centre of which stands a large Spanish chestnut, covering with its foliage nearly one third of the length of the oval; and on the verge of the same oval there is a large walnut tree. The other, and larger, portion of the lawn is studded with about a dozen fruit trees, consisting of two mulberry trees, two walnut trees, and the remainder with apples and pears. All this is so inconsistent with taste, that the bare mentioning of it is sufficient; and particularly in this case, where there are so many choice things in the shrubberies, that are on the point of being ruined unless removed; and Mr. Brownlee, the gardener, would doubtless be happy could he gain permission to have some of them transferred as embellishments to the lawn, in place of the trees above mentioned. He has already made considerable alterations and improvements in the walks and shrubberies since their original formation, and has more in contemplation, which he hopes he shall have permission to carry into execution. The beauty of this place might also be much heightened by the introduction of vases, and other embellishments, which might be procured at Mr. Austin's manufactory, in the New Road. Mr. Brownlee is zealous in his pursuit after dahlias, and, in proportion to the number he is able to grow, has been very successful, this season, in obtaining prizes at the shows in the neighbourhood.

The grounds at Teddington Grove are larger than those at Park House, and, consequently, capable of greater variety. It is situate on the side of the road, a little distance from the village of Teddington, on the Twickenham side; and from the upper rooms of the house there is a good view of the Thames and Richmond Hill. The kitchen-garden, forcing-houses, and frame ground lie contiguous to the stable-yard, which is always advantageous. A pretty good share of judgment has been here displayed in laying out the walks, shrubberies, and lawn. At the north side of the lawn there is a neat conservatory, fronted by a flower-garden, and partly surrounded by a shrubbery, the beds of which are on the grass at the south end. In the shrubbery, raised on a mound, stands a rustic summer-house, neatly constructed, partly in the Gothic style, from which through a vista is seen the Star and Garter on Richmond Hill. At the front of the summer-house there is another flower-garden on turf; and nearly adjoining, in a kind of recess, stands what has been an ornamental dairy; in front of which is a circular basin, surrounded by rockwork, with a fountain in its centre. In proceeding by the side of a sort of wilderness, a walk leads down to a tunnel, which they call the grotto, and which is constructed under the public road. This forms the approach to a field, round the verge of which a walk, backed up by a shrubbery, leads down to the Thames. On the lawn stands a very fine box tree, forming a complete cone of 27 yards round, and 14 ft. high; and another, which

forms part of the frontage of the shrubbery, measures in front 18 ft. in the line of the shrubbery, and is 16 ft. high. At the south end of the lawn grows a handsome round-headed variegated oak, about 30 ft. high; there are also two good specimens of the red cedar, one of which is about 30 ft. high; and likewise a handsome upright cypress, in full vigour, about 40 ft. high. Here are also some fine-growing plants of the gold and silver variegated holly, but, unfortunately, in situations where they do not appear to advantage. Fine specimens of Magnòlia acuminata and M. tripétala are growing on the lawn, and, in a few years, will make handsome trees. Cércis canadensis grows well here, and there is one handsome specimen about 25 ft. high. In walking through the grounds I was pleased with the formation of the shrubberies, they being so disposed as to relieve each other, as well as the eye of the observer, and thus presenting a continued variety in passing onward through the walks of the place. Mr. Bear, the gardener, in common with his brother gardeners in this neighbourhood, grows some good dahlias; his camellias in the conservatory look extremely well; and he has grown some fine petunias and thunbergias in pots this year, trained to coneshaped trellises, which were introduced at the dahlia show at Teddington, on Sept. 12., with considerable effect.

Mr. Steers of Teddington is considered a good grower of pines his ground, containing about a quarter of an acre, is full of houses and pits; and from these he has ripened 700 fruit this year. His fruiting plants for next year are now (the 1st of October) in a fine healthy growing state. The fruiting-houses, at present empty, are in preparation to receive the plants from the pits, which have been shifted into the fruiting-pots for some time; he, therefore, has nothing to do farther in removing them, than to carry them, and at once to plunge them in the tan-beds, which is done without their being tied up. Mr. Steers occasionally keeps a few of the old stock of the queen pine over year, and on each suffers two suckers to remain, from which, in the following season, he says he cuts fruit of about 23 lb. in weight. The largest queen pine he ever cut weighed 4 lb.; and, if he preserves his plants well through the coming winter, I think there is a probability of his having many nearly, if not quite, equal to that in weight. The compost which he uses appears very simple, being nothing more, apparently, than a light yellow rich loam, somewhat of a calcareous nature, with a small portion of old tan or vegetable mould mixed up with it towards the bottom of the pots. In turning out a few of the plants which had been potted about three weeks, the roots of several had made considerable progress towards covering the outside circle of the ball, and appeared as healthy as possible; the leaves, at the same time, exhibiting a breadth and verdure not often to be seen. Here, as

well as in all the places I have seen in this neighbourhood where pines are grown, the plants are quite free from insects of every description, which may be in a great measure attributed to the suckers and crowns being brought forward in dung heat, the steam of which destroys every thing of the kind. Mr. Steers says that it is of little consequence to him, in getting suckers or crowns from other places, whether they are clean or not; as, by first plunging them in dung heat, he is never after troubled with insects of any kind. His beds were all uniformly, or nearly so, of a milk-warm temperature.

