44. Any subject in debate, or matter of business, may be referred to a committee, with or without instructions; the committee to report the result of their investigations to the meeting.

45. The report of a committee is accepted by a vote, which simply acknowledges the service of the commitee, and places their report before the meeting for its action. Afterwards, any distinct proposition or recommendation contained in the report, is separately acted on, and may be adopted or rejected.

46. A majority of a committee constitutes a quorum for business, who may meet where they please, but they cannot act except when together; and nothing can be the report of the committee except what is agreed upon in committee.

AMENDMENTS.

47. Amendments may be made to motions by omitting, adding or substituting, words or sentences, and amendments to amendments, are in order.

48. The amendment should be discussed and voted on first, and then the original resolution, as amended. 49. No amendment should be made, which essentially changes the nature or design of the original resolution. 50. But a substitute may be offered for any motion or amendment under debate, which may or may not change the design of the motion.

51. It is in order to move an amendment to strike out certain words and insert others;-this being rejected, it is in order to move to strike out, and insert a different set of words; this being rejected, it is in order to move to strike out the same words, and insert nothing; because each of these is a distinct proposition differing from the others. But it must be recollected, that it is not in order, if the motion to strike out and insert A. is carried, to move an amendment to strike out A. and insert B. To avoid this dilemma, the mover of B. must gice notice, pending the motion to insert A., that he intends. to move the insertion of B., in which case, he will gain the votes of all who prefer the amendment B. to the amendment A., in opposition to A. But, after A. is inserted, it is in order to move an amendment by striking out the whole, or part of the original paragraph, in

cluding A.; for this is essentially a different proposition from that to strike out A. merely.

QUORUM.

52. In every constitutionally organized body, there must be some number fixed, which are sufficient to do business. This number is called a quorum, and is usually designated in the Constitution under which the body acts. Sometimes a quorum consists of a definite number of members; sometimes of two-thirds of all the members; but usually, as in Congress, of a majority of the members.

53. When a quorum is necessary to do business, in general, the chair should not be taken by the presiding officer till that quorum is present. And whenever, in the progress of business, it is observed that a quorum is not present, any member may call for a count of the House; and a quorum being found wanting, business must be suspended.

54. In primary assemblies of the people, there is, of course, no number requisite to constitute a quorum, and it frequently happens that a very small number of persons act for a large community.

MISCELLANEOUS.

55. The question is first put on the affirmative, and then on the negative side; till which, it is not a full question; but in the cases of small matters, such as receiving reports, petitions, reading papers, etc., the presiding officer may presume consent unless some objection be formally made; which saves the time of taking votes on matters of mere routine.

56. In putting a question the presiding officer declares whether the yeas or nays have it by the sound, if he be himself satisfied; if he be not satisfied, or if any member express dissatisfaction, the body is divided, usually by rising. The ayes first rise, and are counted standing in their places, by the chair or by tellers, as the case may be, then they sit; and the noes ries, and are counted in the same manner.

57. If the result be a tie (unless the chair give the casting vote, or if his vote makes the tie) the motion is lost.

58. A mistake in the announcement of a vote may be rectified after the result is announced.

59. There is precedent that a member may change his vote if it be done before any other business is taken up.

60. Where different numbers are suggested for filling blanks, the highest number, greatest distance, and longest time, are usually voted on first.

61. A rule of order may be suspended by a vote of the meeting, to allow of transacting business which could not otherwise be done.

62. The chair has a right to name any one to act for him, but this substitution does not extend beyond the first adjournment.

States Their settlement, formation as Territories,
admission into the Union, Area, Population in
1860, Suffrage Laws, General Election, &c., &c. 320

Volunteers, No. from each State.

Volunteers, Aggregates reduced to a 3

Volunteers, Bounties paid to...

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