Parachute, par-a-shoot'. Paradigm, par'-a-dim, 44, a. Parliament, parl'-le-ment, 75. Paroquet, par'-o-ket, 53. Paroxysm, par'-ocks-izm. Parterre, par-tair, 89. Pasquinade, pas'-kwe-naid", 53. Patronage, pat'-ron-age, 73. -Pitiable, pit'-i-abl. Plaid, plad, 14, a. Plebeian, ple-bee'-yan, 7, c. Poignant, poy'-nănt, 44, a. Polygonal, pol-yg'-Ŏ-nal, 81. Pomegranate, pome-gran'-ate, 5, d. Pommel, pum'-měl, 8, a. Pentateuch, pen'-ta-tuke, 41. Poniard, pon'-yard, 7, c. Pontine, pon'-tin, 76. Ponton, pon-toon', 89. Porcelain, po're-slain. Porpoise, por-pus, 74. People, pee'-ple, 20. Peremptory, or Peremptory. Perfume, or Perfu'me, s. Perspicacious, per-spi-ca"-shus, 75. Perspicacity, per'-spi-cass"-I-ty, 73. Peruquier, per-roo'-kě-ěr, 89. Peruse, per-ooz'. Pewter, pu'-ter. Phæton, fa'-e-ton. Phalanx, fal'-angks, or fay'-langks. Pharmaceutic, far'-ma-su"-tick. Pharmaceutical, far-ma-su"-ti-cal. Phosphoric, fos-for-ic, 81. Phosphorus, fos'-för-us. Phrase, frāze. Phthisic, tiz-zick. Phthisis, ti'-cis. Physic, fiz-ick. Physician, fě-cish'-an, 79. Physiognomy, phys'-i-og"-nom-y. Pierce, peerce, 24, a. Piety, pi'-ě-ty, 80. Pillau, pil-law'. Pillion, pil'-yon, 7, c. Pinion, pin'-yon, 7, c. Piano-forte, pian'o-for"-tě, 90. Pirouette, pir-oo-et", 89. Portmanteau, port-man'-to, 89. Poultice, po'le-tiss, 76. Pour, pore, or poor, 29. Precipice, press'-ě-pis, 76. Prejudice, pred'-joo-diss, 76. Premier, pre'-mě-er, or prem' yer Premise, v. pre-mi'ze, 71. Premise, s. prem'-iss, 76. Presage, v. pre-sa'ge, 71. Presage, s. press'-age, 74. Prescience, pre'-sheens, 79. Presumption, pre-zum'-shun, 73. Prison, priz'-Ŏn. Pristine, pris'-tin, 76. Private, pri'-văte, 74. Privy, priv-y. Proceeds, pross'-eeds, or pro-cee'ds. Proem, pro'-em. Profile, pro-feel', 7, b. Projectile, pro-jec'-til, 76. Prologue, prol'-og. Promenade, prom'-en-ad". Promise, s. prom'-is, 76. Prompt, promt, 51. Pronounce, pro-nownce'. Pronunciation, pro-nun"-ce-a-shun, 73. Prorogue, pro-ro'gue, 33, c. Proselyte, pross'-e-līte, 77. Prove, proov, 8, b. Prow, prou, or pro, 29. Prowess, prou'-ess, or pro'-ess, 29. Prowl, proul, 29. Prurient, proor'-ě-ent, 9, b. Prussian, prush'-yăn, 7, b. Puerile, pu'-ĕr-il, 76. Puissance, pwees'-ănce, or pu'-iss-ănce. Pumice, pum'-iss, or pu'-miss, 76. QUADRILLE, ka-dril'. Qualify, kwol'-ě-fi, 32. Quality, kwol'-ě-ty, 32. Quandary, kwon-da're-y. Quarantine, kwor'-an-teen, 32. Quarrel, kwor'-rěl, 32. Quart, kwort, 32. Quartz, kworts, 32. Quash, kwosh, 32. Quaver, kwa'-ver, 32. Quote, kwōte, 32. Quotient, kwo'-shent, 75. Receipt, re-ceet', 51. Receptacle, re-cep'-ta-cle. Recipe, ress'-I-pě, 90. Recitative, ress-e-tă-teev", 7, b. Recondite, re-con'-dit, or rec'-on-dit. Rec'-u-sǎnt, or Re-cu'-sănt, 69. Redoubt, re-dowt', 39. Rehearse, re-hĕrce', 17. Reign, rain, 19; 44, a. Rein, rain, 19. Relate, re-la'te. Relative, rěl'-ǎ-tiv, 73. Repartee, rep'-ar-tee", 89. Requiem, rec'-kwe-em, 53. Respite, ress'-pit, 76. Retinue, ret'-e-nu, 69. Revenue, rev-e-nu, 69. Reverie, rev'-er-ee", 69. Rhapsody, rap'-so-dy, 45. Rhetorical, re-tor'-i-cal, 81. Rhinoceros, ri-noss'-er-os. Rhomb, romb, 45. Rhubarb, roo'-barb, 45. Righteous, rite'-yus, 7, b. Rogue, rōg, 33, c. Rondeau, ron'-do, 12. Roué, roo'-ay, 89. Rowlock, rul'-lock, 73. Rudiment, roo'-de-ment, 9, b. Ruffian, ruff-yan, 7, b. Rugged, rug-ged (g hard). Ruse, rooz, 9, b. SABAOTH, sa-ba'-Ŏth. Sacrament, sac'-ra-ment, 73. Sacred, sa'-cred. Sacrifice, s. sac'-ri-fice. Sacrifice, v. sac'-ri-fize. Sagacious, sa-ga'-shus, 84. Sagacity, sa-gass-i-ty, 73. Saith, seth, 14, a. Saline, sa-li'ne, or sal'-in, 69. Saliva, sa-li'-va, 70. Salmon, sam'-mon, 48. Saltpetre, sawlt-pe'-ter, 6, b. Salver, sal'-ver. Sanguine, sang'-gwin, 34. Sapphire, săf-ir, 52. Saunter, san'-ter, 16, a. Scenic, sen'-ic, 73. Scent, sent. Sceptic, skep'-tick, 40. Sceptre, sep'-tŭr, 6, b. Schedule, sed'-ule, or shed'-ule. Scheme, skeem, 1. Schism, sizm. Schismatic, s. siz'-ma-tick. Schismatic, a. siz-mat-ick, 80, a. Scimitar, sim'-ě-tar. Scirrhus, skir'-rus. Scissors, ciz'-zors. Sluice, slooce. Smother, smuth'-er, 8, a. Smoulder, smo ́le-der, 29, a. Solder, sol'-der, or saw'-der. Soliloquy, so-lil-o-kwě, 53. Solstice, sol'-stiss, 76. Some, sum, 8, a. Somerset, sum'-er-set, 8, a. Sonorous, so-no'-rus. Southerly, suth-er-ly, 73. Special, spesh'-ăl, 7, c. Seraglio, se-ral'-yo, 7, b. Sergeant, săr'-jǎnt. Servile, ser-vil, 76. Severity, se-věr′-i-ty, 73 Sieve, siv, 24. Sigh, sl, 44, b. Sign, sīne, 44, a. Siliquous, sil'-i-kwus, 53. Springe, sprinje. Springy, spring'-y. Squab, skwob, 5, b. Squamous, skwa'-müs, 53. Stalactite, sta-lac'-tite, 77. Stalagmite, sta-lag'-mite, 77. Sterile, ster-il, 76. Stipend, sti'-pend. Stipendiary, sti-pen'-di-ăr-y, 73. Stir, stěr, 7, a. Stomach, stum'-ack, 8, a. Stomacher, stum'-a-cher, 8, a. Strew, stroo. Strophe, strof-ě, 90. Sturgeon, sturj'-on, 75. Suasive, swa-sive, 32. Subaltern, sub'-ǎl-tern. Subaqueous, sub-a'-kwe-us, 53. Sublunar, sub-lu'-nar. Sublunary, sub'-lŭ-nar-y. Subtile, sub'-til, 76. Subtle, sut'-tl, 6, b. Succedaneum, suc'-ce-da"-ne-um. Successor, suc-cess'-or, 72. Sugar, shoog'-ar, 55. Suggest, sud-gest'. Suicide, su'-I-cide. Suite, sweet, 89. Sumach, su'-mack, or shoo'-mack. Sumpter, sum'-ter, 51. Sumptuous, sum'-tu-us, 51. Sure, shoor, 55. Surfeit, sur-fit, 74. Surgeon, sur'-jun, 75. Surplice, sur-pliss, 76. Synonymous, sin-on'-i-mus. Systole, sis'-to-lě, 90. TAMBOUR, tam'-bur. Taunt, tant, or tawnt, 16, a. Terrace, ter-race, 76. Textile, tex'-til, 76. Thames, tems, 5, e. Theatre, thee'-ǎ-těr, 6, b. Their, thare. Theologian, the'-o-lo"-gi-an, 68, a. Theologic, the'-o-log"-ic, 8, a. Tomb, toom, 39. Tourniquet, tur-ne-ket, 53. Tragodian, tra-jee-di-ăn Trait, tray, 89. Traverse, trav-erse. Travesty, trav'-es-ty. Treillage, trel'-läge. Troubadour, troo ́-ba-door". Trough, trof, 29, e. Tuesday, tüze'-day. Turkois, Turquoise, turkeez'. Twelvemonth, twel'-munth, 8, a; 58. UNGUENT, ung-went, 53. Unique, u-neek', 7, b. Usquebaugh, us-kwe-baw". Utensil, u-ten'-sil. Uterine, u'-ter-ine, 77. VACILATE, vass'-il-late. Vaccine, vack'-cine, 76. Vague, vaig, 33, c. Venison, ven'-e-zn, or ven' -zn. Verdegris, ver'-de-greece, 7, b. Vermicelli, ver'-mi-chel"-ly, 89. Victualler, vit'-ler, 40. Victuals, vit'-tǎls, 40. Vignette, vin'-yet. Violoncello, ve'-o-lone-chel"-lo, 89 Virago, vir-a-go, 70. Virile, vir'-il, 76. Virtu, ver-too', 89. Viscount, vi'-cownt, 55. Visor, viz'-or. Vituline, vit'-u-lin, 76. WACKE, wack'-y. Wainscot, wen'-scot, 14, a Wherefore, whĕr-fore, 73. Whistle, hwis'-sł. Widgeon, widj ́-Ŏn, 75. Wound, woond, 29, c. Wrath, rawth, 5, b. Wry, ri, 59. ORTHOGRAPHY. PRIOR to