24 Progress of Anecdotal Literature. another suit, for the good service it had commer, Of two cold Winters, and one scorching Summer." p. 10. No. 37. A Spanish Traveller.- Spaniard travelling from Dover towards London, being benighted, was fore'd to knock at a poore Alehouse for lodging; the Hos tesse demanding his name, he told her it was Don Pedro Gonzales Guietan, de Guevezra: to whom the good woman answered, Alas, Sir, my small house neither affords roome nor meat for so many." p. 25. No. 105. A Gormondizer. A Gor mondizing fellow protesting to a friend of bis, that hee loved him as well as he loved his soule: I thanke you, Sir (said he) with all my heart; but I had rather you loved me as well as you love your body." p. 89. The second part of this Work was printed by M. Flesher, for Richard Royston, in Ivy-lane, 1633, p. 156; and is accompanied by the following poetical apology: "My eldest brother, having had the grace, Of three Impressions (late) in two yeares No. 143. 'One being demanded why great men were not so liberall to Poets in these our dayes, as in former times, and they have been made answer: that their consciences tell them how unworthy they are of praises given them by Poets." p. 119. No. 186. "Hard of Beliefe.-I have beard of a great Magistrate, that being often deceived by false rumours of Queen Elizabeth's death, protested that hee would never believe shee was dead, untill he saw it under her owue hand." p. 146. This story has since found its way into more recent collections. Such are the leading features in Anecdotal History, prior to the Rebellion, when Wit was proscribed in common with Art and Science. We have traced its progress as far as the year 1639, at which period every person was so taken up with the Polemic publications of the time, that little upon any other subject could ob [Jan. tain a sale. The horrors of War were followed by the gloom of Puritanism, and, although we respect the good order and regularity which it maintained in every family, we cannot but regret that sour sternness, which blighted both science and conviviality; and the times when the man who was so bold as to profess himself a Wit, or to enliven those cheerless days by occasional hilarity, was certain to be looked upon as one of the ungodly. Yet were Pembroke, Marten, and Chaloner, men who ranked amongst the reformers in Church and State, not boon-companions only, but unprincipled libertines, and of far less morality than the calumniated Royalists. We have now passed the anecdotes of former ages, and are about to enter upon a series comparatively modern, when a more sprightly style was introduced: in order, how ever, to connect the Jests of the reign of Charles II. with the Apothegmes of the preceding æra, it was necessary to explain why, during the Usurpation, specimens of this department of literature are not to be found. Yet there is a work to be included in the antient class, which appears to be the last of them, and in the perusal of which, we divest ourselves utterly of the Critic, and approach it with true Bibliomaniac gratification: it is entitled, "Worcester's Apothegmes; or, Witty Sayings of the Right Honourable Henry (late) Marquess of Worcester, delivered upon several occasions, and now published for the benefit of the Reader. By T. B. a constant observer, and no lesse admirer of his Lordship's wisdom and loyalty." "Et prodesse volunt et delectare." "London: printed by J. Clowes, for Edward Blackmore, at the Angel in St. Paul's Church-yard, 1660," pp. 114. Apoth. 60. Prefixed to this volume is a curious wood-cut, representing King Charles I. and the Marquess, with a third person standing behind a king with a pair of scales, in which his Majesty puts a piece of money. In external appearance it differs but little from the collections which have already passed in long review,' but in spirit and interest excels them all : instead of the neat but light airy sketches 1821.] Anecdotal Literature.—Marquis of Worcester. sketches of character which the editors of Peele and Tarleton have given us, we have here the full portrait drawn by a master's hand, and executed with true dignity. Yet were it possessed of no other qualification whatsoever, it bears indisputable claim to notice as the only work of this kind during the gloom of the Usurpation: as a Chronicle of Piety, Loyalty, and Affection, it deserves a place in every Library, and is well worthy the attention of a spirited Editor. Before we proceed to its contents, it will be proper to give a brief account of the Nobleman, whose name it bears. HENRY SOMERSET*, second son to Edward, Earl of Worcester, was born in Herefordshire, 1577: he was edu cated at Magdalen College, Oxford, which he quitted for the sake of travel; and on the death of his elder brother, became Lord Herbert of Ragland: in 1627 he succeeded to the Earldom. In private life he was domestic, virtuous, and devout; and ventured but little into public till the Rebellion, when he came forward to assist his Sovereign, and was created Marquis of Worcester at Oxford, November 2, 1642. In 1645, after the fatal battle of Naseby, he entertained the King at Ragland Castle, which fortress he afterwards defended against the Rebels, and which was the last garrison in England or Wales that held out for Charles I. It was surrendered, August 19, 1646, on honourable terms, which were basely violated, and the Marquis himself seized, and committed to custody in London, where he died in the same year, and was interred at Windsor. His sayings were collected and published by his loyal friend, and fellowsufferer, Dr. Thomas Bayley; many of them were afterwards incorporated into a small tract, entitled, "Witty Apothegms delivered at several times and upon several occasions, by K. James 1. K. Charles I. Marquis of Worcester, Lord Bacon, and Sir Thomas More," Lond. 12mo, 1658: a work which Granger considers as decidedly spurious. Apoth. 