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SCENE I.

My father's of a better nature, sir,

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Than he appears by speech; this is unwonted, Which now came from him."

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Ant. He misses not much.

41.

Seb. No; he doth but mistake the truth totally. Gon. But the rarity of it is (which is indeed almost beyond credit)-

Seb. As many vouch'd rarities are.

Gon. That our garments, being, as they were, drenched in the sea, hold, notwithstanding, their freshness, and glosses; being rather new dy'd than stain'd with salt water.

Ant. If but one of his pockets could speak, would it not say, he lies?

Seb. Ay, or very falsely pocket up his report. Gon. Methinks, our garments are now as fresh as when we put them on first in Africk, at the mar riage of the king's fair daughter Claribel to the king of Tunis.

Seb. 'Twas a sweet marriage, and we prosper

well in our return.

Adr. Tunis was never graced before with such a paragon to their queen.

Gun. Not since widow Dido's time.

Ant. Widow? a pox o' that! How came that widow in? Widow Dido!

Seb. What if he had said widower Eneas too? good lord, how you take it!

Adr. Widow Dido, said you? you make me study of that: she was of Carthage, not of Tunis. Gon. This Tunis, sir, was Carthage. Adr. Carthage?

Gon. I assure you, Carthage.

Ant. His word is more than the miraculous harp.
Seb. He hath rais'd the wall, and houses too.
Ant.. What impossible matter will he make easy

Gon. When every grief is entertam'd, that's next? offe='d,

Comes to the entertainer

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Gon. Dolour comes to him, indeed; you have spoken truer than you purposed.

Seh. You have taken it wiselier than I meant you should.

Gon. The refore, my lord,

Seb. I think he will carry this island home in his pocket, and give it his son for an apple. Ant. And sowing the kernels of it in the sea, bring forth more islands. Gon. Ay?

Ant. Why, in good time.

Gon. Sir, we were talking that our garments seem now as fresh as when we were at Tunis at

Ant. Fie, what a spendthrift is he of his tongue! the marriage of your daughter, who is now queen,

Alon. I pr'ythee, spare.

Gon. Well, I have: But yet

Seb. He will be talking.

Ant. Which of them, he, or Adrian, for a good

wager, first begins to crow?

Seh. The old cock.

Ant. The cockrel.

Seb. Done: The wager?

Ant. A laughter.

Seb. A match.

Adr. Though this island seem to be desert,→→

Seb. Ha, ha, ha!

Ant. So you've pay'd.

Ant. And the rarest that e'er came there,
Seb. 'Bate, I beseech you, widow Dido.
Ant. O, widow Dido; ay, widow Dido.

Gon. Is not, sir, my doublet as fresh as the first

day I wore it? I mean, in a sort,

Aut. That sort was well fish'd for.

Gon. When I wore it at your daughter's mar riage?

Alon. You cram these words into mine ears,

against

The stomach of my sense: 'Would I had never
Married my daughter there! for, coming thence,
My son is lost; and, in my rate, she too,

Adr. Uninhabitable, and almost inaccessible,- Who is so far from Italy remov'd,

Seb. Yet,-

Adr. Yet.

Ant. He could not miss it.

Adr. It must needs be of subtle, tendor, and delicate tenperance.4

Ant. Temperance was a delicate wench. Seb. Ay, and a subtle; as he most learnedly delivered.

Adr. The air breathes upon us here most sweetly.
Seb. As if it had lungs, and rotten ones.
Ant. Or, as 'twere perfumed by a fen.

Gon. Here is every thing advantageous to life.
Ant. True; save means to live.
Seb. Of that there's none, or little.

Gon. How lush' and lusty the grass looks! how

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Seb. Sir, you may thank yourself for this great loss;

That would not bless our Europe with your daughter,

But rather lose her to an African;

5 Lush is luxuriant, in like manner luscious is used in A Midsummer Night's Dream:

"Quite over-canopied with luscious wombine.” 6 That is, with a shade or small portion of green. "Red with an eye of blue makes a purple "-Boyle. 7 Alluding to the wonders of Aniphior's music

8 That is, in a manner or degree.

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Very foul.

