the river. His doors were barred, and his family, girls and all, slept with loaded firearms in ready reach. His house was surrounded again and again by violent slave-hunters. The romance of the border of that day was thrilling in the extreme, though its actors were but plain farmers and timid shadow-fearing fugitives.

There was no preconcerted action on the part of the men so engaged, yet there was a kind of system. When runaways got across the river, the Fees and others, according to circumstances, either hurried them on or secreted them until the hunt went by. They were then guided northward, generally through Tate township, where they were cared for by the Rileys, Benjamin Rice, Richard Mace, Isaac H. Brown, and others. The route from thence led by various ways to the Quaker settlements of Clinton county. The work was generally done in the night, to avoid trouble with some who for the sake of rewards were often on the watch. were ever captured, and many hundreds must have escaped.

Few

A Fourierite Association was formed in the county in 1844. The Phalanx bought three tracts of land on the Ohio, in Franklin township, and put up some buildings. At the end of two years, seeing that communism did not better their lot in life and the association getting in debt, they closed up its affairs.

A Spiritualistic Community bought their buildings. At its head was John A.

BIRTHPLACE OF GEN. U. S. GRANT, POINT PLEASANT.

Wattles, with a following of nearly 100 persons. It was based on principles of business and religion, and involving a system of communism. In the great flood of 1847 their main building fell and seventeen lives lost, which ruined the enterprise.

UTOPIA. The little village of Utopia was established at this era by Henry Jernagan, one of the Fourierites, and on Utopian principles. Many of the old members of the Phalanx moved thither, and carried on various avocations. For a time Utopia was a happy, beautiful place; the people had few wants, and these were supplied at home. They eventually became restless, and some of the better class moving away and others moving in harmony with its trustees, its Utopian features dissolved.

POINT PLEASANT, a little village or hamlet on the Ohio, about twenty-five miles above Cincinnati, will ever be memorable as the birthplace of Gen. U. S. Grant. This event took place April 27, 1822. The next year the family removed to Georgetown, Brown county, which became his boyhood home. His father the year before had married Miss Hannah Simpson, of Tate township. At the time of his birth Jesse R. Grant was employed in the tannery of Thomas Page. The house in which the young and poor couple resided belonged to Lee Thompson. It

remains as well preserved as originally built; a lean-to kitchen has since been added. It is a one-story frame, 16 x 19 feet, with a steep roof, the pitch being five feet, and on the right or north end is a huge chimney, affording a spacious fireplace. The window-panes are very small, and it was quite a humble domicile, having but two rooms: that on the right being the living-room, and that on the left the bedroom in which the general first saw the light.

CHRONOLOGY OF GEN. GRANT'S LIFE.

1822. April 27. Born at Point Pleasant, Ohio. 1839. July 1. Entered West Point Military Academy. 1843.

Graduated from West Point.

1845. Commissioned as second lieutenant, and served in the Mexican war, under Gens. Taylor and Scott.

1848. Married, Miss Julia Dent, of St. Louis, Mo., while stationed at Sackett's Harbor, N. Y. 1852. Ordered to Oregon.

1853. Commissioned as captain in August. 1854. Resigned from the army in July. 1854-59. Lived in St. Louis.

1859. Removed to Galena, Ill., engaged in the tanning business with his father and brothers.

1861. Commissioned as colonel. Made brigadier-general in July, in command at Cairo; saved Kentucky to the Union. In November fought the battle of Belmont.

1862. Conducted a reconnoissance to the rear of Columbus in January; Fort Henry surrendered, February 6, and Fort Donelson, February 16. Made commander of West Tennessee; his army fought the successful battle of Shiloh, April 6 and 7. Second to Gen. Halleck at the siege of Corinth, he was given charge of the Department of Tennessee on the latter's call to the East.

1863. July 4. Forced the surrender of Vicksburg with 30,000 Confederates, after a siege beginning the previous October. In November defeated Gen. Bragg at Chattanooga, the fighting extending over four days, beginning November 23.

