lower floor and cellar was granted to the Banks of North America and Pennsylvania.

Founded in 1785 under the auspices of Rev. William White, D. D., afterwards the first Bishop of Pennsylvania, the Academy of the Protestant Episcopal Church was chartered two years later with a bonus from the State of ten thousand acres of land. In 1846, under the advice of Bishop Potter, the Academy was reorganized on a broader basis. The building now occupied, located at the corner of Locust and Juniper streets, is commodious and admirably adapted to its purpose. The school is well equipped with all the modern facilities of an institution of learning, among them an ample gymnasium and a large play-room, and is so well endowed and so generously supported that it has always commanded the services. of the best masters. The best English Public Schools are taken as models, and the course of instruction is very full and very thorough. James W. Robins, D. D., is the present Head Master.

A

Some of the more noted schools of the class under consideration opened in Philadelphia, but long since discontinued, are the following: Joseph Neef's school at the Falls of the Schuylkill. Neef was a pupil of the celebrated Swiss educator, Pestalozzi, and had taught in Paris. How it was brought about that he came to Philadelphia is told elsewhere. His school was governed without punishment of any kind. The pupils used no books, but were taught orally, and mainly in the open air. Frequent excursions were taken that the instruction might be fresh from the book of nature. school in Bank street, opened in 1832 by one who had studied with De Fellenberg at Howfyl. At one time there were one hundred and thirty pupils in attendance. A classical and military school, opened near Germantown in 1812. The students wore uniform. Clermont Seminary, on the road from Frankfort to Germantown; established in 1806, by John Thomas Carre and Charles Carre. Mt. Airy Seminary, opened under Catholic auspices in 1807.

There are at present probably one hundred schools in Philadelphia in which instruction is given in the languages and the higher branches of learning. The following are some of the most prominent. The Academy of the Sacred Heart was established in 1847, on a farm of ninety acres at Torresdale, and in 1849 was incorporated. Mt. St. Joseph Academy was transferred from McSherrytown, Adams county, in 1858, to Chestnut Hill, where it possesses large

and handsome buildings. The Chegary Institute, Spruce Street, established in New York in 1814, and removed to Philadelphia, has long been known as an excellent school for young ladies. Broad Street Academy is in its twenty-second year. Fewsmith's school on Chestnut street has been in successful operation for twenty-nine years. Miss Anable's English, French, and German school, Pine street, was established in 1848, and has enjoyed continued prosperity. Madam Clement's School for Young Ladies, Germantown, was founded in 1857. French is the family language, and opportunity is afforded of learning the art of house-keeping. Lauderbach Academy, South Fourth street; Rugby Academy, Locust street; the Classical Institute, Thirteenth street; the Supplee Institute for Young Ladies, established in 1855, Spruce street; Philadelphia Seminary, North Broad street; the School for Young Ladies, 4117 Walnut street; Rittenhouse Academy, Eighteenth and Chestnut; Young Ladies' Academy, Poplar street; Philadelphia Collegiate Institute, Spruce and Sixteenth streets; and the French Protestant School, Germantown, are all ably conducted and well patronized. The Friends of both branches have high schools in Philadelphia; the Hebrews have one or more such schools, and the Catholics exercise control over at least twenty Academies and select schools.

PIKE. In 1827 the State incorporated an Academy or Public School at Milford, and made it a grant of $2,000. A building was erected, and for a time a good school was maintained, but when the appropriations under the Act of 1838 ceased, it soon closed. The property still belongs to the county, but for many years has not been used as an Academy. About 1840 there was an Academy of some repute at Dingman's Ferry, but the building has long been used by the Delaware common school district.

POTTER. In 1807 John Keating donated a square in Coudersport, and one hundred acres adjoining the town, towards the establishment of an Academy or Public School, and five hundred dollars towards the erection of buildings; but it was not until 1838 that the institution was incorporated and received the customary aid from the State. When the State withdrew its appropriations, by special Act the county was authorized to pay at first two hundred and afterwards three hundred dollars towards the support of the Academy. These payments were continued until 1866. In 1869 the whole property was conveyed to the school district of Coudersport, to be used for the purpose of a graded school, with a

high school department open to all the children of the county upon the payment of certain small tuition fees. The building was soon afterwards repaired, and the school, under this unique arrangement, combining the features of an Academy and a public school, has proven very successful.