Gon. Had I a plantation of this isle, my lord,-
Ant. He'd sow it with nettle-seed.
Seb.
Or docks, or mallows.
Gon. And were the king of it, What would I do?
Seb. 'Scape getting drunk, for want of wine.
Gon. I' the commonwealth I would by contraries
Execute all things: for no kind of traffic3
Would I admit; no name of magistrate;
Letters should not be known; riches, poverty,
And use of service, none; contract, succession,
Bourn, bound of land, tilth, vineyard, none:
No use of metal, corn, or wine, or oil:
No occupation; all men idle, all;

And women too; but innocent and pure:
No sovereignty:-

Seb. And yet he would be king on't. Ant. The latter end of his commmonwealth forgets the beginning.

Gon. All things in common nature should produce

Without sweat or endeavour: treason, felony,
Sword, pike, knife, gun, or need of any engine,4
Would I not have; but nature should bring forth,
Of its own kind, all foison, all abundance,
To feed my innocent people.

5

Seb. No marrying among his subjects? Ant. None, man; all idle; whores, and knaves. Gon. I would with such perfection govern, sir, To excel the golden age.

Seb.

'Save his majesty!

Ant. Long live Gonzalo ! Gon. And, do you mark me, sir ?Alon. Pr'ythee, no more: thou dost talk nothing to me.

Gon. I do well believe your highness; and did it to minister occasion to these gentlemen, who are of such sensible and nimble lungs, that they always use to laugh at nothing.

Ant. 'Twas you we laughed at.

Gon. Who, in this kind of merry fooling, am nothing to you; so you may continue, and laugh at nothing still.

Ant. What a blow was there given?
Seb. An it had not fallen flat-long.

Gon. You are gentlemen of brave mettle: you

1 i. e. Deliberated, was in suspense.

2 See note on Twelfth Night, Act v. Sc. 1.

3 See Montaigne's Essays translated by John Florio, ol. 1603, Chap. "Of the Caniballes."

4 An engine was a term applied to any kind of machine in Shakspeare's age

5 Foison is only another word for plenty or abun dance of provision, but chiefly of the fruits of the earth. In a subsequent scene we have

"Earth's increase, and foison plenty."

6 See Montaigne as cited before.

7 Warburton remarks that "all this dialogue is a fine sature on the Utopian Treatise of Government, and the

I would lift the moon out of her sphere, if she would continue in it five weeks without changing."

Enter ARIEL, invisible, playing solemn music. Seb. We would so, and then go bat-fowling. Ant. Nay, good my lord, be not angry. Gor. No, I warrant you; I will not adventure my discretion so weakly. Will you laugh me asleep, for I am very heavy?

Ant. Go sleep, and hear us.

[All sleep but ALON. SEB. and ANT. Alon. What, all so soon asleep! I wish mine eyes Would, with themselves, shut up my thoughts: I

find,

They are inclined to do so.

Seb.

Please you, sir,

Do not omit the heavy offer of it:
It seldom visits sorrow; when it doth,
It is a comforter.

Ant.

We two, my lord,

Will guard your person, while you take your rest, And watch your safety.

Alon.

Thank you: Wondrous heavy. JALONSO sleeps. Exit ARIEL. Seb. What a strange drowsiness possesses them! Ant. It is the quality o' the climate. Why

Seb.

Doth it not then our eye-lids sink? I find not
Myself dispos'd to sleep.
Ant.
Nor I; my spirits are nimble.
They fell together all, as by consent;
They dropp'd, as by a thunder-stroke. What might
Worthy Sebastian?-O, what might ?—No more ;-
And yet, methinks, I see it in thy face,
What thou should'st be: the occasion speaks thee;
and

My strong imagination sees a crown
Dropping upon thy head.

Seb.

What, art thou waking? Ant. Do you not hear me speak? Seb.

I do; and, surely, It is a sleepy language; and thou speak'st Out of thy sleep: What is it thou didst say? This is a strange repose, to be asleep With eyes wide open; standing, speaking, moving, And yet so fast asleep. Ant. Noble Sebastian, Thou let'st thy fortune sleep-die rather; wink'st Whiles thou art waking.