the invention of the art of Printing, little attention was paid to the ORTHOGRAPHY of English or Saxon words. In fact, the first writers, having no guide but the ear, followed each his own judgment, or his fancy at the moment; and hence a large number of Saxon words were written in two or more ways, by different, and even by the same authors. These irregularities were transferred to the first printed works, and many of them remain to the present day. The following observations on the subject are Dr. Johnson's: "There have been many schemes offered for the emendation and settlement of our ORTHOGRAPHY, which, like that of other nations, being formed by chance, or according to the fancy of the earliest writers in rude ages, was at first very various and uncertain, and is yet sufficiently irregular. Of these reformers, some have endeavoured to accommodate orthography better to the pronunciation, without considering that it is to measure by a shadow, to take that for a model or standard which is changing while they apply it. Others, less absurdly indeed, but with equal unlikelihood of success, have endeavoured to proportion the number of letters to that of sounds, that every sound may have its own character, and every character a single sound. Such would be the orthography of a new language, to be formed by a synod of grammarians upon principles of science. But who can hope to prevail on nations to change their practice, and make all their old books useless? Or what advantage would a new orthography procure, equivalent to the confusion and perplexity of such an alteration ?" He then, after mentioning and giving a short description of the several schemes proposed by Sir Thomas Smith, secretary of state to Queen Elizabeth, Dr. Gill, the celebrated master of St. Paul's school, London, Charles Butler, and Bishop Wilkins, in none of which he expresses his concurrence-concludes in these words: "We have since had no general reformers, but some ingenious men have endeavoured to deserve well of their country, by writing honor and labor, for honour and labour; red for read, in the preter-tense; sais for says; repete for repeat; explane for explain, or declame for declaim. Of these it may be said, that as they have done no good, they have done little harm; both because they have innovated little, and because few have followed them." It is much to be regretted, that Dr. Johnson, who possessed-and who deservedly possessed-an almost absolute authority in such matters, did not attempt to settle the orthography even of those words that are spelled in two or more different ways. On the contrary, he has confirmed many of these irregularities by his own example. For instance, notwithstanding what he has said against writing "honor for honour, and labor for labour." he has, in his own Dictionary, written several words of this class without the u, as— And though he makes the majority of the words of this class end, in his Dictionary, in our, yet he omits the u in almost all the words that are formed from them; as from clamour, clamor-ous, &c. Dolorific. Evaporate. Humorist. Laborious. Rigorous. Vaporous. In the following words he retains the u, though he has rejected it in those we have just given: Favourable. Favourite. Favouritism. Favourer. Honourable. Labouror. |