In 1859 a building for an Academy was erected at Lewisville. J. A. Cooper, for many years at the head of the State Normal School at Edinboro, was the first Principal. An excellent school was built up by him and his successors; but in 1873 it was converted into a graded school like the one at Coudersport.

SCHUYLKILL.—In 1813 the Orwigsburg Academy was incorporated at Orwigsburg, then the county-seat. It was a County Academy or Public School, the trustees being elected by a vote of the people of the county, and as such received aid from the State. Located in the midst of a rich and beautiful country, the Academy was well attended, and from 1830 to 1850 it held the rank of one of the foremost institutions of the kind in the State. Subsequently it began to decline, and the building, used for some years for common school purposes, was at last torn down. The Arcadian Institute, opened by W. J. Burnside in the old Court-house in 1854, succeeded the Academy, but continued in operation only about ten years.

The Pottsville Institute was opened in 1832 by A. A. Wood, a graduate of Amherst. The course of instruction was very full, embracing all the branches now taught in Academies of the highest grade, including lectures on "School-Keeping." A brick building was erected for the Institute in 1833. In 1847 the name was changed to Pottsville Academy. Elias Schneider, who took an active part in the school affairs of the State from 1850 to 1860, was Principal about the time the name was changed. This school, as well as a Female Seminary in Pottsville, and the Academy and a Female Seminary at Orwigsburg, drew appropriations from the State under the Act of 1838.

SNYDER. In 1853 an Academy was erected at Freeburg. Two years afterwards it was burned down, but soon rebuilt. Its success as a school of high grade was not marked; and in 1863 it began to admit pupils from the public schools, and is now virtually a public school.

The Lutherans organized Susquehanna Female College at Selinsgrove in 1860. Its purpose was to afford girls the advantages of a

College. After graduating four classes, it became involved in debt, and the buildings were sold to private parties and the school closed. SOMERSET.-Somerset Academy was incorporated in 1810, and the State grant of $2,000 was used to erect buildings. Adam Snyder donated the square of ground on which the buildings were. placed. The teachers best remembered by the old students are Henry L. Holbrook, who taught from 1826 to 1838, and Col. J. R. Edie, who in 1842 is said to have introduced the first blackboard. used in the county. The building has long been used for public school purposes.

SULLIVAN.-The Friends have a school in which the higher branches are taught in Elkland township. It has been in successful operation nearly forty years. A Normal Institute for teachers has been open during the summer season for many years.

SUSQUEHANNA.-Susquehanna Academy at Montrose, incorporated in 1816, was one of the State-aided Public Schools. As in most other institutions of its class, great attention was paid to the classics and nearly all the early masters were College graduates. Women were employed as teachers in some of the more elementary departments. A new building was erected in 1850. A Normal School under the Principalship of John F. Stoddard was opened in it in 1857. About 1863 the building was leased to the school directors and opened for a graded public school.

Rev. Lyman Richardson established a classical school at Harford, in 1817. In 1830, it was incorporated as Franklin Academy, and drew appropriations under the Act of 1838. Later the name was changed to the more ambitious one of Harford University. For nearly fifty years the institution continued its good work, and bears upon its roll of students many names that became distinguished, among them Presidents of Colleges, Governors of States, Senators, Congressmen, Judges, etc. Of those best known in Pennsylvania mention may be made of John Guernsey, State Senator; John G. Stiles, Congressman; Henry W. Williams, President Judge; Galusha A. Grow, Speaker United States House of Representatives, and Charles R. Buckalew, United States Senator. The buildings were converted into a Soldiers' Orphan School in 1865.

An Academy was established at Dundaff, in 1833. After some years of effort to maintain it, the Academy was closed, and the building has since been occupied by the public schools. This institution, as well as a Female Seminary opened at Montrose in 1839 by