"Shall the bill 99 pass ? If a majority of the members vote "aye," it is passed; if not, it is lost.

When a bill is passed by one house, it is sent to the other, when it is duly considered and voted upon. If it passes that house, without amendment, it is sent to the Governor for his approval; and if he approves it he attaches his signature and it becomes a law.

If a bill is amended in the second house, it is sent back to the house where it originated; and when both houses finally agree, the bill is sent to the Governor.

If the Governor does not approve the bill, he declines to sign it, and returns it with his reasons for withholding his approval, to the house where it originated. This act of the Governor is called his veto, which is a Latin word, meaning, I forbid. Notwithstanding the veto, if two-thirds of the members of both houses shall, thereafter, approve the bill, it becomes a law.

If any bill be not returned by the Governor within ten days, Sundays excepted, after it has been presented to him, it becomes a law, as if he had signed it, unless the Legislature, by their adjournment, prevent its return; in which case it does not become a law.

The Governor may approve, sign, and file in the office of the Secretary of State, within five days after the adjournment of the Legislature, any act passed during the last five days of the session; and the same thereupon becomes a law.

The Legislature elect United States Senators. Each State is entitled to two Senators, who are elected for the term of six years.

Questions-When the two houses of the Legislature are organized, what duty does the Governor perform? What is said of the appointment of committees? How many committees has the Senate? How many committees has the House of Representatives? What are

the duties of these committees ? What is a bill? When a bill is introduced, what course is usually pursued with reference to it? In case a member wishes to introduce a bill, what does he do? When a bill is passed in one house, what is done with it? How can a bill become a law when the Governor refuses to approve it? State what becomes of a bill if not returned by the Governor within ten days from the time it is presented to him. In case of an adjournment before all the bills passed have been returned by the Governor, how may they become effectual as laws? What members of Congress do the Legislature elect?

CHAPTER XXIV.

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT

DUTIES OF THE GOVERNOR AND

OTHER OFFICERS.

The Executive department is vested in the Governor, who, in the discharge of his duties, is assisted by a number of subordinate officers.

A person to be eligible to the office of Governor or Lieutenant-Governor, must have been a citizen of the United States for at least five years, and a resident of this State two years next preceding his election, and must be thirty years of age or upwards.

The Governor and Lieutenant-Governor are elected for two years.

The Governor is Commander-in-Chief of the military and naval forces of the State, and may call out such forces to execute the laws, to suppress insurrections, and to repel invasions. He transacts all necessary business for the State with the officers of the government. He inay convene the Legislature on extraordinary occasions.

He informs the Legislature of such measures as he deems expedient.

He may grant reprieves, commutations, and pardons fo all offenses except treason and cases of impeachment. If a person has been found guilty of an offense and is sentenced to be punished, the Governor has power to postpone or put off the time when the punishment shall commence. This is called a reprieve. If he should set the person free and discharge him from punishment, this would be called a pardon.

By commutation is meant the change of a punishment to which a person has been condemned, into a less severe one.

The Lieutenant-Governor is, by virtue of his office, President of the Senate, and in case of the impeachment of the Governor, his removal from office, death, inability, resignation, or absence from the State, the duties of the office devolve upon the Lieutenant-Governor.

The Secretary of State is an executive officer. It is his duty to countersign all commissions issued by the Governor. The original acts of the Legislature are deposited with him. He is to furnish laws for publication; to distribute the statutes; to give notice of vacancies to be filled at a general election; to record statements of votes transmitted by County Clerks, and the statement of State Canvassers; to issue certificates of election to United States Senators; to record deeds and other evidences of title in the State; to countersign State bonds and certificates, and to discharge many other duties prescribed by law.

Questions-In whom is the executive department vested? What are the qualifications for Governor? For how long a term are Governor and Lieutenant-Governor elected? What is the Governor's relation to the military and naval forces of the State? Enumerate other powers

and duties of the Governor. What is a Reprieve? Pardon? Commutation? What are some of the duties of Lieutenant-Governor ? Mention some of the duties of Secretary of State.

CHAPTER XXV.

The Auditor-General may be called an executive officer. Among the many duties he is required to perform, the following may be mentioned: He is to state accounts and liquidate claims against the State; to adjust claims in favor of the State; to keep accounts between the Treasurer and the State; to report to the Legislature upon the funds of the State; to estimate and charge specific tax on corporations, and to issue warrants for the collection thereof; to apportion the State tax, and to make out and transmit to the clerks of Boards of Supervisors statements of amounts apportioned to counties.

The State Treasurer has charge of the public moneys that are paid into the State Treasury. It is his duty to make a report to the Legislature, embracing a statement of the balance in the Treasury to the credit of the State, with a summary of the receipts and payments made by the Treasury.

The Commissioner of the State Land Office has the general charge of all lands belonging to the State, or in which it has an interest; and he is authorized to lease, sell, and dispose of the same in the manner prescribed by law.

The Superintendent of Public Instruction has the general

supervision of public instruction in the State, and of the State Reform School. It is his duty to transmit to the Governor, to be by him transmitted to the Legislature, a report containing,

First.-A statement of the condition of the University and of all incorporated literary institutions and primary schools. Second.-Estimates and amounts of expenditures of the school moneys.

Third-Plans for the improvement and management of all educational funds, and for the better organization of the educational system, if, in his opinion, the same be required.

Fourth. The condition of the Normal School.

Fifth. The annual reports and accompanying documents, as far as he shall deem the same of sufficient public interest, of the Board of Control of the State Reform School.

He is required to publish the school laws, and to furnish necessary forms for conducting proceedings under such laws; to apportion the school fund, and to do many other acts provided for by law.

The Attorney-General is the law-officer of the State. The following are some of his duties:

He is to prosecute and defend for the State, in actions in the Supreme Court, and in other courts, when directed so to do by the Governor or the Legislature; to prosecute and defend. suits on request of State officers; to consult with and advise Prosecuting Attorneys; to appear for the State before State Auditors.

Questions-Mention some of the duties of the Auditor-General.. Of the Commissioner of the State Land Office. Of Superintendent of Public Instruction. Of the Attorney-General.