Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1864, by

HORACE E. Scudder,

in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts.

RIVERSIDE, CAMBRIDGE:

STEREOTYPED AND PRINTED BY

H. O. HOUGHTON AND COMPANY.

I HAVE tried in this volume to record the life of an elder brother, who was a missionary in India of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, and died at the beginning of his twenty-eighth year. My thanks are due to the various persons who have assisted me in this work by allowing me to examine and use the letters which they had received from my brother, and by furnishing me with recollections of their intercourse with him. Especially I would acknowledge the service rendered by Mr. Capron and Mr. Washburn, members of the Madura Mission.

It should be stated that the chapter on Cromlechs was compiled from material which had also been used in the preparation of a paper upon the subject, read before the Boston Society of Natural History by my brother, S. H. Scudder, and inserted in the published Proceedings of the Society.

The portrait which precedes the volume is engraved from a photograph by Black, enlarged from an ambrotype taken in India, a few weeks before my brother's death. It was judged to be the most satisfactory picture that could be secured of him as he appeared in

India, and I only regret that it was not practicable to insert also one which should recal the face most familiarly to those who remember him as he was at the time of leaving America.

If it had been possible I would gladly have used throughout the book the method adopted in the latter half, of giving the narrative in the missionary's own words, but a slight examination will show the reader how necessary it was that the account of the greater part of his life should be given by another: the record did not exist in his own language, except as it related to the merely incidental side of his life. There can be but little interest and less importance attaching to any mere narrative of adventure, where the life of a student is concerned, and I have followed my own kind of interest, in trying to disclose the mental growth and change in my brother, by the various means which his life afforded. It is not so much to tell what he did, as to show what he was, which I have kept before me as my aim in the biography.

In narrating his missionary experience, however, I have been fortunate in being able to give it entirely in his own words, and I hope that the acquaintance with him formed from the first part of the Life may help. the reader to understand and appreciate more fully the character which lies behind the journals and letters. The account of missionary labor, although based on a short eighteen months' experience, will perhaps be found to have a special value through this very limit