Cambridge House. - On approaching Richmond from Twickenham, this place is situate on the right, near Richmond Bridge, and, of course, on the bank of the Thames. The house stands on a flat park-like lawn, of about sixty acres in extent, on which there are some fine handsome elms. The present proprietor is H. Bevan, Esq., who, since the purchase, a little more than two years ago, has made considerable improvements, among which are a new lodge entrance, and an approach to the house. The kitchen-garden contains about an acre and a half within the walls, in which Mr. Bevan has erected two good ranges of forcing-houses and four ranges of pits. One of the ranges, nearly 100 ft. in length, is divided into three compartments, which are appropriated for an early and late peach-house, and a grapery. The trellis under the glass for the early peach-house is continued up straight for nearly two thirds the length of the lights; and that for the late peach-house forms a complete quarter of a circle from the front; thus letting in a larger portion of sun and light to the trees at the back. The other range, for pineries, about 70 ft. long, is also divided into three, which appear admirably constructed for fruiting-houses. The four ranges of pits are in front of each other, and each about 40 ft. in length, and of different widths. The widest one, at the back, is for pines; and the others for melons, cucumbers, &c. All these pits are heated with dung linings, which are well covered all round with sloping shutters. The whole of these houses and pits are constructed in the most substantial manner, and, apparently, without regard to expense; much to the credit both of the proprietor, and of the person who gave the designs. All the houses are heated with hot water, which Mr. Wilson, the gardener, approves of beyond any other system of heating. Mr. Wilson practises largely the drilling system with his garden crops; which, while it gives a neatness in appearance, is highly advantageous for thinning and cleaning. On the side of the approach from the kitchen-garden towards the house, a lofty span-roofed orangery has been erected: its dimensions are 50 ft. long, by 25 ft. wide. The roof is hipped, or sloped back, at the ends; and half the roof at the back is of glass, and half

of slate.

The house is warmed with hot water; but, on account of its loftiness, and of the quantity of glass used in its construction, the frost must be with difficulty kept out in severe weather. Attached to the mansion stands a conservatory, or green-house, which is constructed in a superior style when compared with the orangery. It is about 40 ft. long, with a span roof of glass, heightened at the top, by the upper range of lights on each side being raised on an upright range of glass constructed upon the extremity of the lower range, and supported by elliptical and ornamental iron brackets, which give a good relief, and particularly when they are clothed with creepers. This house has a stage in the centre, and is well furnished with plants; while, by the assistance of several ornamental devices, and a large vase containing gold- fishes, it is rendered attractive, and forms a handsome appendage to the drawingroom.

The principal point of attraction from the grounds is the bank on the opposite side of the Thames, which, rising suddenly, forms Richmond Hill; the slope of which, interspersed as it is with villas, and covered with trees and shrubs of various kinds, presents to the eye one of the most charming views conceivable for so contracted a prospect.

On driving through Petersham, I was invited in to see a small place, the residence of R. Thorley, Esq., where I was pleasingly struck with a small orange grove, consisting of about fifty or more trees, neatly arranged in four rows; the highest of them being about 8 ft. Very many of these trees were loaded with fruit, and all of them in a good healthy state: some of them are of the blood-red, and others of different kinds of sweet oranges, the fruit from which are sent to the table. Mr. Jones, the gardener, may be reckoned a complete dahlia florist; and as such he has a regular, though small, dahlia ground of sixteen yards long by eleven yards wide, which is fancifully laid out in borders and walks with box edgings. He has gained several prizes this year. He has to struggle against a sandy soil for his peach border, but which he manages admirably, so as, in general, to have a full crop every year. In order to secure the bloom in the spring, he has a length of bunting for the whole of the wall, which is drawn up and let down at pleasure. The roots of his trees run under the gravel walk, which is parallel with the wall, leaving only about 5 ft. of border, on which scarcely anything is suffered to grow. This small portion of border is kept well mulched every summer, I think he said with cow-dung, which is afterwards pricked in with the fork. In dry summers, almost daily watering is resorted to, as otherwise the fruit would drop before it arrived at maturity. Mr. Jones is not particular about handsome training, but labours chiefly to have his wall filled; in which he succeeds extremely well; and, at the present time, little

Here

of it is to be seen but what is well furnished with wood. are a plant-house and grapery ; and, adjoining the latter, there is what is called the ball-room, but which is at present used for wintering the orange trees, for which it is very well adapted. This little place is the picture of neatness during the summer, and is particularly gay with flowers, especially along a line of border, which separates the peach wall from the view of the (To be continued.)

house.

ART. II. On the Discrepancy of Terrestrial and Atmospheric Temperature, with regard to the Cultivation of Exotics, more particularly the Vine; and on the proper Application of Water, so as to render it a beneficial Agent in elevating the Temperature of the Soil. By N.

MOST of the objects of British horticulture being natives of warmer climates than that to which they are transferred, it becomes an important study to afford them, by artificial means, a climate as nearly as possible approaching to that of their respective habitats. Hence many are placed so as to receive additional warmth, from the accumulation of solar heat, against walls, or some other intercepting medium; and this accumulation will be found to be in proportion to the privation of heat, which the medium, whatever it may be, occasions to the space or objects on the opposite side. We can to a certain extent, divert the elements from one object to another; but, although we can do this to a great extent, we cannot unlimitedly: and better it is that such is the case, otherwise the surface of the earth, from the monopolisation of light, for instance, in some places, would have been rendered a chequer of light and dark

ness.

If, instead of a wall of opaque materials, a plane of perfectly translucent glass could be raised, no privation of heat would be the consequence as regards the north side; and, according to what is above stated, no accumulation towards the south would take place. The transparency of this plane, so beneficial under other circumstances, would, in this case, be totally unavailing in the acceleration of vegetation. Glass, highly transparent, when properly situated, has the property of transmitting nearly the whole of the solar rays to the interior of a house; and their heat, by diffusion, raises the interior atmosphere of the dwelling. This diffusion is, however, not unlimited; for the intensity of communicated heat must bear a relation to the proportion of the volume of air to that of the surface of glass; and will tend to diminish inversely as the former is increased in proportion to the latter. Most gardeners will agree that very wide houses