Mr. H. then moved that the memorial be read, printed, and referred to the Committee on Finance.

[SENATE.

without serious injury to our institutions. The elements Mr. B. spoke of the prices of produce in New Orleans, of republican governments have always been, and must and quoted from Benjamin Levy's Price Current, of the always continue to be, stormy and tempestuous. The most recent date. From this, it appeared that Western opinions of 13,000,000 of freemen must necessarily be a produce bore a good price; cotton higher than it was at discordant mass of materials. Our Government is the off- this time last year; pork, beef, bacon, flour, corn, &c. spring of, and dependent on, public opinion. We are about as high as usual, and in good demand. He also united only on a few fundamental principles, such as per-read a letter from Cincinnati, showing that steamboat sonal and political liberty, and national independence. business, both freight and passage, was better than it had On minor subjects our opinions are various and discordant. been for three years past; that money was as plentiful as We have wisely chosen this form of government, pre- usual, prices as good as usual, people contented as usual, ferring it to other forms, where the will of one man, or of and panic-makers only out of business. Mr. B. then a few individuals, is the law of the land, and where this took up a New York paper, the Times, just received, and will and this law is enforced at the point of the bayonet. which gave the value of different bank notes at the Let us not, then, despair of the republic, but cling to it Brokers' Board in that city, and showed that the Southas the anchor of our political hope. ern banks had nearly recovered their ancient rates in that market. The Carolina banks only about 3 per cent. discount; the Virginia banks, even those which were reMr. BENTON would add his testimony, if necessary, ported dead, only about two per cent. discount; and the to that of the Senator from Indiana, [Mr. HENDRICKS,] in pet bank of this District, (the Metropolis,) which had favor of the respectability of the population which fur- been the subject of so many melancholy predictions, was nished the subscribers to the memorial just presented. at the rate of one per cent. discount, and no more! All He knew their industry, enterprise, and sincere devotion is going on well, said Mr. B. It was nearly "the last of to their country, and had no doubt but that they fully be- pea-time with distress memorials; and, as the cry of dislieved in all the distresses which they mentioned; but tress began in the Senate, he presumed it would end in their petitions only recited what had been alleged on this the Senate; and that, henceforth, nothing more would be floor for the last four or five months; and the reason why heard than the faint and lingering accents of a dying-out petitions were so late in coming from that distance, must and exanimate alarm. be because the petitioners were so far off from the source Mr. HENDRICKS repelled the idea, that the memorial of alarm-so far off from this chamber, where the cry of which he had just presented to the Senate, had been prodistress was first raised, four or five months ago. The duced in any degree by the panic which pervades the petitioners speak of the scarcity of money in consequence country, or that it had been gotten up for political effect. of the disappearance of the United States Bank notes. The people of Switzerland county were not panic-maNow, said Mr. B., the petitioners doubtless thought there kers, nor were they more liable to alarm from danger at had been a great diminution of this kind of currency, be- a distance, than the people of other portions of the Union. cause they heard it proclaimed from all quarters. But In this instance, he believed they were much less liable he, Mr. B., would ask the Senator from Indiana himself, to alarm than many others. They stated facts connected [Mr. HENDRICKS,] what was the real amount of these with their own business. notes withdrawn from circulation.

The produce business, in which many of them are enMr. HENDRICKS said, that he had not before him gaged, is deeply affected by the distracted and depressed any statistical tables, showing him the condition of the condition of the currency. They see, and they feel, and Bank of the United States, neither monthly reports, nor they cannot be mistaken in the facts they state. He had those of any other period, and his recollection did not referred, when up before, to the condition of the New furnish him with an answer to the question propounded. Orleans market; to the fact that bankruptcies, unparallelHe presumed the Senator from Missouri was much more ed in number and extent, had taken place in that comfamiliar with that subject than himself. Nor did it go to mercial city; and that it was believed the means of rethe point in question, whatever the facts might be. He ceiving and paying for the produce of the upper country presented the memorial of a portion of his constituents, was not to be found there. In that reference, he had men of intelligence, who well understood the fact which allusion, among other things, to a letter which he had they stated to the Senate. What was that fact? The seen in the hands of a Senator on the floor, and such want of an adequate circulating medium, the rapid disap- information was generally more to be relied on than the pearing of United States Bank paper in that section of prices current. The letter did speak of unparalleled the country. This is a fact intimately connected with failures in that city, and that information accorded well their business-a fact which they see and feel. They with the experience of many who had recently been enmake no statement of this kind for any other portion of gaged in the produce business on the Ohio and Mississippi the country, but undertake to represent the condition of rivers.

their own. Now, to them it makes little difference how Mr. H. repeated that this memorial had not been gotmuch or how little may be the amount of notes withdrawn from circulation by the Bank of the United States. It is the effect of the existing derangement of the currency upon themselves, of which they complain.