8. "When the King first entered the Castle of Raglan, the Marquesse kiss'd the King's hand, and rising up * Wood, Ath. Ox. edit. Bliss, vol. III. col. 199. GENT. MAG, January, 1821. 25 again, he saluted his Majesty with this compliment, Domine, non sum dignus.' The King replyed unto the Marquesse, My Lord, I may very well answer you again, I have not found so great faith in Israel,' *****. To which the Marquesse replied, I hope your Majesty will prove a defender of the Faith'." Apoth. 27. "He was wont to say, councel was requited with choller, and That a plain dealing friend, whose friendly disgust, was like a [kindled] turfe, that (whilst a man bestowed breath upon it to enliven it) returnes thankes to the wellwiller, by spitting fire in his face." Apoth. 57. "When it was told his Lordship not many hours before he dyed, that leave was obtained by the Parliament, that he might be buried in Windsor Castle: (where there is a peculiar for the family, within the great chappell, and wherein divers of his ancestors lies [lie] buried) with some sprightlinesse be spake aloud, God bless us all! why then I shall take a better Castle when I am dead, than they took from me whilst I was alive?" Such was the salt of that despotic age; but Wit was about to experience a much warmer reception under a happier reign. The change, however, produced little benefit; the broad indelicacy of our earlier Jesters was forgotten, and with it that coarseness of language which once while the passed for pleasantry: carelessness which prevailed under Charles II. although it served to polish our tongue, rendered its poisons more deadly, as it shed a gloss over them, afterwards unveiled by Collier, and palliated by Congreve, At Court, conversation was merriment itself, and the model was but too closely imitated in private life; the courtiers who thus trifled away their time, may find some extenuation, if not excuse, for their con duct; they were men, who having been well born, and well educated, had not only shewn great personal courage during the late wars, but endured numerous hardships for the sake of their Sovereign. The Usurpation drove them into exile, where they lived in indigence, and braved poverty as they had before braved death. At length the mighty work of Providence once more settled England, and they were restored to the gaieties of the Court, and the favour of their King; and the man must 26 Dr. Francis Mansel.-Court of Portugal. must have been of a disposition peculiarly cold, who could not testify his gratification at his country's welfare by unrestrained rejoicings. The good-humoured Monarch (for we have no just reason here to view him in any other light), was pleased with the hilarity of his subjects, and observed a line of conduct which was calculated to gratify their prejudices, when it could not win their esteem: still we must accuse him of neglect to the needy Loyalists, who had lost all in his cause; of this, Butler is a sad and shameful example, and the reader cannot but pity the man who was deserted with ingratitude, and whose wit, bright as it beamed, could scarcely insure him existence. In the mean time, conviviality, in its widest sense, was professed by the Court, and followed by the nation; hence the levity which thence prevailed, and hence the numerous collections of Jests which now load the shelves of the Bibliomaniac; the greater portion of them, however, are deservedly forgotten, and we may exclaim, curst be he that moves these bones,' without any great of fence to Literature. 66 as Before we enter upon the Jest Books' of this reign, we wish to take a decent leave of the Apothegms, from which we have derived so much pleasure. The last specimens that occur, are from the mouth of Dr. Francis Mansel, Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, a man excellent for his sufferings as for his extraction." He resigned his Headship of Jesus to Sir Eubule Thelwall, knt. on whose decease he was again chosen, but ejected in 1643—a proceeding which cannot but excite the indignation of every Loyalist against the Visitors. At the Restoration he was reinstated, and refused a Bishoprick, on account of his age and infirmities; after which he resigned his situation to Dr. Jenkins, whom he had brought up to loyalty. Lloyd has preserved three, which he calls the most remarkable of his sayings; viz. “That the mind should be always bent and plodding, for slackness breeds worms. -Keep your own virtues, and