e-est, Osc. didest. The form róis Z. 929, seems a clear example of a fut. indic. 2d sg.: so promsat, lobsat (Félire, Epil. 217). On the other hand there are some forms in s which can only be explained as perfects conj. like Lat. locassim, faxim, ausim (Ebel, Beitr. III, 262). Adverbs: act, mar, ohunn imacc, as-a-athle-sen. Prepositions: á, air, ar, as, cu (go), do, edar, fri, iarn (iar), in (i), le, ó (ua),ri. Nominal: ar-a-ginn, ar-a-és, dan-éis. Conjunctions: acus, gon (go), ma. Negative particles: ná, ní. 115 INDEX TO THE WORDS IN THE FOREGOING ENTRIES. N.B.-The Roman numerals refer to those of the entries. a pron. 'his' i. v. vi. Skr. asya : á prep. 'from'i. abb vi. ab iii. abbot.' n. pl. apid 274. abberdeon, iii. Aberdeen. dour of Sir Patrick Spens? achad ii. v., acchad v. now achadh 'field' gen. achaidh. achad madchor, now Auchmachar adam p. 108. nom. pr. aed gen. s. p. 108, leg. aeda. alban vi. gen. s. of Alba, Scot- aldin v. now Aden, 'lands which alenn v.? S. dia-és, Fíacc's hymn 53 'after ara-ginn, i. 'before them' lit. 'on their head' cinn O. Ir. arcill gen. sg. nom. pr. iii. mac ard-chellaib vi. 'chief churches.' 'chief dwel- lings.' dat. pl. of ard-meandad. as i. prep. 'ex.' athle i. asa aithlesin 1 SM. 302. attac i. for attach precationi'? badesto.' So in Z. 617. báith ii. 'mersit' 'immolavit,' ro- Bánb p. 108 Banff.' bé i. 'fuerit.' gé-bé tísad lit. 'who- Gébé tíssad [gébé tíssad] rís nábad blienec buadacc. Bidbin ii. ibbidbín ii. now the hill of Biffie about a mile W. of the church. S. bliadin iii. annum, anno? dat. or acc. sg. of bliadain now bliadhna. Hence blienec i. for bliadhnach, 'annosus.' bo 'fuit' i. ii. bráth v. acc. sg. cubráth, brád V. 6 bráith i. gen. sg. brátha iii. 'judgment i. e. Day of Judgment' wrongly explained in the Highland Soc. Dict. as 'conflagration.' Gaulish bratu, W. brawd. brecini iii. gen. sg. nom. pr. briathar verbum': acc. sg. brether i. brigit nom. pr. gen. sg. Brigte ii. Brigtæ ii. brite see gillebrite. brithem, iii. now breitheamh, gen. breitheamhan 'judex.' brocín vi. and p. 108. nom. pr. dimin. of brocc' badger.' buadacc (leg. buadach) 'victoriosus.' buchan i. vi. gen. s. 'Buchan.' cach-hén V. cach-én now be gach aon. cadraig, see cathraig. V. would cannech ii. nom. pr. gen. S. casc ii. from pascha, now cásg. cathal ii. gen. s. cathail ii. cathraig, cadraig, i. acc. sg. of cathair 'civitas.' catness p. 108 "Caithness." cóbrig iii. gen. s. nom. pr. coir ii. dat. sg. of cor manner :' air chor in a manner' air chor egin 'in some manner.' colbain vi. (leg. colbáin ?) nom. pr. columcille n. s. i. collumcille. dat. s. columcille ii. iii. coluimchille V. coluimcille and colimcilli iv. acc. columcilli vi. Colomb of (the) church.' comallfas iv. v. 'qui implebit ' from comallaim, and this from *comalnaim, (comalnadar implet' Z. 445) com-lanaim. comded iv. gen. sg. O. Ir. coimdiu s. m. gen. coimded. a compound with some word for 'God,' perh. Lat. Dis Ditis. comgell v. comgeall ii. cona' with their' iii. cormac p. 108. v. vi. nom. pr. gen. sg. cormaic iii. dat. cormac iii. consecrad acc. sg. iii. dat. coisecrad Lib. Arm. 18. b. 1, now coisrigeadh, from Lat. consecratio. cosgreg i. nom. pr. gen. sg. of Cosgrach. cotchenn vi. now coitcheann, 'communis.' crist iii. dat. iv. 