Mr. BENTON resumed. It was right to be a little statistical in this case. The statistics would show that, in point of fact, there was very little diminution of the circulation of United States Bank notes. There was about sixteen or seventeen millions of those notes now out, and that lacked but little of the quantity out last year, before the deposites were removed, and which was usually about seventeen or eighteen millions. Still, the petitioners were no doubt right in the fact that these notes were scarce in the part of the country in which they lived; for the law of bank circulation, which he (Mr. B.) explained on another occasion, carried them off to the northeast.

VOL. X.-114

ten up for political effect. He reminded the Senate of a remark he had made when first up, that the memorial was signed indiscriminately by men of all parties. He would venture the assertion, that there were many names on that paper of persons as warmly devoted to the present Chief Magistrate and his administration, as any individual within the sound of his voice; men who, although they disapprove of the removal of the deposites, and of the measures which have produced the present state of things, yet they have undiminished confidence in the purity and integrity of the motives which induced the measure-men who indulge in no denunciation, who believe the President of the United States to be an honest man, an ardent patriot, and one who would make, for the perpetuity of our free institutions, as great sacrifices as any other. It is not for political effect that such men make such statements as are contained in the memorial just pre

SENATE.]

sented.

Pension Books.-Washington County (O.) Memorial.—Mariners' Common Schools.

All their political feelings are on the other side the constitution of the State of Ohio. of the question.

The motion of Mr. HENDRICKs to refer and print the memorial, was agreed to.

Several private bills were next taken up, read the third time, and passed.

PENSION BOOKS.

[MAY 27, 1834.

That section of

the country has no direct connexion with the Bank of the United States, or any transactions with it; they have their own bank, a safe and well-managed institution, which, in good times, was sufficient for all the business of the country. But the blighting influence of the experiment has reached even them. Business is paralyzed, The Senate now resumed the consideration of the spe- and the price of produce struck down. They say, and cial order of the day, being the report of the Committee they say truly, that credit is essential to the prosperity of on the Judiciary on the pension books; and Mr. KANE the West, and that business must languish if it cannot be concluded his remarks, and was followed by Mr. BIBB, carried on on borrowed capital. Indeed, it cannot be Mr. WRIGHT, and Mr. CLAYTON. otherwise. That whole vast country, with all its resourThe question was then taken on agreeing to the follow-ces, is too new to have accumulated capital sufficient to ing resolution, (moved by way of amendment to the origi- develop those resources. It must either linger in the march of improvement, or avail itself of foreign capital The memorial is a wellResolved, That the Department of War is not warrant- and credit for its advancement. ed in appointing pension agents in any State or Territory written paper, and presents the topics which have been where the Bank of the United States, or one of its so much discussed, in a strong point of light. It is also branches, has been established, except when specially calm and respectful in its language. But I will not deauthorized by act of Congress. tain the Senate by its reading. I move that it be printed with the names, and referred to the Committee on Fi

nal report,) as follows:

And decided as follows:

MARINERS' COMMON SCHOOLS.

YEAS.-Messrs. Bell, Bibb, Black, Calhoun, Cham-nance; which was agreed to. bers, Clay, Clayton, Ewing, Forsyth, Frelinghuysen, Kent, King of Georgia, Leigh, Mangum, Naudain, Poindexter, Porter, Preston, Robbins, Shepley, Silsbee, Smith, Southard, Sprague, Swift, Tomlinson, Wagga man, Webster.-28.

Mr. WEBSTER presented a memorial from sundry inhabitants of Boston, praying Congress to take into consideration the propriety of aiding, by duties received from commerce, common schools in the maritime cities, for the Tall-instruction of mariners in common knowledge.

NAYS.-Messrs. Benton, Brown, Grundy, Hill, Kane,
King of Alabama, Linn, McKean, Morris, Robinson,
madge, Tipton, White, Wilkins, Wright.-15.
So this resolution was agreed to.