by observation and imitation, naturalize other * Æsop thought differently. [Jan. men's. A good digestion turneth all to health." He died in 1661, leaving the remains of his sequestered estate to Jesus College. As a proof of his unimpeachable life, it is sufficient to observe, that in the Cambrian Register he is classed among the Wor thies of Wales. Extracts from the Memoirs of the THE HE following Anecdotes will be acceptable, particularly at the present unsettled state of affairs in the Peninsula. "The Favourite * was now raised to the post of Prime-minister, created an Earl, and had a regiment assigned to him as a guard to his person. He was preceded through the streets by drums beating, and a law was published making it treason to speak ill of the Minister. "Arrived at this zenith of grandeur and power, he displayed his rage against the antient nobility of Portugal, in a very extraordinary manner; and exhibited a resentment not to be satiated. He proceeded to exaspe rate his Master at the whole order of the Grandees, by representing them as a factious and disloyal body, and in consequence was permitted to tyrannize at pleasure over them. Almost every day brought with it the imprisonment of some or other of the Portuguese nobility: among them the Count de Ribiera was arrested, and caried to prison, where he still continues, though his crime is yet unknown. "Cagliaris, the Captain of the Queen's Guard, soon followed; his abilities, integrity, and resolution, rendered him incapable of stifling reflections which were too obvious to He was the meanest Portuguese. arrested whilst ill of an ague and fever, and in that dangerous condition conveyed to a damp dungeon, in the fort of Saint Geam, situate on a rock at the mouth of the Tagus, the spring-tides in which often overflowed the floor of the cave where he was confined. His physician represented *Count D'Oeyras. 1821.] Anecdotes of the Court of Portugal in 1767. his ill state of health, and the dan gers that must arise to his patient from a confinement in such a place; but this remonstrance not being attended to, death soon put a period to Cagliari's sufferings. His body was buried in the most obscure manner, in the neighbourhood of the fort, and his widow, a lady, of the house of Holstein, banished to a solitary habitation, where she drags out a miserable life, in want and distress, not being so much as permitted even to return to her own country, though she has frequently petitioned for that purpose. His two sons are confined in the fort of St. Uvall, and probably for life. "This nobleman had two brothers, one a Knight of Malta, who happened to be at Paris at the time of Cagliari's misfortune, the other was then in Portugal; the latter was instantly banished to Mertola, where he still continues, and the former was ordered to return home; but being aware of the Minister's power, and unrelenting temper, he refused to obey, and was outlawed; the French King, commiserating his condition, gave him the command of a regiment in his service. "The next victim of this Minister's fury was the Count d'Ovedos, a nobleman of the royal blood, advanced in years, and so zealous of his Sovereign's and Country's dignity, that he had greatly impaired his fortune by maintaining a figure in his Master's service, superior to his abilities. This nobleman never loved the Favourite; and the King having observed that Carvalho's house had escaped the earthquake, which his Majesty attributed to the kindness of heaven, in return for his Minister's virtues and goodness, the Count d'Ovedos, who happened to be present, jocularly said, that if it was a mark of Heaven's approbation of the Minister's virtues, that his house bad escaped the earthquake, the common prostitutes must equally be esteemed paragons of virtue, and high in the favour of their Maker, as the Rua Suja, or street where they lived, had not suffered. *The Count d'Ovedos had suffered immensely by the earthquake; he had lost two whole streets by that calamity, so that this royal eulogy on the Favourite seemed an indirect satire 27 on the Count, as it touched him very "This aged nobleman, when arrested, was used very cruelly by the magistrate who took him into cus tody. For, the latter went to the Count's house before his usual hour of rising, and understanding, as be expected, that the Count was not stirring, he burst into his bed-chamber, drew his poignard, and laying his hand on the Count's breast, told him he was the King's prisoner, and that if he moved he was a dead man. The Count awaking, and recollecting him self a little, said, Doctor, it is not your poignard that frightens me, but the King's commands compel my submission; and my allegiance to my Prince obliges me to obey his orders, by whatever messenger hesends them.' "When it is reflected, that the Count was a soldier from his cradle, and the magistrate, a Doctor at Law, this answer of the Count's not only shows his coolness, and the peculiar temper for which he was famous; but displays, in a very humorous light, the absurd behaviour of a man, who, being a civil magistrate, knew so little of his office as to think his poignard of more efficacy than his orders, especially in a place where the Count, with a single call, could bave had assistants who would soon have dispatched him. "The Duke de la Foens, a Prince of the blood, and next heir to the crown, after the extinction of that branch of the royal family now on the throne, has been many years in banishment, and at present resides in Germany. The cause of his exile is variously talked of; by some it is said, that this misfortune befel him on account of a passion he entertained for the grand-daughter of the Marchioness de Tavora, who was beheaded; and that his crime consisted in being seen on his knees before this young 28 Court of Portugal.