we know it to be Stoical. But of thisCh. XI.

enough.

AND now having finished those PRINCIPAL PARTS of Speech, the SUBSTANTIVE and the ATTRIBUTIVE, which are SIGNIFICANT WHEN ALONE, we proceed to those AUXILIARLY PARTS, which are ONLY SIGNIFICANT, WHEN ASSOCIATED. But as these make the Subject of a Book by themselves, we here conclude the first Book of this Treatise.

!

OR, A

Philofophical Inquiry

CONCERNING

UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR.

BOOK II.

213

СНАР. I.

Concerning Definitives.

W

HAT remains of our Work, Ch. I. is a matter of lefs difficulty,

it being the fame here, as in

fome Historical Picture; when the principal Figures are once formed, 'tis an eafy labour to design the rest.

Ch. I.

DEFINITIVES, the Subject of the prefent Chapter, are commonly called by Grammarians, ARTICLES, ARTICULI, "Aplea. They are of two kinds, either those properly and ftrictly fo called, or else the Pronominal Articles, such as This, That, Any, &c.

WE fhall firft treat of thofe Articles more strictly fo denominated, the reason and ufe of which may be explained, as follows.

THE vifible and individual Subftances of Nature are infinitely more numerous, than for each to admit of a particular Name, To fupply this defect, when any Individual occurs, which either wants a proper Name, or whose proper Name is not known, we afcertain it, as well as we can, by referring it to its Species; or, if

the

the Species be unknown, then at least to Ch. I. fome Genus. For example-a certain Object occurs, with a head and limbs, and appearing to poffefs the powers of Self-motion and Senfation. If we know it not as an Individual, we refer it to its proper Species, and call it Dog, or Horse, or Lion, or the like. If none of these Names fit, we go to the Genus, and call it, Animal.

BUT this is not enough. The Thing, at which we are looking, is neither a Species, nor a Genus. What is it then? An Individual. Of what kind? Known, or unknown? Seen now for the first time, or feen before, and now remembred? "Tis here we shall discover the use of the two Articles (A) and (THE.) (A) respects our primary Perception, and denotes Individuals as unknown; (THE) refpects our fecondary Perception, and denotes IndiviTo explain by an ex

duals as known.