Seb.

Thou dost snore distinctly; There's meaning in thy snores. Ant. I am more serious than my custom: you Must be so too, if heed me; which to do, Trebles thee o'er."

Seb. Well; I am standing water. Ant. I'll teach you how to flow. Seb. Hereditary sloth instructs thee. Ant.

0,

Do so: to ebb,

If you but knew how you the purpose cherish,
Whiles thus you mock it! how, in stripping it,
You more invest it! Ebbing men, indeed,
Most often do so near the bottom run,
By their own fear, or sloth.

Seb.

Pr'ythee, say on: The setting of thine eye, and cheek, proclaim A matter from thee; and a birth, indeed, Which threes thee much to yield.

impracticable inconsistent schemes therein recom. mended."

8 Antonio apparently means to say, "You must be more serious than you usually are, if you would pay attention to my proposals; which attention, if you be stow it, will in the end make you thrice what you are." 9 Sebastian introduces the simile of water. It is ta ken up by Antonio, who says he will teach his stagnant waters to flow. "It has already learned to ebb," says Sebastian. To which Antonio replies "O, if you but knew how much even that metaphor, which you use in jest, encourages the design which I hint at how, in stripping it of words of their common meaning, and using them figuratively, you adapt them to your own situation.”—Edinburgh Magazine Nov. 1786

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Naples

Can have no note, unless the sun were post,
(The man i' the moon's too slow,) till new-born
chins

Be rough and razorable: she, from whom

We all were sea-swallow'd, though some cast again;
And, by that destiny, to perform an act,
Whereof what's past is prologue; what to come,
In your's and my discharge.1

Seb. What stuff is this?-How say you?
'Tis true, my brother's daughter's queen of Tunis;
So is she heir of Naples; 'twixt which regions
There is some space.

Ant.
A space whose every cubit
Seems to cry out, How shall that Claribel
Measure us back to Naples ?-Keep in Tunis,
And let Sebastian wake!-Say, this were death
That now hath seiz'd them; why they were no

worse

Than now they are: There be, that can rule
Naples,

As well as he that sleeps; lords, that can prate
As amply, and unnecessarily,

As this Gonzalo; I myself could make

A chought of as deep chat. O, that you bore
The mind that I do! what a sleep were this
For your advancement! Do you understand me?
Seb. Methinks, I do.
Ant.

And how does your content
Tender your own good fortune?
Seb.

I remember,

True:

You did supplant your brother Prospero.

Ant.
And, look, how well my garments sit upon me;
Much feater than before: My brother's servants
Were then my fellows, now they are my men.

Seb. But, for your conscience

Ant. Ay, sir; where lies that? if it were a kybe,
"Twould put me to my slipper; but I feel not
This deity in my bosom: twenty consciences,
That stand 'twixt me and Milan, candied be they,
And melt, ere they molest! Here lies your brother,
No better than the earth he lies upon,

If he were that which now he's like, that's dead;
Whom I, with this obedient steel, three inches of it,
Can lay to bed for ever: whiles you, doing thus,
To the perpetual wink for aye might put
This ancient morsel, this sir Prudence, who

1 i. e. The utmost extent of the prospect of ambition, the point where the eye can pass no farther.

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Music. Re-enter ARIEL, invisible.

Ari. My master through his art foresees the danger

6

That you, his friend, are in; and sends me forth
For else his projects die, to keep them living.
[Sings in GONZALO's ear.

While you here do snoring lie,
Open-ey'd conspiracy

His time doth take:

If of life you keep a care,

Shake off slumber, and beware:
Awake! awake!

Ant. Then let us both be sudden.
Gon. Now, good angels, preserve the king.
[They wake.
Alon. Why, how now, ho! awake! Why are
you drawn?

Wherefore this ghastly looking?
Gon.
What's the matter?
Seb. Whiles we stood here securing your repose,
Even
now,
we heard a hollow burst of bellowing
Like bulls, or rather lions; did it not wake you?
It struck mine ear most terribly.
Alon.
I heard nothing.
To make an earthquake; sure it was the roar
Ant. O, 'twas a din to fright a monster's ear;

Of a whole herd of lions.