The question was then taken upon agreeing to the following resolution:

Resolved, That the act of Congress "for the relief of certain officers and soldiers of the Revolution," passed on the 15th of May, 1828, and the act supplementary to that act, passed on the 7th June, 1832, are properly acts providing for the payment of military pensions.

And decided as follows:

Mr. W. said that, for some years past, the attention of the community in which he resided, had been strongly drawn to the condition of that useful class of citizens, the mariners. It has been thought well worthy an effort to elevate the character of that class, by affording means of instruction, and inspiring higher moral feeling, and a greater degree of self-respect. It has been thought desirable to impress on them a sense of the value of property, the virtue of economy, and the preservation of their dearly-carned means of living in saving institutions, and other ways. This class is numerous, it is important, especially in time of war; its members are exposed to peculiar temptations and dangers, and have, therefore, always been regarded as objects of unusual legislative care. Gentlemen who have entered into these views, in regard NAYS.-Messrs. Benton, Brown, Forsyth, Grundy, to this portion of the community, had found their objects Hill, Kane, King of Alabama, Linn, McKean, Morris, much assisted by the efforts of a man whom he thought Robinson, Shepley, Tallmadge, Tipton, White, Wilkins, it but just to mention, with respect, on this occasion; he Wright.-17. meant the Reverend Mr. Taylor, a man of uncommon talent, of peculiar and appropriate eloquence, and well ac

YEAS.-Messrs. Bell, Bibb, Black, Calhoun, Chambers, Clay, Clayton, Ewing, Frelinghuysen, Kent, King of Georgia, Leigh, Mangum, Naudain, Poindexter, Porter, Preston, Robbins, Silsbee, Smith, Southard, Sprague, Swift, Tomlinson, Waggaman, Webster.-26.

So the resolution was agreed to.

The question was then taken on agreeing to the follow-quainted with the general character and habits of those to ing resolution:

Resolved, That no power is conferred by any law upon the Department or Secretary of War, to remove the agency for the payment of pensioners under the said act of the 7th June, 1832, and the funds, books, and papers, connected with that agency, from the Bank of the United States, and to appoint other agents to supersede that bank in the payment of such pensioners.

And decided in the affirmative, without a division. Af ter which

The Senate adjourned.

whose moral and religious improvement he devoted the labors of his life. I have now, said Mr. W., to present to the Senate a most respectable memorial on this subject. It urges upon the attention of Congress the importance of education, and knowledge, and good morals, in this great class of citizens; and since they are so much connected with the commerce of the country in peace, and so necessary to its protection in war, they suggest that, out of the duties collected from that commerce, common schools may be established and maintained, in the maritime towns, for their instruction in common learning. I find this memorial signed, sir, in the first place, by several high officers in the State Government, next by the municipal officers of the city. I find next, sir, nearly the whole body WASHINGTON COUNTY (OHIO) ́MEMORIAL. of the clergy of the city, of all denominations, uniting in Mr. EWING said he was charged with the presenta- this benevolent and truly philanthropic object. I see, tion of a memorial, signed by 1,063 of the inhabitants too, a column of the names of ship-owners; another of and qualified voters of the county of Washington and the names of master mariners and seamen; and, finally, a State of Ohio. This county, said Mr. E., embraces the long list of other citizens. I am happy, sir, to be the orfirst settlement within the bounds of the now State of gan of presenting this subject to the consideration of ConOhio, and I recognise upon it the names of many old and gress, not only on account of the great respectability of valuable friends, some of the pioneers of the West, and the signers of the memorial, but also on account of the among them a member of the convention which formed subject itself, which cannot but be admitted to be one of

TUESDAY, MAY 27.

MAY 28, 1834.]

Joint Resolution concerning the Deposites.—Rhode Island Election, &c.

[SENATE.

importance and interest. I hope it will receive the the mode of election which he proposed. He condemned deliberate consideration of the committee, as I think the the present mode by electors, and supported and advotime has come when there is a strong and just conviction cated an election of the President immediately by the widely prevailing, that a melioration is both desirable and people. He deprecated an election devolving, in any inpracticable, in the condition, character, habits, morals, stance, on the House of Representatives, and was in favor and happiness, of this indispensable portion of the nation's strength.

Mr. W. moved its reference to the Committee on Commerce; which was agreed to.