1864. Commissioned lieutenant-general by President Lincoln, March 3, and called to Washing

ton.

Assumed command of the armies of United States, March 8. Forced a passage across the

James river between June 12 and 15, after the severe battles of the Wilderness, and laid siege to Richmond and Petersburg.

1865. April 2. The Confederate lines broken. Lee abandoned Richmond. The flying Confederates overtaken at Appomattox Court-House. April 9, Lee surrendered his entire army as prisoners of war, which was followed by the surrender of all the remaining forces of the Confederacy, and the close of the civil war.

1866. July 25. Congress created the grade of general, and he received the commission the same day.

1867. Served as Secretary of War from August to February, 1868.

1868. Elected President, receiving 214 of 294 electoral votes.

1872. Re-elected President by 268 electoral votes to 80.

1877. Started upon a tour around the world, which ended in the spring of 1880.

1880. Was a candidate for a third Presidential term, but was defeated for the nomination by Gen. James A. Garfield.

1881. Took up his residence in New York city. 1882. Became a member of the firm of Grant & Ward, whose disastrous failure, involving some $14,000,000, occurred in May, 1884.

1884. In June physicians were summoned to prescribe for an affection of the mouth, which was pronounced a cancer.

1885. March 3. The House passed the bill putting Gen. Grant on the retired list. June 16, he was removed from New York to Mount MacGregor, Saratoga county, where he died Thursday, July 23.

LOVELAND is on the Little Miami river, twenty-three miles from Cincinnati, on the line of the P. C. & St. L., the C. W. & B., and C. & C. M. railroads. It contains 1 Methodist, 1 Colored Methodist, 1 Presbyterian, and 1 Catholic church. Planing-mill, A. B. Brock, 10 hands; lumber- and coal-yards, carriage-factory, machine-shop, agricultural depot, etc. Newspaper: Loveland Enterprise, Con. W. Gatch, editor and proprietor. Population in 1880, 595. Sixty trains pass daily through it, and it is fast building up.

FELICITY is on an elevated plateau, in a rich, densely populated agricultural country, and is a good business centre, five miles from the Ohio. Furniture and chair-making is the chief industry. It has 1 Methodist Episcopal, 1 Wesleyan Methodist, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Church of Christ, 1 Colored Methodist, and 1 Colored Baptist church, and in 1880 a population of 1,047.

The following are the names of other villages in the county, with their populations in 1880: Moscow, 516; NEVILLE, 445; BOSTON, 307.

Clermont has produced quite a number of authors. Mary E. Fee was a poetess, born in the county, who wrote for the public prints over the signature of "Eulalie." Her poems were published in one volume of 194 pages, in Cincinnati, in 1854. She at that time married John Shannon, and with her devoted husband sought a home in California, where as "Eulalie" she lectured and recited her poems, drawing the largest and best-paying houses the Golden State ever accorded to any person. She did not live long to enjoy her brilliant triumphs, and after her lamented hus

band fell in a duel. Another lady, Mrs. Dr. George Conner, of Cincinnati, formerly Miss Eliza Archard, and the well-known "E. A.," of the Cincinnati Commercial, is also a native.

George M. D. Bloss, editor of the Cincinnati Enquirer, resided at Branch Hill, on the line of the L. M. R. R.; he was run over by the cars and killed there in 1876. He was regarded as one of the most able of political writers; but his handwriting, worse than Horace Greeley's, was SO illegible that only one compositor in the office could decipher it, and he was retained for that purpose. His memory for election statistics was as extraordinary as his chirography was detestable. His "Historic and Literary Miscellany," a book of 460 pages, was highly popular. Milton Jameison, of Batavia, who was lieutenant of Ohio volunteers in the Mexican war, wrote a work valuable as descriptive of army life there, and especially vivid in its descriptions of Mexican agricultural life and the shiftless character of the Mexican people.