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Alon.
Ari. Prospero my lord shall know what I have
[Aside.

done :

So, king, go safely on to seek thy son. [Exeunt.

SCENE II. Another part of the Island. Enter
CALIBAN, with a burden of Wood. A noise of
Thunder heard.

Cal. All the infections that the sun sucks up
From bogs, fens, flats, on Prosper fall, and make him
By inch-meal a disease! His spirits hear me,
And yet I needs must curse. But they'll nor pinch,
Fright me with urchin shows, pitch me i' the mire,
Nor lead me, like a fire-brand, in the dark,

3 What is past is the prologue to events which are to

4 A chough is a bird of the jackdaw kind.

5 Suggestion is frequently used in the sense of temp. tation, or seduction, by Shakspeare and his contemporaries. The sense here is, that they will adopt and bear witness to any tale that may be dictated to them.

2 The commentators have treated this as a remark-come; that depends on wha you and I are to perform. able instance of Shakspeare's ignorance of geography; but though the real distance between Naples and Tunis is not so immeasurable, the intercourse in early times between the Neapolitans and the Tunisians was not Bo frequent as to make it popularly considered less than a formidable voyage; Shakspeare may however be countenanced in his poetical exaggeration, when we remember that Eschylus has placed the river Eridanus in Spain; and that Appolonius Rhodius describes the Rhone and the Po as meeting in one and discharging themselves into the Gulf of Venice,

6 The old copies read "For else his project dies." By the transposition of a letter, this passage, which has much puzzled the editors, is rendered more intelligible

"to keep them living," relates to projects, and not to Alonzo and Gonzalo, as Steevens and Johnson er roneously supposed

Out of my way, unless he bid them; but
For every trifle are they set upon me:
Sometimes like apes, that moe' and chatter at me,
And after, bite me; then like hedge-hogs, which
Lie tumbling in my bare-foot way, and mount
'Their pricks at my foot-fall; sometime am I
All wound with adders, who, with cloven tongues,
Do hiss me into madness:-Lo! now! lo!

Enter TRINCULO.

Here comes a spirit of his; and to torment me,
For bringing wood in slowly: I'll fall flat;
Perchance he will not mind me.

Trin. Here's neither bush nor shrub, to bear off any weather at all, and another storm brewing: I hear it sing i' the wind: yond' same black cloud, yond' huge one, looks like a foul bumbard3 that would shed his liquor. If it should thunder, as it did before, I know not where to hide my head: yond' same cloud cannot choose but fall by pailfuls.What have we here? a man or a fish? Dead or alive? A fish: he smells like a fish; a very ancient and fish-like smell; a kind of, not of the newest, Poor-John. A strange fish! Were I in England now, (as once I was,) and had but this fish painted, not a holiday-fool there but would give a piece of silver: there would this monster make a man ;* any strange beast there makes a man: when they will not give a doit to relieve a lame beggar, they will lay out ten to see a dead Indian. Legg'd like a man! and his fins like arms! Warm, o' my troth! I do now let loose my opinion, hold it no longer; this is no fish but an islander, that hath lately suffered by a thunderbolt. [Thunder.] Alas! the storm is come again: my best way is to creep under his garberdine; there is no other shelter hereabout: Misery acquaints a man with strange bed-fellows. I will here shroud, till the dregs of the storm be past.

Enter STEPHANO, singing; a bottle in his hand.
Ste. I shall no more to sea, to sea,
Here shall I die ashore ;-

This is a very scurvy tune to sing at a man's fu

neral :

Well, here's my comfort.

[Drinks.

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[Drinks.

Cal. Do not torment me: O! Ste. What's the matter? Have we devils here? Do you put tricks upon us with savages, and men of Inde Ha! I have not scap'd drowning, to be afeard now of your four legs; for it hath been said, As proper a man as ever went on four legs, cannot

1 To moe is to make mouths. "To make a moe like an ape. Distorquere os. Rictum deducere."-Baret. 2 Pricks is the ancient word for prickles.