Mr. WEBSTER gave notice that he would, to-morrow, move to go into the consideration of Executive business. JOINT RESOLUTION CONCERNING THE REMO.

VAL OF THE DEPOSITES.

Mr. CLAY gave notice that he should, on to-morrow, ask leave to introduce a joint resolution, the object of which would be to re-assert what had been already declared by resolutions of the Senate, that the reasons assigned by the Secretary of the Treasury to Congress, for the removal of the public deposites, are insufficient and unsatisfactory; and to provide that, from and after the 1st day of July next, all deposites which may accrue from the public revenue subsequent to that period, shall be placed in the Bank of the United States and its branches, pursuant to the 16th section of the act to incorporate the subscribers to the United States Bank.

RHODE ISLAND ELECTION.

The CHAIR then commenced calling the general or ders; when, on motion of

Mr. POINDEXTER, the orders preceding the report of the select committee on the Rhode Island election, were postponed, and the Senate proceeded to the consideration of that report.

The reports of the majority and of the minority of the committee were then read, occupying until nearly half past three o'clock.

of providing, that whenever it should happen that no candidate for the Presidency obtained a majority of the whole number of votes given, the election should return to the people, and so, toties quoties, whenever such was the result.

Mr. B. at four o'clock, gave way, without concluding to Mr. MANGUM, on whose motion, The Senate adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, MAY 28.

FREDERICK COUNTY (MD.) MEMORIAL. Mr. CHAMBERS said he was charged with the presentation of a memorial from the voters of the second election district of Frederick county, Maryland. With many of the officers whose names were subscribed to the proceedings, he had a personal acquaintance, and of the others he could speak from undoubted authority, and of all he could say, with entire confidence, that they were men of high standing for their intelligence and general respectability. The memorial treated of the important topics which had been the occasion of so much discussion whole Union, the removal of the deposites, the national here, and of so much interest and anxiety throughout the rialists had expressed themselves in terms strong and enbank, and the protest. Upon these subjects the memoergetic, yet altogether respectful. They recognise the right and the duty of a free people to express their opinions of public measures, and of public men, who are their agents and servants, and deem the present a crisis fit for the exercise of this duty. They claim for Congress the exclusive control of the public treasure, and denounce every effort to transfer that control to the Executive department as a subversion of the first principles of the Mr. WRIGHT asked for the yeas and nays, and they regard to the national treasure, as such an effort. They constitution: they regard the late Executive measures, in Mr. WRIGHT said, he did not feel bound to say a sin-regard the systematic and persevering purpose of the gle word that would excite debate, nor did he intend to and the removal of the deposites in violation of an existPresident to destroy the credit of the United States Bank, propose any amendment, because he thought it better to take the question as proposed by the select committee in ing contract, as unwise, destructive of the interests of the their resolution. This resolution affirmed that Mr. ROB- country, a wanton waste of the money of the people, and BINS had been duly elected a Senator of the United Executive measures to have caused the embarrassed pea high-handed abuse of power. They declare the late States, and, if concurred in by the Senate, the question cuniary condition of the country, by giving a shock to is at once settled. If, therefore, he proposed to amend the resolution so as to make it read that Mr. ROBBINS Credit and confidence, by deranging and depreciating the is not elected, and the amendment should prevail, the next question raised, would be, whether Mr. POTTER has been elected. Consequently, he would prefer taking the question on the resolution as reported by the com

Mr. POINDEXTER then expressed hope that the question would be immediately taken, and without de

bate.

were ordered.

mittee.

paper currency, and by creating a necessity for individuals to withdraw their means from the ordinary and useful channels in which they had operated, to seek protection and security against the ruinous consequences of the experiment. They advocate a national bank as the sole means of preserving a sound currency, and of preventing excessive issues by the local banks, and deprecate the project recommended by the Secretary of the Treasury, YEAS.-Messrs. Bell, Bibb, Calhoun, Chambers, Clay, and proposed by the Committee of Ways and Means in Clayton, Ewing, Frelinghuysen, Hendricks, Kent, Knight, the House, as altogether insufficient for the purposes Leigh, McKean, Mangum, Naudain, Poindexter, Porter, avowed, and injurious to the community. They highly Preston, Silsbee, Smith, Southard, Sprague, Swift, Tip-approve the course of the Senate, in its unyielding pur. ton, Tomlinson, Waggaman, Webster.-27.

