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stories in height, at least one flight of stairs shall be enclosed in fireproof walls from the cellar to the roof.

SEC. 44. Stair Enclosures. In all multiple dwellings hereafter erected which exceed three stories in height or which are occupied by more than two families on any floor above the second floor, all stair halls shall be enclosed on all sides with walls of brick not less than eight inches thick. The doors opening from such stair halls shall be fireproof and self-closing. There shall be no transom or sash or similar opening from such stair hall to any other part of the house.

SEC. 45. Entrance Halls. In multiple dwellings hereafter erected less than five stories high, the entrance hall shall be not less than four feet wide in the clear for one stairway; and in multiple dwellings five or more stories high, the width shall be not less than five feet; and the entrance hall shall have an additional width of two feet for each additional stairway served. In every multiple dwelling hereafter erected, access shall be had from the street or alley to the yard, either in a direct line or through a court.

SEC. 46. Dumb-waiters and Elevators. In multiple dwellings hereafter erected all dumb-waiters and elevators shall be enclosed in fireproof shafts with fireproof doors at all openings at each story including the cellar. In the case of dumbwaiters such doors shall be self-closing. No elevator shall be permitted in the well-hole of stairs but every elevator shall be completely separated from the stairs by fireproof walls enclosing the same.

SEC. 47. Cellar Stairs. In multiple dwellings hereafter erected inside cellar stairs shall be enclosed in a fireproof wall and shall have a fireproof self-closing door at the bottom.

SEC. 48. Closet under First-story Stairs. In multiple dwellings hereafter erected no closet of any kind shall be constructed under any stair-case leading from the entrance story to the upper stories, but such space shall be left entirely open and kept clear and free from incumbrance.

SEC. 49. Cellar Entrance. In every multiple dwelling hereafter erected there shall be an entrance to the cellar or other lowest story from the outside of the said building.

SEC. 50. Wooden Multiple Dwelling. No wooden multiple dwelling shall hereafter be erected exceeding two stories in height or to be occupied by more than two families on any floor, and no wooden building not now used as a multiple dwelling shall hereafter be altered into a multiple dwelling exceeding two stories in height; nor shall it be occupied by more than two families above the first floor.

SEC. 50a. Fire Protection. In every row of two or more frame dwellings, the dividing walls shall be made of incombustible material not less than eight inches in thickness for two stories on a twelve inch foundation and carried to the underside of the roof coverings if gable roof and eighteen inches through roof if flat roof: Provided, however, That the eight

inch walls do not exceed thirty-five feet in length. If longer than thirty-five feet then the thickness must be increased to twelve inches.

ARTICLE III.

Alterations.

SEC. 51. Enlargement of Dwellings. To any wooden multiple dwelling erected prior to the passage of this act an extension not exceeding a total area of seventy square feet may be added if the extension is for bath room or water-closets. No existing wooden building shall be so altered or have its occupancy so changed as to be occupied by more than two families above the first floor, nor by any family above the second floor. No dwelling shall hereafter be enlarged or its lot be diminished, or other building placed on the lot, so that the rear yard or side yard shall be less in size than the minimum sizes prescribed in sections twelve and thirteen of this act for dwellings hereafter erected.

SEC. 52. New Courts in Existing Dwellings. An inner court hereafter constructed in a dwelling erected prior to the passage of this act, if extending only through one or two stories, shall be not less than six feet by eight feet in size; and if it extends through more than two stories, it shall be not less than eight feet by ten feet in size, and it shall have an air intake as required for new buildings in section sixteen. All inner courts shall be open to the sky, without skylight, or roof of any kind.

SEC. 53. Additional Rooms and Halls. Any additional room or hall that is hereafter constructed or created in a dwelling shall comply in all respects with the provisions of article two of this act, except that it may be of the same height as the other rooms on the same story of the dwelling.

SEC. 54. Rooms and Halls, Lighting and Ventilation of. No dwelling shall be so altered or its lot diminished that any room or public hall or stairs shall have its light or ventilation diminished in any way not approved by the health officer, or by such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate.

SEC. 55. Roof Stairs. No stairs leading to the roof in any multiple dwelling shall be removed or be replaced with a lad

der.

SEC. 56. Bulkheads. Every bulkhead hereafter constructed. in a multiple-dwelling shall be constructed fireproof or covered with metal on the outside.

SEC. 57. Stairways. No public hall or stairs in a multipledwelling shall be reduced in width so as to be less than the minimum width prescribed in sections forty-two and fortyfive of this act.

SEC. 58. Dumb-waiters and Elevators. All dumb-waiters and elevators hereafter constructed in multiple-dwellings shall be enclosed in fireproof shafts with fire-proof doors at all openings at each story, including the cellar. In the case of dumb-waiter shafts such doors shall be self-closing; and such shafts shall be completely separated from the stairs by walls of approved fireproof material enclosing the same. This section does not apply to dumb-waiter shafts or elevator shafts which are already in existence, but only to new ones which may be installed after the act takes effect both in new dwellings and in existing ones.

SEC. 59. Water-closet Accommodations. Any water-closet hereafter placed in a dwelling, except one provided to replace a defective or antiquated fixture in the same location, shall comply with the provisions of sections twenty-five, thirty-five and thirty-seven of this act relative to water-closets in dwellings hereafter erected. In the case of a new water-closet installed on the top floor of an existing dwelling, a ventilating skylight open to the sky may be used in lieu of the windows required by section twenty-five.