'Christ.' cec ii. iv. leg. cech, now gach cruthnec (leg.-nech) i. ' Pict.' 'quisque.' cellaib vi. 'cellis' dat. pl. of cell, now ceall 6, from Lat. cella. cennedig v. gen. s. nom. pr. cu ii. v. 6 usque ad,' now gu. cú gen. con 36, 'canis.' now cù gen. coin with a passage over to the o-declension. cét ii. centum' gen. now ceud | cu-cotchenn, vi. would now be gu W. can. cétna ii. now ceudna idem.' coitcheann. cuit ii. vi. gen. cota now cuid cetri vi. now ceithir four.' gen. 'quota' 'portion.' cuitid ii., acc. sg. nom. sg. mírín arain eorna án isse mo chuitid for clar, note on Félire, Ap. 4. culéon, ii., nom. pr. perh. the Ir. Cuiléncatulus.' culíí ii. nom. pr. d infixed pronoun, 3d sg. do-ro-dloeg, i. dá nom. masc. ii. vi. 'two.' dabach vi. gen. pl. acc. dual dabeg ii. now dabhach, dabhoch s. f. lit. 'a vat,' but here used, like pint, pottle and gallon in Ireland, to denote a measure of land (Mr. Hennessy). Can the law-latin davata be a mistake for davaca? dabaci, v.? dabid iii.Dauid p. 108. dalta i. 'alumnus.' from do+alta a pret. part. pass. from the root AL. dan 'to their' iv. O.Ir. dian, a compound of do and an. das, infixed pronoun, 3d sg. fem. gon-das-tabrad, i. This form is also found in Broccán's hymn 35. cf. dom, Z. 336, dot (attotáig Z. 337-ad-dot-áig), did, dan, Z. 338. delerc ii.? déndas ii. 'faciebant.' 3d plur. 2dy pres. of dénim. dér 108 Deir,' dear lacryma i. p. n. pl. déara i. now deur. W. dagr, δάκρυ. derad ii. 'finem,' now deireadh. dia i. vi. 'deus' gen. dé i. dat. día ii. acc. dia, ii. disad see tísad. do 'of' i. vi. 'to:' ii. d'attac i. dó 'ei' i. ii.=dau in the Gaelic rubric. With mac dó i. lit. 'filius ei,' cf. rem-bás dáu before his death,' Lib. Arm. 17 a. 1, lit. before death to him.' buid domsa 'my being,' buith di 'her being,' buith dúnni 'our being,' | buith dúibsi 'your being,' coirp dunn' of our body,' hirisse dúibsi 'of your faith' Z. 892: la cach mbráthir duit 'with every brother of thine,' Will of Cathair Mór. With these forms compare the Cornish plural possessives ag-an, ag-is, ag-a, Beitr. III, 156. dobarchon ii. gen. sg. of dobarchú now dobharchùan otter' lit. 'waterdog,' W. dyfrgi, Bret. dour-gi or ki-dour. doboir gen. sg. see Abordoboir. dolaidib vi. dolodib iii. seems to mean ' exactions: cf. the modern dolaidh, doluidh 'loss,' 'harm.' domin gen. s. iv. a dimin. of dom? domnall ii. gen. sg. domnaill iii. domongart iii. nom. pr. donchad v. nom. pr. gen. donnchaid vi. doncado p. 108. donnachac vi. nom. pr. dorat i. ii. iv. v. ' dedit': 3d plur. s-pret. doratsat ii. iii. doratsatar V. doraten i. 2d sg. pret. act. of taitinn (do + aitinn) 'place,' 'oblecta,' 'satisfac.' Hence O. Ir. taitnemach. do-ro-d-loeg, i. for do-ro-d-luig, 3d sg. pret. of doluigim, with the pronoun d infixed. dorónsat i. 3d plur. s- pret. of dogníu 'facio.' drostán nom. pr. i. gen. drostán i. dat. drostán i. ii. iii. iv. v. acc. drostán ii. vi. This name occurs in the Four Masters A.D. 717. dubbacín ii. gen. sg. nom. pr. dubni iii. nom. pr. dún 'castrum' a neut. s-stem in duncallden dat. p. 108, duni callenn gen. sg. iii. 'Dunkeld' the Duin Caildenn, Dúin Cealláin of the Four Masters, A.D. 871, 864. hé ii. ‘he'=Lat. is. eclasi iii. gen. sg. of eclais, now eaglais s. f. from ecclesia. éda ii. gen. sg. of Aed-aloos. edar, ii. 'inter,' now eadar. |