The question was then taken, and decided in the affirmative, as follows:

NAYS. Messrs. Benton, Brown, Forsyth, Grundy, Hill, Kane, King of Alabama, King of Georgia, Linn, Morris, Robinson, Shepley, Tallmadge, White, Wilkins, Wright.-16.

pose

the constitution, and condemn, in very pointed terms, the to maintain inviolate the principles and spirit of protest, or appeal to the people by the President, as claiming powers not granted by the constitution, and dangerous to the harmony and perpetuity of our institutions. AMENDMENTS OF THE CONSTITUTION. They hail with gratification the late symptoms of a reThe Senate then proceeded to consider the resolution turning healthful state of public opinion in regard to of Mr. BIBB, proposing an amendment to the constitu- these matters, referring to the late elections in Virginia tion of the United States as it respects the election of and Connecticut, and not omitting those of New York and President and Vice President of the United States.

Mr. BIBB then addressed the Senate in explanation of!

Albany.

Mr. G. said he would not detain the Senate by repeat

SENATE.]

Frederick County (Md.) Memorial.

[MAY 28, 1834.

ing his own views upon the subjects alluded to. They and so able, as to beat it down, and carry against it a mawere well expressed in the memorial, and he had had the jority of the people, who were persuaded by popular honor of making them known on more than one occa speakers and leaders to believe that great public interests sion. He would, however, while on the floor, express required these officers to give place to those who now his surprise at the course pursued by some Senators on occupy their stations; but did we ever see the fruits of that the opposite side; they will not allow to intelligent opposition in the disastrous condition of the country now practical men the least acquaintance with their own con- proved to exist? Sir, we have fully tested what can be cerns-practical men, whose lives were devoted to their effected by the combined powers of talented orators in particular pursuits, to which they had exclusively confi- Congress-we witnessed that "experiment" to its utmost ned themselves, were not permitted to have any acquaint- extent and consummation. But it did not stop your looms, ance with those very departments of business to which it did not fill your streets with objects of charity, willing they had altogether applied their whole attention. Gen- to labor for an honest living, but unable to find employtlemen here knew much better than they did their con-ment-it did not destroy confidence and credit, and prosdition, their necessities, and their prospects. Was it trate all your branches of business-it did not depreciate possible that such an idea could seriously be entertained? your currency, and break your banks, and fill your newsThat portion of the people of Maryland who have issued papers with lists of insolvents and bankrupts it did not this declaration of their opinions, are intelligent; they un-load your table, and stun your ears with the loud comderstand their interests, and they know the practical in-plaints of men of all classes of life, and all shades of politfluence of your financial and political schemes upon their ical sentiment, crying aloud against present embarrassparticular departments of business much better than ment, and predicting worse. Congressional speeches mere politicians do. The merchant, the mechanic, the never did this before, and could not do it now. Those agriculturist, whose subsistence and pecuniary comforts who suffer, know well from whence the blow proceeds, depend upon the successful prosecution of their respec- and know, too, that while the hand that strikes is still retive pursuits, can appreciate more accurately than others, lentless, no voice uttered here can stay the work of dethe precise effect of any given state of things upon their struction. There is a voice elsewhere, the voice of an respective occupations. All their intelligence and acute-indignant, injured people, that can arrest the wild career ness, sharpened by interest and cultivated by experience, of folly and passion, and he trusted it would be heard in are engaged with deep solicitude to understand the bear-tones of thunder.

