"How can they say that nature "Has nothing made in vain; "Why then beneath the water "Should hideous rocks remain ?" &c. &c. Compare this with a passage in Chaucer's Frankeleines Tale, Tyrwhitt's edit. v. i, 11,179, &c. "In idel, as men sain, ye nothing make, "But, lord, thise grisly fendly rockes blake," &c. &c. And Mr. Pope is more indebted to the same author for beauties, inserted in his Eloisa to Abelard, than he has been willing to acknowledge. Steevens. If Drayton wrote The Nymphidia after A Midsummer Night's Dream had been acted, he could with very little propriety say: "Then since no muse hath been so bold, "Or of the later or the ould, "Those elvish secrets to unfold, 66 "Which lye from others reading; My active muse to light shall bring "The court of that proud fayry king, "And tell there of the revelling; "Jove prosper my proceeding." Holt White. Don Quixote, though published in Spain, in 1605, was probably little known in England, till Skelton's translation appeared, in 1612. Drayton's poem was, I have no doubt, subsequent to that year. The earliest edition of it, that I have seen, was printed in 1619. Malone. sweet Puck,] The epithet is by no means superfluous; as Puck alone was far from being an endearing appellation. It signified nothing better than fiend, or devil. So, the author of Pierce Ploughman puts the pouk for the devil, fol. lxxxx, B. V, penult. See also, fol. lxvii, v. 15: " none helle powke.” It seems to have been an old Gothic word. Puke, puken; Sathanas, Gudm. And. Lexicon Island. Tyrwhitt. In The Bugbears, an ancient MS. comedy, in the possession of the Marquis of Lansdowne, I likewise met with this appellation of a fiend: "Puckes, puckerels, hob howlard, by gorn and Robin Good felow." Again, in The Scourge of Venus, or the wanton Lady, with the rare Birth of Adonis, 1615: "Their bed doth shake and quaver as they lie, "As if it groan'd to bear the weight of sinne; "And cry out at the shame they do live in: Puck. Again, in Spenser's Epithalamion, 1595: "Ne let house-fyres, nor lightning's helpelesse harms, "Ne let mischievous witches with their charmes, "Ne let hobgoblins," &c. Again, in the ninth Book of Golding's translation of Ovid's Metamorphoses, edit. 1587, p. 126: and the country where Chymæra, that same pooke, "Hath goatish bodie," &c. Steevens. 9 Puck. Thou speak'st aright;] I would fill up the verse, which I suppose the author left complete: I am, thou speak'st aright; It seems that, in the fairy mythology, Puck, or Hobgoblin, was the trusty servant of Oberon, and always employed to watch or detect the intrigues of Queen Mab, called by Shakspeare, Titania. For, in Drayton's Nymphidia, the same fairies are engaged in the same business. Mab has an amour with Pigwiggen: Oberon, being jealous, sends Hobgoblin to catch them, and one of Mab's nymphs opposes him by a spell. Johnson. 1 -a roasted crab;] i. e. a wild apple of that name. the anonymous play of King Henry V, &c. "Yet we will have in store a crab in the fire, "With nut-brown ale," &c. Again, in Damon and Pythias, 1582: "And sit down in my chaire by my wife fair Alison, So, in the old ballad: "I love no rost, but a nut-brown toast "And a crab laid in the fire, "And little bread shall do me stead; "Much bread I nought desire.” So, in In Summer's Last Will and Testament, 1600, Christmas is described as sitting in a corner, turning crabs, "Or coughing o'er a warmed pot of ale." Steevens. 4. The correction of the Ms. is better fence. even and gente Johnson's And tailor cries,2 and falls into a cough; And then the whole quire hold their hips, and loffe;3 But room, Faery,5 here comes Oberon. Fai. And here my mistress:-'Would that he were I gone! 2 And tailor cries,] The custom of crying tailor, at a sudden fall backwards, think I remember to have observed. He that slips beside his chair, falls as a tailor squats upon his board. The Oxford editor, and Dr. Warburton after him, read-and rails or cries, plausibly, but I believe not rightly. Besides, the trick of the fairy is represented as producing rather merriment than anger. Johnson. "Be This phrase perhaps originated in a pun. Your tail is now on the ground. See Camden's Remaines, 1614, PROVERBS. tween two stools the tayle goeth to the ground." Malone. hold their hips, and loffe;] So, in Milton's L'Allegro: "And laughter holding both his sides." Steevens. 3 4 And waxen-] And encrease, as the moon waxes. Johnson. A feeble sense may be extracted from the foregoing words as they stand; but Dr. Farmer observes to me, that waxen is probably corrupted from yoxen, or yexen. Yoxe Saxon, to hiccup. Ÿyxyn. Singultio. Prompt. Parv. Thus, in Chaucer's Reve's Tale, v. 4149: "He yoxeth, and he speaketh thurgh the nose." Again, in the preface to XII. mery Festes of the Wyddow Edyth. 