3 A bumbard is a black jack of leather, to hold beer, &c.

4 i. e. make a man's fortune. Thus in A Midsum. mer Night's Dream

"We are all made men."

And in the old comedy of Ram Alley

"She's a wench

. Was born to make us all."

make him give ground: and it shall be said so again, while Stephano breathes at nostrils.

Cal. The spirit torments me: O!

Ste. This is some monster of the isle, with four legs; who hath got, as I take it, an ague: Where the devil should he learn our language? I will give him some relief, if it be but for that: if I can recover him, and keep him tame, and get to Naples with him, he's a present for any emperor that ever trod on neat's-leather.

Cal. Do not torment me, pr'ythee; I'll bring my wood home faster.

Ste. He's in his fit now; and does not talk after the wisest. He shall taste of my bottle: if he hath never drunk wine afore, it will go near to remove his fit: ifI can recover him, and keep him tame, I will not take too much" for him : he shall pay for him that hath him, and that soundly.

Cal. Thou dost me yet but little hurt; thou wilt Anon, I know it by thy trembling: Now Prosper works upon thee.

Ste. Come on your ways; open your mouth; here is that which will give language to you, cat open your mouth: this will shake your shaking, can tell you, and that soundly: you cannot tell who's your friend: open your chaps again.

Trin. I should know that voice: It should beBut he is drowned; and these are devils: O! de fend me !

Ste. Four legs, and two voices; a most delicate monster! His forward voice now is to speak wel of his friend; his backward voice is to utter foul speeches, and to detract. If all the wine in my bottle will recover him, I will help his ague; Come,- -Amen! will pour some in thy other mouth.

Trin. Stephano,

Ste. Doth thy other mouth call me? Mercy! mercy! This is a devil, and no monster: I will leave him; I have no long spoon.R

Trin. Stephano!-If thou beest Stephano, touch me, and speak to me; for I am Trinculo;be not afeard,-thy good friend Trinculo.

pull thee by the lesser legs; If any he Trinculo's Ste. If thou beest Trinculo, come forth; I'll legs, these are they. Thou art very Trinculo, indeed: How cam'st thou to be the siege of this moon-calf? Can he vent Trinculos?

Trin. I took him to be killed with a thunderstroke-But art thou not drowned, Stephano? I hope now, thou art not drowned. Is the storm overblown? I hid me under the dead moon-calf's1o gaberdine, for fear of the storm: And art thou fiving, Stephano? O Stephano, two Neapolitans 'scap'd!

Ste. Pr'ythee, do not turn me about; my stomach is not constant.

Cal. These be fine things, an if they be not
sprites.

That's a brave god, and bears celestial liquor:
I will kneel to him.

thou hither? swear by this bottle, how thou cam's Ste. How did'st thou 'scape? How cam'st hither. I escaped upon a butt of sack, which the sailors heaved over-board, by this bottle! which I Chapman's version of the fourth Book of the Odyssey • The sea calves savour was

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So passing sowre (they still being bred at seas)
It much afflicted us, for who can please

To lie by one of these same sea-bred whales "

6 No impertinent hint to those who indulge in the con stant use of wine. When it is necessary for them as medicine, it produces no effect.

7 Any sum, ever so much, an ironical expression im plying that he would get as much as he could for him. 8 Shakspeare gives his characters appropriate lan"Aguage, "They belch forth proverbs in their drink,"

Good liquor will make a cat speak," and "he who eats with the devil had need of a long spoon." The last is again used in The Comedy of Errors, Act iv. Sc. 2 9 Siege for stool, and in the dirtiest sense of the

5 A gaberdine was a coarse outer garment. shepherd's pelt, frock, or gaberdine, such a coarse long jacket as our porters wear over the rest of their garments," says Cotgrave. "A kind of rough cassock or frock like an Irish mantle," says Philips. It is from the low Latin Galvardina, whence the French Galvar-word. din and Gaban. One would almost think Shakspeare 10 The best account of the moon calf may be found in had been acquainted with the following passage in Drayton's poem with that uitle

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