into the water, and stirring up the sand and gravel." This surely may be properly termned gudgeon-hunting more than gudgeon-fishing: perhaps they are of a different species in the Trent than in the Thames, &c. &c.!!

THE POPE OR RUFF.

. This fish, with a double name, is small, and rarely grows bigger than a gudgeon; in shape very like the perch, but is better food, being in the taste as pleasant as any fish whatever.. His haunts are in the deepest running parts of a gravelly river, the exact bottom whereof, having found by plumbing, bait your hooks with small red worms, or brandlings; for you may angle with two or three, and have excellent sport. He bites very greedily; and as they swim in shoals, you may catch twenty or thirty at one standing, in a cool, gloomy day. Use the same tackle as for the gudgeon. The River Yare in Norfolk, is peculiar for plenty of ruffs. Hook, No. 9.

THE BLEAK OR BLEY.

The bleak, on account of its eagerness to catch flies, is called by some the river-swallow, and by others the fresh-water-sprat, because of its resemblance to the sea-sprat. He bites very eagerly at all sorts of worms, flies, pastes, and sheep's blood. You may fish for him with six or seven small hooks at a time. He is an excellent fish to initiate a young angler in fly-fishing, by his whipping for them in a hot summer's evening, with a small artificial black gnat. Your tackle

must be fine and neatly formed. He is a capital bait for the pike. Hook, No. 13.

THE MINNOW OR PINK.

The minnow, though one of the smallest fishes, is as excellent a one to eat as any of the most famed. They are generally found in March and April, and remain till the cold weather compels them to retire to their winter-quarters. He is of a greenish, or wavy sky-colour, his belly very white, his back blackish; and is a most excellent bait for any of the fish of prey: namely, the pike, trout, perch, &c. His baits are small red worms, wasps, cads, &c. If you can catch enough of them, they make an excellent tansy, their heads and tails being cut off, and fried in eggs, with a sauce made of butter, sugar, and verjuice. The smallest of hooks.

----

THE LOACH OR LOCH.

This fish is very small, but eats very well, and is nourishing food for sick persons. He is found in clear, swift brooks and rivulets, and his food is gravel. He is bearded like the barbel, and freckled with black and white spots. You may take him with a small red worm, at ground; hề delights to be near the gravel, therefore is hardly ever seen on the top of the water. The smallest of hooks.

THE BULL-HEAD OR MILLER'S THUMB.

This fish, on account of its ugliness, is in some places called the fresh-water devil; he has a broad

head and a large mouth, no teeth, but his lips are like a file, with which he nibbles at the bait. They spawn in April, and are full of spawn most of the summer. Their haunts in summer are chiefly in holes, or amongst stones in clear water; but in winter they lay in the mud like the eel. The worst of anglers may take this fish; for if you look above the water in a hot day, you may see him sunning himself on a flat stone, put your hook upon it, baited with a small red worm, and he will take it directly. The taste of this fish is very good.-Hook, No. 13.

THE STICKLleback, SHARPLING, OR BANSTICKLE.

This fish, with three names, as he is called by in different counties, is a small prickly fish, and not worth the angler's notice, in regard to himself, but that he is an excellent bait for the trout, who will take it sooner than the minnow. His prickles must be broke off, and baited according to the directions given for baiting the minnow, under the description of the trout.

N. B. The tackle, baits, &c. for this fish, and the foregoing ones, must be the same, and very fiue.

There are three fishes which I omitted in the first edition, and what anglers in general seldom meet with, because they are local, and peculiar to certain waters; but as they are held in high estimation where they are taken, I shall describe them for the reader's information.

1

ALBULA SALMONI SIMILIS-THE GUINNAD.

The guinniad, according to Camden and others,

H

is peculiar to Pemble-Meer in Cheshire. "The river Dee," says this author, "which runs by Chester, springs in Merionethshire, and it runs towards Chester; it passes through the said Pemble-Meer, which is a large water, and it is observed, that though the river Dee abounds with salmon, and Pemble-Meer with guinniad, yet there are never any salmons caught in the Meer, nor any guinniads in the river.

UMBRA MINOR GESN-THe red charr, or welch

TORGOCH.

The red charr is a fish whose make is longer and more slender than that of a trout, for one of about eight inches long was no more than an inch and a half broad. The back is of a greenish olive spotted with white. The belly, about the breadth of half an inch, is painted with red, in some of a more lively, in others of a paler colour, and in some, especially the female, it is quite white. The scales are small, and the lateral lines straight. The mouth is wide, the jaws pretty equal, except the lower, which is a little sharper and more protuberant than the upper. The lower part of the fins are of a vermilion dye. The gills are quadruple, and it has teeth both in the jaws and on the tongue; in the upper jaw there is a double row of them. The swimming bladder is like that of a trout; the liver is not divided into lobes; the gall-bladder is large; the heart triangular; the spleen small and blackish; and the eggs of the spawn large and round. The flesh is more soft and tender than that of a trout, and when boiled can scarcely be allowed to be red. It is in the highest esteem where known,

and in Wales is accounted the chief dish at the tables of people of fashion.

Dr.

The chief place in England where this fish is taken, is Winander-Meer: but in Wales they are to be had in five different places, viz. Llamberris, Llin-Umber, Festiniog, and Beltus, in Caernarvonshire, and near Casageddor, in Merionethshire. In this last county they are smaller than in the former, and are taken in October; but in Caernarvonshire, in one of the lakes, they are caught in November; in another in December, and in the third in January, and when the fishing in one ends, it begins in another. Leigh says, the charr, in Coningston-Meer, which is not far from Winander-Meer, are much better, but there are reasons to suppose he was prejudiced in this article. According to Camden, the latter Meer is the largest standing-water in this kingdom, being ten miles in length; and some say it is as smooth at the bottom, as if it was paved with polished marble. They swim together in shoals, and though they appear on the surface of the water in the summer-time, yet they will not suffer themselves to be taken, either with the angle or with nets; therefore the only season for fishing, is when they resort to the shallow parts of the lakes to spawn: at these times they set trammel-nets baited, and leave them for whole days and nights, into which the fish enter of their own accord.

CARPIO LACUS BENACI-THE GUILT OR GILT CHARR.

The Latin writers called the gilt charr, carpio lacús Benaci, because they imagined it was only to be met with in that particular lake, where it is