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and the foundation of a small permanent endowment made in a manner to which nobody could reasonably object, but which, nevertheless, found objectors among the Opposition. The Seignorial Tenure was abolished; the Grand Trunk Railway Act amended; the Canada Ocean Steamship Company incorporated; and a new Customs Tariff adopted in accordance with the Reciprocity Treaty. On the 11th of December, Parliament was a jorrad to the 23rd of February, 1855,

Lord Elgin had experienced the difficulty a Governor finds in times of crisis in carrying out the idea of a constitutional ruler, and contrary to his own principles had identified himself too entirely with one party. Notwithstanding the calm he displayed during the unhappy events which destroyed the hopes of Montreal of being the seat of Government, the indignities he had met with, at as he believed the hands of the Conservative Party, had created prejudice and inspired resentment. He was glad to resign, though fickle popular favour was becoming warmer towards him. His career in Japan and China is well known, and how he fell a victim to the climate of India amid the greatness and splendour of a ruler of its dusky millions.

The curtain has fallen on the Irish period. Mr. Hincks soon followed Lord Elgin to the old country, and sought to forget his disappointments and loss of popularity amid the enchanting beauties of his native land. While thus employed, Sir William Molesworth who knew his great abilities, offered him the appointment of Governor-in-Chief in Barbadoes and the Windward Islands. Having accepted the offer, he came back to Canada, whence he proceeded with his family to the scene of his new duties. He remained at Barbadoes for the full term of six years, with the exception of a brief visit to Canada and England in 1859. In 1861, the Duke of Newcastle promoted him to the Government of British Guinea, where he remained until 1869, when he was created a K. C. M. G. He had previously been created a C. B. Early in 1869, he returned to England. He was then sixty-one years of age, and in his two governorships had well earned the Colonial Governor's pension, which he received on retiring from the Imperial service. But his career as a statesman was not yet over.

CHAPTER XIV.

AFTER the rebellion, the stream of Irish emigration continued to flow, and the tide rose to its highest during those years of famine, which though attended with so much misery, form an epoch in Irish history, when the country began to separate itself from its past, from the days of Donnybrook Fair and Harry Lorrequer.

The immigration, since 1837, has brought us from Ireland men of as much enterprise and success as the earlier immigration, but for obvious reasons I cannot dwell on their careers at the same length.

The late James Shanly, of "The Abbey," Queen's County, a member of the Irish bar, emigrated to Canada about the time of the rebellion and settled in the County of Middlesex, Ontario. The sons of this gentleman are men of whom the Irish people may be very proud; their integrity and fine sense of honour would mark them out in a community where sharpness had not begun to take hold. I have never met these gentlemen, but I have heard much of their singularly high standpoint in regard to whatever they busy themselves with; a great deal, which implies not merely that sense of honour which would feel a stain like a wound, but a goodness of heart which at the present day is only too rare. The Shanly family is an old Celtic one which has been known for centuries in the County Leitrim, and the family characteristics are traceable to the proud, kindly Celtic blood.

Walter Shanly, who for some time represented South Grenville, the third living son of the late James Shanly, was born at the family seat, "The Abbey," in Stradbally, County Leitrim. Having been educated by a private tutor, he became a civil engineer. He

[AUTHORITIES--Original Sources; "Ireland in 1872," By James Macaulay. M.A., M.D., Edinburgh; "The Queen vs. Thomas Kirkpatrick and others," reported for the British Whig by Alexander Duncan, 1847; the newspapers; "Wanderings of an artist among the Indians of North America," by Paul Kane. "Paul Kane the Canadian artist," by D. W. (Professor Daniel Wilson) in the Canadian Journal. Canada Law Journal.]

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has executed many public works of great magnitude. He was resident engineer under the Board of Works, on Beauharnois and Welland Canals, from 1843 to 1848; engineer of the Ottawa and Prescott Railway, from 1851 to 1853; engineer of the Western Division of the Grand Trunk Railway-from Toronto to Sarnia -from 1851 to 1857; engineer of the Ottawa and French River Navigation Surveys, from 1856 to 1858; General Manager of the Grand Trunk Railway from 1858 to 1862. He is connected with many large institutions, in presidential and directorial capacities. The greatest undertaking in which he has engaged was the contract for making the Hoosac Tunnel, a stupendous work, which was accomplished successfully from an engineering point of view. Mi. Frank Shanly has been engaged with his brother in engineering. Mr. James Shanly has been a successful barrister, and resides in London, where he is Master in Chancery.