1575: "Beside the cough, a bloudy flyx, "And cuir among a deadly yex." Again, in Philemon Holland's translation of the 27th Book of Pliny, chap v: "-and also they do stay the excessive yex or hocket." That yex, however, was a familiar word, so late as the time of Ainsworth the lexicographer, is clear from his having produced it as a translation of the Latin substantive-singultus. The meaning of the passage before us will then be, that the objects of Puck's waggery laughed till their laughter ended in a yex or hiccup. It should be remembered, in support of this conjecture, that Puck is at present speaking, with an affectation of ancient phraseology. Steevens. 5 But room, Faery,] Thus the old copies. Some of our modern editors read" But make room, Fairy." The word Fairy, or Faery, was sometimes of three syllables, as often in Spenser. A a Johnson. SCENE II. Enter OBERON,6 at one door, with his train, and 7 Obe. Ill met by moon-light, proud Titania. Obe. Tarry, rash wanton. Am not I thy lord? 6 Enter Oberon,] Oberon had been introduced on the stage in 1594, by some other author. In the Stationers' books is entered "The Scottishe Story of James the fourthe, slain at Flodden, intermixed with a pleasant Comedie, presented by Oberon, King of Fairies." The judicious editor of The Cant. Tales of Chaucer, in his Introductory Discourse, (See Vol. IV, p. 161) observes that Pluto and Proserpina in The Merchant's Tale, appear to have been "the true progenitors of Oberon and Titania." Steevens. 7 Titania,] As to the Fairy Queen, (says Mr. Warton, in his Observations on Spenser) considered apart from the race of fairies, Chaucer, in his Rime of Sir Thopas, mentions her, together with a Fairy land. Again, in The Wif of Bathes Tale, v. 6439: "In olde dayes of the king Artour, "Of which that Bretons speken gret honour; Steevens. of 8 Playing on pipes of corn,] Richard Brathwaite (Strappado for the Devil, 1615,) has a poem addressed "To the queen harvest, &c. much honoured by the reed, corn-pipe, and whistle :" and it must be remembered, that the shepherd boys of Chaucer's time, had 66 - many a floite and lilting horne, "And pipés made of greené corne.” Ritson. 9 -versing love-] Perhaps Prior was the last, who employed this verb: "And Mat mote praise what Topaz verseth." Steevens. To give their bed joy and prosperity. Obe. How canst thou thus, for shame, Titania, Glance at my credit with Hippolyta, Knowing I know thy love to Theseus? Didst thou not lead him through the glimmering night1 And make him with fair Æglé break his faith, Tita. These are the forgeries of jealousy: And never, since the middle summer's spring,3 1 Didst thou not lead him through the glimmering night -] The glimmering night is the night, faintly illuminated by stars. In Macbeth our author says: "The west yet glimmers with some streaks of day." Steevens. 2 From Perigenia, whom he ravished?] Thus all the editors; but our author who diligently perused Plutarch, and gleaned from him, where his subject would admit, knew, from the life of Theseus, that her name was Perygine, (or Perigune,) by whom Theseus had his son Melanippus. She was the daughter of Sinnis, a cruel robber, and tormenter of passengers in the Isthmus. Plutarch and Athenæus are both express in the circumstance of Theseus ravishing her. Theobald. In North's translation of Plutarch (Life of Theseus) this lady is called Perigouna. The alteration was probably intentional, for the sake of harmony. Her real name was Perigune. Malone. Æglé, Ariadne, and Antiopa, were all at different times mistresses to Theseus. See Plutarch. Theobald cannot be blamed for his emendation; and yet it is well known that our ancient authors, as well as the French and the Italians, were not scrupulously nice about proper names, but almost always corrupted them. Steevens. 3 And never, since the middle summer's spring, &c.] By the middle summer's spring, our author seems to mean the beginning of middle or mid summer. Spring, for beginning, he uses again in King Henry IV, P. II: 66 "As flaws congealed in the spring of day:" which expression has authority from the scripture, St. Luke, i, 78: whereby the day-spring from on high hath visited us." Again, in the romance of Kyng Appolyn of Thyre, 1510: 66 — arose in a mornynge at the sprynge of the day," &c. Again, in Spenser's Fairy Queen, B. III, c. x: "He wooed her till day-spring he espyde." Steevens. So Holinshed, p. 494: "-the morrowe after about the spring of the daie-" Malone. The middle summer's spring, is, I apprehend, the season when trees put forth their second, or, as they are frequently called, their midsummer shoots. Thus, Evelyn in his Silva: "Cut off |