ing and influence of exterior causes. They are not Mr. C. adverted to the productions of prices current. blinded or misled by the prejudice of politics and party; He had heretofore given to the Senate his views upon they are moved by the great consideration of the security this subject, and had attempted to show, that, with regard and prosperity of trade. They are excited only by the to flour, wheat, corn, and tobacco, the prices were much presence or approach of some enemy to their interests; below the just expectation of those who reared these something that interrupts the regular channel of their products, and much below what they would be but for the useful labor. The contests of individuals for power or injurious influence of the late Executive measures upon office, the strifes of party and partisans, are to them quite the commercial and business transactions of the country. insignificant, in comparison to the steady profitable prog- The well-known law of supply and demand must exert ress of their business. Such men are not expectants of its prevailing effect to an extent which will make it resist, office, or political distinction; they look for happiness, in a considerable degree, the operation of other causes. first in the success of their honest avocations, and then in The last crop of wheat and corn was a small one-corn the private and retired walks of life, enjoying the repose particularly, the demand for which is chiefly at home, which their industry has entitled them to indulge, and the was sold last fall, at the moment when the crop was harintercourse of friendship more durable than that of poli-vested, at a higher price than it will command now, alticians. Such men have presented themselves before us though the loss by waste and diminution of quantity, by by thousands, moved by no impulse of party prejudice or keeping it over six or eight months, is believed to be hostility, for they come with all sorts, all classes, of party equal to fifteen or twenty per cent. It was now only sold names-influenced by no desire to prostrate a dominant in quantities actually necessary for immediate consumppower, for they have, many of them, assisted to establish tion, and the introduction of a large quantity into any one it; they come with an assurance that they see and feel the place would, he had no doubt, immediately reduce the mischievous and ruinous consequences of a course of price. Flour and tobacco were much more dependent measures unwisely adopted by the Executive. They go upon the foreign demand, and he had heretofore offered into detail, and explain how and why these mischiefs are the proofs to show that the prices here had not borne the felt; that the causes continuing, the effect must be pro- usual and fair proportion to the prices abroad, and belonged, and the mischiefs be aggravated; and they point cause the embarrassed condition of the country had lesyou to the appropriate remedy. They will listen with sened the means and resources of those who were usually surprise to the language in which their petitions are an- purchasers. Wheat, at one time, had sold for more than swered; they will, with astonishment, hear it said that they three dollars per bushel, but we all know that it was not do not understand their own case at all; that they do not the result of a condition of the country so very much experience difficulties or embarrassments; that the price more prosperous than it was in the preceding or succeedcurrent proves they are totally ignorant of their own con- ing year. Every one knows that peculiar circumstances cerns when they complain; and their surprise will not be produced the unusual price, circumstances controlled no diminished when they hear the further consistent conclu- doubt by the pecuniary condition of the country, to some sion of the answer, that all they suffer is not, as they extent, but not by any means exclusively arising out of vainly suppose, the result of causes to which they as- that condition. So now these prices attain their present cribe it, but is all attributable to certain political here- rates, not in consequence of the prosperous condition of tics in Congress, who have created a panic by their the country, but in despite of all the pressure, and all the speeches. embarrassment, and all the poverty, and all the wretchWhy, sir, said Mr. C., we have had opposition to an ad-edness, which our rulers have most uselessly brought upon ministration before-we have had violent speeches in a people whose only offence consists in having thoughtCongress-we have had the President and his cabinet lessly indulged their feelings, instead of consulting their charged with all sorts of unwise and mischievous conduct judgments, when they intrusted these rulers with their -we have seen all this in the case of the last administra-confidence.

tion-and we have seen opposition so fierce, so violent,

Mr. C. said he would forbear to extend his remarks,

MAY 28, 1834.]

Restoration of the Deposites.

[SENATE.

and would conclude by asking that the memorial receive ites already placed in the local banks, subject to the regthe usual disposition, and be printed.

The memorial was then referred to the Committee on Finance, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. WEBSTER, from the Committee on Finance, reported a bill to repeal certain provisions of "An act to alter and amend the several acts imposing duties on imports," approved the 14th July, 1832.

[This bill restores the provisoes in the 10th and 12th articles of the 2d section of the act of 14th July, 1832, as relates to hardware, and manufactures of copper and brass, which were, by a subsequent act, i. e. of 2d March, 1833, suspended until the 1st of June, 1834.]

RESTORATION OF THE DEPOSITES.

Mr. CLAY rose and said, that, as the morning business seemed to have been gone through, he should move the Senate for leave to introduce two joint resolutions. He had given notice of one resolution, but, on reflection, he had thought it best to prepare separate resolutions, which, as they were short, he would read in his place:

ular disbursements, according to the provisions of law. It provides prospectively for the lawful resumption of those relations which had heretofore existed between the Treasury of the United States and the Bank of the United States, which relations had been provided for by law, and which had only been interrupted by a violation of law and of the constitution. It might be said that the Senate had no right to usurp the action of the other House, or to originate what would never obtain the sanction of the Executive branch.