Abbie C. McKeever, the acknowledged successor of Phoebe Cary, was born near Withamsville in 1852, and is still living there. She has written

ABBIE C. MCKEEVER.

largely for the serials. Two of her poems which have been much admired are annexed:

CLINTON.

CLINTON COUNTY was organized in 1810, and named after George Clinton, Vice-President of the United States, who was of Irish ancestry, born in Ulster county, New York, in 1739, and died in Washington, D. C., in 1812. He projected the canal system of New York in 1791, his ideas being carried to their legitimate ends by his nephew, Governor DeWitt Clinton.

George Clinton, in 1758, returned from a privateering cruise, and as a lieutenant took part in the expedition against Fort Frontenac. After disbandment of the colonial forces he studied law and entered into politics, being elected to the New York Assembly in 1768. He was elected a delegate to the second Continental Congress in 1775. He was prevented from signing the Declaration of Independence with the New York delegation by an imperative call from Washington to take post in the Highlands as a militia general. In 1777 he was made a brigadier-general in the Continental army, and in October of the same year made a brilliant but unsuccessful defence with Montgomery of the Highland forts against the British. He was chosen first governor of the State of New York, April, 1777, and was successively elected until 1795. He thwarted an expedition led in 1780 by Sir John Johnson, Brant and Cornplanter against the settlers of the Mohawk valley, saving them from massacre.

At the time of Shay's rebellion he marched in person at the head of the militia against the insurgents, and greatly aided in quelling that outbreak. In 1788 he presided at the State convention to ratify the Federal Constitution, the adoption of which he opposed on the ground that it delegated too much power to the Federal congress and executive. At the first presidential election he received three electoral votes for the vice-presidency. In 1792, when Washington was re-elected, he received fifty votes for the same office, and at the sixth presidential election, 180913, he received six ballots from New York for the presidency. In 1800 he was chosen to the legislature, and in 1801 was again governor. In 1804 he was elected Vice-President of the United States, which office he filled until his death. He took great interest in education, and in his message at the opening session of the legislature in 1795 he initiated the movement for the organization of the common school system.

In his private life he was affectionate and winning, though dignified. He was bold and courageous as a military man, and in public life he wielded vast influence owing to his sound judgment, marvellous energy, and great moral force of character.

The surface of this county is generally level, on the west undulating; it has some prairie land. The soil is fertile, and is well adapted to corn and grass. Its area is 400 square miles. In 1885 the acres cultivated were 115,154; in pasture, 52,313; woodland, 34,954; lying waste, 2,351; produced in wheat, 160,389 bushels; corn, 2,419,796. School census 1886, 7,717; teachers, 189. It has 97 miles of railroad.

The population in 1820 was 8,085; in 1840, 15,729 ; in 1860, 20,638 ; in 1880, 23,293, of whom 21,061 were Ohio-born.

This county was settled about the year 1803, principally by emigrants from Kentucky, Pennsylvania, and North Carolina. The first settlement, however, was

made in 1797 by William Smally. Most of the first emigrants were backwoodsmen, and well fitted to endure the privations incident upon settling a new country. They lived principally upon game, and gave little attention to agricultural pursuits. As the country grew older game became scarce, emigrants flocked from

different parts of the Union, and the primitive manner of living gave place to that more conformable to the customs of older States.

The following are the names of some of the most noted of the early settlers: Thomas Hinkson, Aaron Burr, and Jesse Hughes, the first associate judges; Nathan Linton, the first land surveyor; Abraham Ellis and Thomas Hardin, who had

been soldiers of the Revolution; Joseph Doan, James Mills, and Henry Babb, who served as commissioners; Morgan Mendican, who erected the first mill in the county, on Todd's fork; and Capt. James Spencer, who was distinguished in various conflicts with the Indians.

The first house for divine worship was erected by Friends, at Centre, in 1806.