SEC. 60. Height. No dwelling shall be increased in height so that it exceeds the width of the widest street on which it abuts, nor in any case exceeds one hundred feet.

SEC. 61. Other Alterations. Except as specified above, no dwelling shall be so altered nor shall its lot be so diminished, nor shall any building be so placed on the same lot, as to cause the dwelling to be in violation of the requirements of this act for dwellings hereafter erected; nor shall any room, public hall or stairs have its light or ventilation diminished in any way not approved by the health officer, or by such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate.

SEC. 62. Skylights. All new skylights hereafter placed in a multiple-dwelling shall be provided with ridge ventilators having a minimum opening of forty square inches and also with either fixed or movable louvres or with movable sashes, and shall be of such size as may be determined to be practicable by the health officer, or by such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate.

SEC. 63. Fire Escapes. All fire escapes hereafter constructed on any multiple-dwelling shall be located and constructed as prescribed in section forty of this act.

SEC. 64. Alcoves and Alcove Rooms. No part of any room in a dwelling shall hereafter be enclosed or subdivided wholly or in part by a curtain, portiere, fixed or movable partition or other contrivance or device, unless such part of a room so enclosed or subdivided shall contain a window as required by sections nineteen, twenty and twenty-four of this act, and have a floor area of not less than eighty square feet.

ARTICLE IV.

Maintenance.

SEC. 65. Public Halls, Lighting at Night. In every multiple-dwelling a proper light shall be kept burning by the owner in the public hallways near the stairs upon each floor every night from sunset to sunrise throughout the year if so required by the health officer, or by such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate.

SEC. 66. Water-closets in Cellars. No water-closet shall be maintained in the cellar of any dwelling without a permit in writing from the health officer, who shall have power to make rules and regulations governing the maintenance of such closets. Under no circumstances shall the general, watercloset accommodations of any multiple dwelling be permitted in the cellar or basement thereof; this provision, however, shall not be construed so as to prohibit a general toilet room containing several water-closets, provided such water-closets are supplementary to those required by law.

SEC. 67. Water-Closet Accommodations. In every dwelling existing prior to the passage of this act there shall be provided at least one water-closet for every two apartments, groups or suites of rooms, or fraction thereof, except that in multipledwellings of class B there shall be provided at least one watercloset for every fifteen occupants or fraction thereof.

SEC. 68. Basement and Cellar Rooms. No room in the cellar of any dwelling erected prior to the passage of this act shall be occupied for living purposes. And no room in the basement of any such dwelling shall be so occupied without a written permit from the health officer, which permit shall be kept readily accessible in the main living room of the apartment containing such room. No such room shall hereafter be occupied uniess all the following conditions are complied with:

(1) Such room shall be at least seven feet high in every part from the floor to the ceiling.

(2) The ceiling of such room shall be in every part at least three feet six inches above the surface of the street or ground outside of or adjoining the same.

(3) There shall be appurtenant to such room the use of a water-closet.

(4) At least one of the rooms of the apartment of which such room is an integral part shall have a window opening directly to the street or yard, of at least twelve square feet in size clear of the sash frame, and which shall open readily for purposes of ventilation.

(5) The lowest floor shall be water-proof and damp-proof.

(6) Such room shall have sufficient light and ventilation, shall be well drained and dry, and shall be fit for human habitation.

SEC. 69. Cellar Walls and Ceilings. The cellar walls and cellar ceilings of every multiple-dwelling shall by the owner be thoroughly whitewashed or painted a light color and shall be so maintained by him when required by the health officer, or by such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate.

SEC. 70. Water-Closets and Sinks. In all two family dwellings and multiple dwellings the floor or other surface beneath and around water-closets and sinks shall be maintained in good order and repair and if of wood shall be kept well painted with light colored paint.

SEC. 71. Repairs. Every dwelling and all the parts thereof shall be kept in good repair by the owner, and the roof shall be kept so as not to leak, and all rain water shall be SO drained and conveyed therefrom as not to cause dampness in the walls or ceilings.

SEC. 72. Water Supply. Every dwelling not exempted in section seven of this act shall have within the dwelling at least one proper sink with running water furnished in sufficient quantity at one or more places exclusive of the cellar. In twofamily dwellings and multiple dwellings of class A there shall be at least one sink on every floor, accessible to each family on the floor occupied by said family without passing through any other apartment. The owner shall provide proper and suitable tanks, pumps or other appliances to receive and to distribute an adequate and sufficient supply of such water at each floor in the said dwelling at all times of the year, during all hours of the day and night. But a failure in the general supply of city water shall not be construed to be a failure on the part of such owner, provided proper and suitable appliances to receive and distribute such water have been provided in said dwelling.

SEC. 73. Catch-basins. In the case of dwellings where, because of lack of city water supply or sewers, sinks with running water are not provided inside the dwellings, one or more catch-basins or some other approved convenience for the disposal of waste water, as may be necessary in the opinion of the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate, shall be provided in the yard or court, level with the surface thereof and at a point easy of access to the occupants of such dwelling.

SEC. 74. Cleanliness of Dwellings. Every dwelling and every part thereof shall be kept clean and shall also be kept free from any accumulation of dirt, filth, rubbish, garbage or other matter in or on the same, or in the yards, courts, passages, areas or alleys connected with or belonging to the same. The owner of every dwelling and in the case of a private dwelling the occupant thereof, shall thoroughly cleanse or cause

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