Whatever might be the fate of these resolutions at the other end of the Capitol, or in another building, that consideration ought to have no influence on the course of this the country, to proceed in the discharge of its duties, and body. The Senate owed it to its own character, and to to leave it to others, whether at the other end of the Capitol or in another building, to perform their own obligations to the country, according to their own sense of their duty, and their own convictions of responsibility. To Resolved by the Senate and the House of Representatives and to discharge that duty as they might think best. For them it ought to be left to determine what was their duty, of the United States of America in Congress assembled, himself, he should be ashamed to return to his constituThat the reasons, communicated by the Secretary of the ents without having made every lawful effort in his power Treasury in his report to Congress of the 4th of Decem- to cause the restoration of the public deposites to the ber, 1833, for the removal of the deposites of the money United States Bank. of the United States, from the Bank of the United States effecting the restoration of the reign of the constitution While a chance yet remained of and its branches, are insufficient and unsatisfactory. this duty if he failed to make every effort to accomplish and the laws, he felt that he should not have discharged that desirable object.

Resolved, therefore, That all deposites of the money of the United States which may accrue or be received on and after the 1st day of July, 1834, shall be made with the Bank of the United States and its branches, in conformity with the provisions of the act entitled "An act to incorporate the subscribers to the Bank of the United States," approved the 10th April, 1816.

The first resolution, Mr. C. said, it would be perceived, was a mere re-affirmation of one which the Senate had already passed, declaring the insufficiency of the reasons assigned by the Secretary of the Treasury for the removal of the public deposites from the United States Bank and its branches, and their unsatisfactory nature. That resolution was a separate one, and was not intended for the action of the other House; but only to constitute the basis of legislation, if legislation should be found necessary; and to produce the effect which, in his humble opinion, it ought long since to have produced, in the restoration of these deposites to the vaults of the United States Bank, by the Secretary of the Treasury, without any further action on the part of Congress. He would not again state the reasons which had brought him to this conclusion, as he had so recently laid them at length before the

Senate.

had already passed, and waiting two months to see wheThe Senate, after passing the resolution which they ther the Executive would conform his course to the views expressed by this branch of the Legislature; after waiting had declared it to be, was still persevered in, and seeing all this time, and perceiving that the error, as the Senate the wide and rapid sweep of ruin over every section of the country, there was still one measure left which might arrest the evil, and that was in the offering of these resolutions-to present them to this body; and, if they passed here, to send them to the other House; and, should they pass them, to present to the President the plain question, if he will return to the constitutional track; or, in opposition to the expressed will of the Legislature, retain the control over the millions of public money which are already deposited in the local banks, and which are still coming in there.

To-morrow (continued Mr. C.) will be the last day of one entire year, since we have had a Secretary of the Treasury of the United States appointed in conformity to the provisions of the constitution of the United States. Unless the Executive nomination is to be found in the But that was a separate resolution of this body, and this communications which have been brought to the Senate was a joint one. To the former it had been objected on this morning, it will be one year to-morrow since there this floor, and also in the country, and, as he believed, by has been a head of that department, holding the office the President of the United States also, in his protest, and performing the duties, by and with the advice and that it was a mere abstract proposition, not necessary to be introduced, and which would not lead to any particular measure of legislation. He thought that there was nothing at all in that objection; but, in order to prevent any person from being misled by it, he had deemed it proper to submit the first of these resolutions.

consent of the Senate, conformably to the constitution. It has been asked on another occasion, Why this great anxiety for the nomination of persons who have been appointed during the recess? For no other reason than that the constitution requires the nominations to be made. It The second resolution states that all deposites of the nations, in order that we may reject them? There is no had been asked, if we were anxious to receive the nomimoney of the United States which may accrue or be re-one who has a right to put such a question. It is sufficient ceived on and after the 1st day of July, 1834, shall be to answer, that the constitution requires the nominations made with the Bank of the United States and its branches, to be made; and to say that this has not been done. And in conformity with the provisions of the act entitled An we might retort, if it were proper to go into any inquiry act to incorporate the subscribers to the Bank of the Uni- as to motives, Why is the nomination of a Secretary of the ted States,' approved the 10th April, 1816." The effect of the second resolution, it would be per- to nominate an individual who, it is known, will prove unTreasury withheld? Is it kept back because it is designed ceived, if adopted, would be to leave the Treasury De-acceptable to this body? But it is not my purpose to go partment at full liberty to continue its experiment until into the consideration of these questions; or, indeed, to the first of July next. It would leave the public depos- I say any thing on the subject of the resolutions, which can