the allowance of the provisional protection (generally within 3 weeks after the application) and within 6 months from the date of the application, the applicant must file his complete specification, including necessary description, drawings, and claims. If the full time be taken, and the complete specification is filed at the termination of 6 months from the date of application, the patent would in ordinary course issue in about 9 or 10 months from the date of the filing of the provisional specification (unless the examiner should cite any prior specification which would entail a delay of a month or two on account of the necessary amendment), between 1 and 2 months being taken for the acceptance of the complete specification, which is then open to opposition for 2 months, after which, if not opposed and upon the payment of the sealing fee, the patent promptly issues. If the complete specification be filed in the first instance, the patent usually issues in between 3 and 4 months from the date of filing (provided the examiner does not cite any prior specification which would cause a delay of a month or two on account of the necessary amendment), between 1 and 2 months being officially occupied in examining and accepting the specification, and 2 months allowed for opposition. The following is a schedule of the principal fees: On filing an application for provisional protection, £1; on filing complete specification where provisional specification has been filed, £3; or on filing complete specification in the first instance, £4; on sealing of a patent, £1.

To maintain a British patent in force after the fourth year from the date of the patent (which is the date of filing) a fee of £5 must be paid before the expiration of such fourth year, and a subsequent fee must be paid each year thereafter up to the end of the term of the patent, said fee increasing £1 for each year.

Canada. The following fees shall be payable before an application for any of the purposes herein mentioned shall be received by the commissioner of patents: Full fee for full term of 18 years, $60; partial fee for 12 years, $40; partial fee for 6 years, $20; fee for further term of 12 years, $40; on lodging a caveat, $5; on asking a judgment pro tanto (for so much), $4; on asking to register an assignment, or to attach a disclaimer to a patent, $2; on asking for a copy of patent with specification, $4; on petition to reissue a patent after surrender, $4.

Argentine Republic.-Patents may be granted for a term of 5, 10, or 15 years, the fees therefor being respectively $80, $200, and $350. These fees may be paid in their entirety upon filing the application, or one-half may be paid at the time of application and the balance by annuities, in the following manner: In the case of 5-year patents, in 3 annuities of $10 each, and the last one of $11.33; in the case of 10-year patents, in 7 annuities of $10 each, and the last two of $16.66;

in the case of 15-year patents, in 10 annuities of $10 each, and the last four of $20.21 each. An annual tax is to be paid.

Austria.-A fee of 10 florins must be paid simultaneously with the filing of the application for a patent, and a further fee, the first annuity of 20 florins, within 3 months from the date of publication of the application in the Patent Journal. Annual taxes must be paid on the patent. These amount to 25 florins for the second year, 30 florins for the third year, and increase at the rate of 10 florins per year for the fourth, fifth, and sixth years. Beginning with the seventh and ending with the tenth year they increase at the rate of 20 florins per year, and thereafter at the rate of 40 florins per year.

Belgium.-The application must be accompanied by the receipt for the first annuity, 10 francs. There are annual taxes payable on patents, amounting to 20 francs for the second year, 30 francs for the third year, and so on, increasing 10 francs for each successive year.

Brazil. -The government fee for a simple patent is about $25. Yearly taxes are payable on patents, amounting to $30 for the second year, $40 for the third year, and so on, increasing $10 each year to the end of the term of the patent (15 years).

Chile. The government fee for a patent is 50 pesos payable upon filing the application and a further fee of 50 pesos before the issue of the patent. There are no annuities to pay.

Denmark. -The filing fee for an application for a patent is 20 crowns. Fee for issuing a patent is 10 crowns. A patent is subject to an annual tax amounting to: 25 crowns for the first three years; 50 crowns for the following three years; 100 crowns for the following three years; 200 crowns for the following three years; and 300 crowns for each of the last three years.

France.

The first annuity of 100 francs must be paid at the time of filing the application. Patents are subject to an annual tax of 100 francs each year.

Germany.-The government fees are 20 marks payable at the time of filing the application and the first annuity of 30 marks payable within two months from the date of publication of the application in the Imperial Gazette. Annuities are payable on patents, amounting to 50 marks for the second year and increasing 50 marks for each succeeding year. An annual tax is to be paid.

Hungary. There are two kinds of patents: (a) patents of invention and (b) patents of addition. Both are granted for 15 years and start from the date of filing. Patents of improvements are granted to owner of the principal patent, during the first year after the grant of the original patent, and thereafter to any one whether such owner or

not. Fee for filing both kinds of patents, 20 crowns. Annual tax for patents of invention: first year, 40 crowns; second year, 50 crowns; third year, 60 crowns; fourth year, 70 crowns; fifth year, 80 crowns; sixth year, 100 crowns; seventh year, 120 crowns; eighth year, 140 crowns; ninth year, 160 crowns; tenth year, 200 crowns; eleventh year, 250 crowns; twelfth year, 300 crowns; thirteenth year, 350 crowns; fourteenth year, 500 crowns. Single tax for "patents of addition," 40 crowns over and above the fee for filing.

