shoulders. But "look around" at a house of God, built in honor of the Deity, which is his monument because he consecrated his life to the edifice in which he lies buried today.

As we contemplate the life of Senator ROBINSON, our friend, our comrade, our leader, I know of no more fitting encomium or epitaph than this: "Stranger, if you seek a monument, look around. Look around at a city in which he lived, a better city because he lived in it. Look around at a State in which he lived, a better State because he lived in it. Look around at a Nation in which he lived, a better Nation because he lived in it. Look around at a better Government, a more responsive Government, a more democratic Government, because for more than a quarter of a century he lived in it and was a part of it, gave of his mind and of his heart and of his experience in order that it might be a better Government and a better Nation. Look around at a better world, because in his relationships here, and his associations and acquaintanceship with the outstanding men and women of all nations, he gave to them such an idealism and impressed upon them such a high conception of public duty that he left his imprint upon the civilization of which he was a part and to which he made a lasting contribution."

In life we admired and loved and respected Senator ROBINSON. In death we honor and revere him. Many years will elapse before his equal shall occupy the place which he honored.

I am glad, Mr. President, with these humble but sincere words, to pay my tribute of respect, admiration, and love to one of the great statesmen of America.

Mr. McNARY. Mme. President

The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. Caraway in the chair). The Senator from Oregon.

Address by Senator McNary

Of Oregon

Mr. McNARY. Mme. President, last July the sudden death of our colleague, JOSEPH T. ROBINSON, shocked the country and stirred the Senate to its depths. I have been here many years, but have never seen surpassed such general and deep-felt consciousness of loss. There are some feelings that time cannot benumb, and the years will serve only to heighten our sense of the worth of this man.

I became acquainted with JOE ROBINSON when I entered the Senate in the summer of 1917 and, seasonably following, we developed a fine and firm friendship which continued uninterrupted to the end. A short time thereafter he was elected leader of the Democratic minority and, by the force of public opinion that led his party to victory, became majority leader in 1933. I was assistant leader of the majority and later leader of the minority, and our positions drew us close together because of policies and programs which well-organized parliamentary parties must follow if their purposes are to be carried to fruition.

When he was minority leader of the Democrats in the Senate, JOE ROBINSON was always human and helpful, never badgering, never baiting, never biting at the program initiated by the dominant party. Then, when our beloved Senator was elevated to the position of majority leader of this body he was tolerant ever of the aspirations of the minority, and through instinct, understanding, and experience exhibited a sympathy and knowledge of those bereft of temporary control by political processes.

Mme. President, I am not undertaking to disclose the Senator as a saint. He had his human foibles. He had a

fervent, emotional side, quick to strangle wrong; equally quick to combat the arguments of those who stood in his path. At times in debate his poise and innate judicial temperament were submerged by the resurgence of his emotionalism. Then he was the warrior bent on destruction. Master of inscrutable keenness and mental alertness, he possessed confidence, which in turn begat courage. These mental and temperamental qualities made him a conspicuous and constructive force in public life for a period extending over a third of a century. His nature was lovable, and the road to his heart was broad, and paved with generous impulses.

There was another side to the life of our beloved colleague revealed only to those who knew him intimately, and in this environment he was an exemplar. He loved the woods, the mountains, the streams, the lakes, and the sea. He had a kinship with Nature, and was enamored of the primeval and all that abundant Nature bestowed in flowers and trees, fish and fowl. He lived much in God's glorious out-of-doors, where there are "tongues in trees, books in the running brooks, sermons in stones, and good in everything." From such scenes he took inspiration and inculcated practical philosophy, which sustained him in many a tired and trying day and restless night.

As with all men in public life, his path alternately was strewn with tears and joy. During the last few years of his life, as leader of the Senate, his responsibilities grew manifold, but he carried them uncomplainingly, and never veered from what he thought was the true course when the welfare of his country was involved, even when personal ambition indicated an opposite path.

I pleasantly recall the words of one of the less well-known poems of Joyce Kilmer which our friend, JOE ROBINSON, recited to me on more than one occasion.

They say life is a highway and its milestones are the years;

And now and then there's a tollgate where you pay your way with tears;

It's a rough and a steep road and it stretches broad and far;
But it leads at last to a golden town where golden houses are.

Mme. President, JOE ROBINSON never wished to wear the crown: he never hesitated to bear the cross. He sought equality for all and envied none, and my thought is that he lives today in a "golden town where golden houses are."

Address by Senator Borah

Of Idaho

Mr. BORAH. Mme. President, when word reached his colleagues that Senator ROBINSON had died during the night I think we all felt that a life had been given in response to the arduous call to duty. We know that he was fully advised of the threat to his health involved in a continued application to hard work, but, with unflinching devotion he remained with his task. The answer to the charge sometimes heard that public service no longer furnishes examples of personal sacrifice to public duty is answered by the life and death of our former colleague.

Others will dwell more at length upon the details of his long and successful public career and of the many splendid qualities which graced his private life. I must be content to pay a brief and simple tribute to a strong, brave colleague who met and discharged the heavy obligations made upon him with a fidelity to his trust which may well excite the admiration and the emulation of all who come into this body in search of worthy and lasting honors.

Senator ROBINSON was always just what he was-no shadow of display, no pretense. He was able, industrious, courageous. And he died with the deep respect and affectionate regard of the entire Senate.