-Jefferye's Speculum Mundi. [Jan, ment at the detachments of dragoons perpetually traversing the streets, conducting some miserable victims in close chaises to the places of their confinement, where they were never heard of more." Mr. URBAN, Bermondsey, Jan. 2. young lady. Others, that he was banished because he advised his elder brother, as heir in entail to an estate settled by the King, Don Peter, on the second branch of the Royal Family, not to relinquish his right to it. For on the death of the Infant, Don Francisco, uncle to his present Most Faithful Majesty, Don Antonio, another uncle, and brother to the de-consisting of 548 close and neatly ceased, pretending to his estate,__it was claimed by the nephew, Don Pedro, brother to his Majesty; but this difference was amicably settled between the two parties; the Infant Don Pedro remaining possessed of the estate, and a compensation being allowed Don Antonio for it, and after him to Don Manuel, another surviving brother of his. But the rights of Don Miguel, who had likewise been named in the same will, and was the father of la Foens, still remained unsatisfied. La Foens was therefore desired also to accept of an accommodation, but to this he never would consent. "Even the two natural brothers of his Most Faithful Majesty could not escape falling sacrifices to the despotism of the Minister. The elder was Inquisitor-general; the Minister directed him to license a book concerning confession, in which it was contended that, on some important occasions, it is lawful to discover what is revealed under the seal of confession; this proposition is known to be so contrary to the doctrine of the Romish Church, that the Prince refused compliance. Count d'Oeyras went to his house, in order to persuade him. The discourse at this interview grew so warm, that the Count called the Prince traitor; and the latter drew a poignard on the Count. A younger brother of the Prince, by accident, being present, interposed, and prevented further mischief. The elder, who had drawn on the Count, repaired immediately to the palace, but could not gain admittance; and the next day his house was surrounded by soldiers. Both the Princes were taken into custody, conveyed to prison, and their effects confiscated, without even the form of a trial. "Much about the same time, it may be truly said, that above forty or fifty of the lesser nobility underwent the same fate, insomuch that all men were struck with fear and amaze written pages, which appears to have been the work of Edward Jefferye, about the year 1668. Its contents. may be ascertained by the following verbose title-page, &c. "Speculum Mundi: or, An Epittomy and Abridgement of ye histories of sev❜ral of ye most famous Empires, Monarchæs & States in ye World: viz. the Hist. of the Jews, ye Assirians, Persians, Græsians, & Romans, wth ye Empire of ye Turkes, England, France, Spaine, Castile, Navarr; wth ye Kingdoms of Arragon, Cattalognia, Naples, Portugal, wth Venice, Denmark, Poland, & Sweden; wth the Lives, Deaths, & Acts of the Bps, ArchBps, Patriarches, & Popes of Roome; as also a trew Cronollogie & exact Account of the famous & memorable Passages, Occurrences, & thinges, from ye Creation of the World to this present Age. Conteininge Prophets, Judges, Kinges, Heroes, & high Priests, antient Fathers, doctors, scoolmen, moderne divines, witnesses, lawgivers; wth Historians, Phisitians, Alkimists, Poets, & Sibbils, who have flourished in there respective Ages & tymes; wth ye Original durations & periods of the most renowned Monarkies in ye World, wth y tymes of there eminent Conversion to ye Christian fayth; religious Orders, famous Cities & Academies, wth ye names of there Founders & tymes of there particular foundations; Councils, Heresies, & Innovations, together with the most remarkable Providences, Captiveties & Persecutions of the Church. Eclipses, Comets, Prodigies, Originals & inventors of Arts & Sciences, wth the tymes of there writings and severall Versions of the Scripture into divers languages, wth manye other delightful & curious Observations collected out of the most famous & approved historians & Cronologes, & methodically disposed for the Benefit & delight of the studious & inquisitive about the Originals of States & tymes & things.-Collected out of severall Authors By Edward Jefferye." It appears to have been written for publication, but I cannot find that intention ever was carried into effect. Probably some of your Readers, if you would favour me by the insertion of this, could give me somewhat of the |