Italy. There are two kinds of patents: (a) patents of invention; (b) patents of addition. Patents of invention are granted for from 1 to 15 years at option of the applicant, and when granted for less than 15 years may be prolonged to the end of 15 years from the date of application for the original patent. Patents of addition are granted only to the owner of the original patent and for improvement thereon. They become part of the original patent. Taxes: For patents of invention, 40 lire for each of the first three years and 10 lire for each year for which the application is made (whether a patent of invention or patent of prolongation). Further taxes: 65 lire for each of the fourth, fifth, and sixth years; 90 lire for each of the seventh, eighth, and ninth years; 115 lire for each of the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth years; and 140 lire for each of the thirteenth to fifteenth years. patents of addition there is a single fee of 20 lire.

For

Mexico.-Patents of invention are granted for a term of 20 years from the date of filing of the application. This term is divided into two parts; the first of one year, for which the fee is $5, and the second, of 19 years, for which the fee is $35. Patents for industrial models and designs, which correspond to a certain extent with design patents in the United States, are granted for terms of 5 or 10 years at the option of the applicant, but cannot be extended. The fees for these patents are $5, and $10, respectively. There are no annual taxes and working is not required, but if the invention is not worked within 3 years from the date of the patent, or working is suspended for 3 months, the Patent Office may grant licenses to others to practice the invention, one-half of the profits to go to the owner of the patent.

Norway. There are two kinds of patents: (a) patents of invention; term, 15 years, dating from filing of the application, and (b) patents of addition; term, for unexpired term of the original patent. They are granted only to the owner of the original patent and for improvement on the invention covered thereby. Taxes: For patents of invention, 30 crowns (payable at time of filing the application and constituting also the first annuity), second annuity, 10 crowns; third annuity, 15 crowns; increasing 5 crowns for each year of the patent. For patents of addition there is but one fee, 30 crowns, payable at time of filing the application.

Spain. There are two kinds of patents: (a) patents of invention. of which the term is 20 years, and are obtainable for inventions which are not in use or known in Spain or elsewhere at the time of application. These patents may be obtained even where the invention is in use or is known when the applicant has filed an application for patent in his own country and files his Spanish application within 12 months from the date of filing in his own country, and (b) patents of introduction, of which the term is 5 years, and which are obtainable where the invention although not in use in Spain, is known elsewhere. Taxes: 10 pesetas for the first year; 20 pesetas for the second year; increasing 10 pesetas for each succeeding year. There is a discount for annuities paid in advance.

Sweden.-There are two kinds of patents: (a) patents of invention, term 15 years; and (6) patents of addition, term same as that of original patent, granted to owner of original patent and for improvement on same invention covered thereby. Fees: for patents of invention; filing fee, 20 crowns; filing certificate, 2 crowns; stamp duty on patent, 10 crowns. Annuities, for each of the second, third, fourth, and fifth years, 25 crowns; for each of the ensuing 5 years, 50 crowns; and for each of the remaining 5 years, 75 crowns. Patents of addition are subject to the same fees as patents of inventions, except that there are no annuities payable thereon.

Switzerland.-There are two kinds of patents: (a) patents of invention (or complete patents), and (b) patents of addition. Complete patents are granted only where the article in respect of which the patent is sought is actually in existence, and proof of this fact must be produced. Term, 15 years, dating from date of application. Where the article in respect of which the patent is sought is not in existence, provisional patents may be obtained, their term being limited to three years, within which period they may be transformed into complete patents by producing proof of the existence of the article. Patents of addition are granted only to the owner of the principal patent, expire therewith, and are for improvements on the invention covered by the principal patent. Fees: For filing, 20 francs; first annuity (payable in advance), 20 francs; second annuity (payable within 3 months from date of allowance), 30 francs; and increasing each year thereafter at the rate of 10 francs each year. Patents of addition require only the, filing fee (20 francs).

COPYRIGHT

United States.-The fees payable to the librarian of congress are as follows: For recording the title or description of any copyright book or other article, 50 cents, or, in case the article be the production of a person not a citizen or resident of the United States, $1; for every copy under seal of such record actually given the person claiming the copyright, or his assignee, 50 cents; for recording and certifying any instrument of writing for the assignment of a copyright, $1; for every copy of an assignment, $1.

Great Britain.-A fee of 5 shillings is charged for the registration of a book or other article to be copyrighted, 5 shillings for a certified copy of each entry, and 1 shilling for searches.

Canada.-The following fees shall be paid to the minister of agriculture before any application for any of the purposes herein mentioned is received: On registering a copyright, $1; on registering an interim copyright, 50 cents; on registering a temporary copyright, 50 cents; on registering an assignment, $1; for a certified copy of registration, 50 cents.

TRADE-MARKS

United States.-The fee for registration of a trade-mark is $10, payable into the treasury of the United States.

Great Britain.-There shall be paid, in respect of applications and registrations of trade-marks, such fees as may from time to time, with the sanction of the treasury, be prescribed by the board of trade. At present the fees are as follows: On filing the application for registration, 5 shillings; for registration, 1 pound.

Canada.-The fees for registration of trade-marks with the minister of agriculture are as follows: For general trade-mark, $30; for specific trade-mark, $25; for the renewal of the latter, $20; for registering industrial design, $5. All fees are payable in advance; but if the application for registration of trade-mark be refused, the fee, less $5, will be returned. In case of refusal of an application for industrial design, the fee, less $2, will be returned.

Austria. The fee registration is 5 gulden; for renewal, 5 gulden; for transfer, 5 gulden.

Belgium. -For each mark deposited in the office of the tribunal of commerce a tax of 10 francs is paid. The deposit is received only on the production of a receipt proving the payment of the tax