In Ottawa, we have John Henry-" Honest John" as he is called-who came here in 1842, from Cavan, and who has long been a consistent temperance advocate; Mr. William Davis, who left Tipperary in 1842, who has completed some important works in Ottawa, and made wealth out of his brains and hands; Mr. Martin O'Gara, from Galway, the first and only Stipendiary Magistrate Ottawa has had; the Friels, who have been prominent in politics and journalism; Mr. Richard Nagle who came from Mitchell's Town to Canada in 1840, and now as a great lumberer gives employment to hundreds; another great lumberer, Mr. Christopher O'Keefe, who came here from Dublin; Mr. W. H. Waller, who came hither from Tipperary in 1853, and settled in Toronto, whence after serving six years in the Globe office, he removed to Ottawa to take a position on the Union newspaper, and ultimately climb to be President of the St. Patrick's Society, and Mayor of the Capital of the Dominion; the Baskerville family, who came in 1848, and are now wealthy; Mr. Thomas Langrell, a successful contractor, who came here from Wicklow in 1837, and who has been followed by a large number of his family; Mr Edward Allen Meredith, of Trinity College, Dublin, Deputy Minister of the Interior, who came from the County Tyrone, and has done good service as a literary man and a centre of culture; Mr. Daniel John O'Donoghue, M.P.P., a descendant of the O'Donoghues of "the Glen," who came

here with his father in 1852; Mr. James Goodwin, who arrived here in 1844, and has succeeded as a contractor; Captain Stewart, whose advent took place in the year 1857, and who in twenty years has made himself one of the most prominent citizens of Ottawa; Mr. James Keays a native of Castlecomer, County Kilkenny, who steered his course here in 1842, and settling in the wilderness twenty miles from Bytown, drew a settlement around him of which he became the leading spirit.

In Renfrew, the career of James Bonfield, M.P.P., is as striking as that of Mr. Egan.

In Montreal, we find similar results from the post-rebellion immigration. Both before and since that period the O'Murphys, of Wexford, the ancient land of the O'Murphys, sent good specimens of a great stock here. The Murrows, of the County Wexford, and the Morrows, of the County Cork, the McMurrays of Ireland, and the McMurrichs of Scotland, the Murroghs of old Irish history, and the Murphys of modern times, are all the same. Mr. Edward Murphy, merchant, son of the late Daniel Murphy, Mr. P. S. Murphy, brother of Edward, the first man who introduced india-rubber manufacture into Montreal, belongs originally to the Murrows of Wexford. Mr. Alderman William Clendinning, who came here in 1847, would deserve a little pamphlet to himself. He has been singularly successful and public spirited. Leslie Gault, Matthew Hamilton Gault, Mr. Frederick Gault, and Mr. Robert Gault, all shed lustre alike on the land of their birth and the land of their adoption. Energetic and intelligent, liberal in his opinions and charitable in his gifts, Michael Mullarky deserves the high position he has attained, as does William Hingston, M.D., allied to the Cotters of Cork, the Latouches and Hales, as well as to the ancient family of the Careys, a man honoured as a citizen and as a doctor, and who has written much that is valuable. I regret to have to dismiss with too scant a notice representative men like Mr. Francis Cassidy, Mr. Michael Patrick Ryan, Mr. Thomas Macfarlane Bryson, manufacturer, and others of note and influence. Quite a remarkable man is Mr. John Lovell, the founder of the publishing business in the Province of Quebec. He prosecuted his design of issuing a Dominion Directory, under circumstances that would have deterred a man of less courage and energy. He established

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a business at Rouse's Point some years ago, and is also a leading partner in the firm of Lovell, Adam Wesson & Co. Mr. Lovell published for years the leading magazine of Canada-the Literary Garland-to which Mrs. Moodie and Mrs. Traill, the sister of Mrs. Moodie, were regular contributors. Mr. James Lovell, whose sons carry on business in Toronto, conducted the Upper Canada branch of the business.

In Bedford, Quebec, there are a good many Irish settlers, who all deserve a place in this work if there was room. Mr. Gough ought to be mentioned. In 1823, Henry Gough, of Cavan, emigrated to America, and died soon afterwards in the Southern States. In 1836, his wife and her son emigrated, first going to New York, and a few years afterwards settling in Canada, near their relatives in Bedford, of whom John Smyth died in 1858, holding the commission of Captain in the Militia, and Michael O'Flaherty, who left behind him a good property. Mr. J. J. Murphy is in the City of Quebec, a well known man among his countrymen. Then there is Mr. Owen Murphy, Mayor of Quebec. There is a good Irish settlement in Missisquoi.

I have, in earlier pages, spoken of Kingston. It would be hard to do full justice to the Irish in that city. It is not possible to deal at sufficient length with the late Judge Macarow and the present Judge Burrows; Mr. James Agnew, City Solicitor; Dr. Sullivan, the first Roman Catholic Mayor of Kingston; Mr. Flanagan, City Clerk; Mr. James Sharman, proprietor of the Daily News; Mr. John Creighton, Warden of the Penitentiary, and many others. Mr. George A. Kirkpatrick, M.P., belongs to a family which has long been connected with Kingston. His father fought a noble battle for the poor Irish emigrants in 1847.

In Brantford there are W. J. Scarfe, who was seven years in the Council and Reeve for three years; J. W. Digby, M.D., Mayor for three years; J. J. Hawkins, Reeve for two years; W. Mathews, who died last January, and who was forty years in the country and had been mayor for five years; W. Thompson, of Oakland, in the Council for twenty years, late Warden of the County; Dr. Kelly, Inspector of Schools, who has written much in the Hamilton Times; and many other Irishmen of ability and enterprise. Mr. Scarfe is a representative man, whose energy, talents for public