were of foreign parentage of the labors meant artisans and unskilled laborers. rammes the least sensibility to pain by poral muscle, and in kilogrammes the grasp of hand. 390 of practical importance. have to act upon informat tested for color blindness, ably be submitted to a f activities which are especi of duty. All this, however, is lar inary work must be done 1 be of any great worth. 1 investigation where the commensurate wit! and evaluation of of Individual Psy method of proce productive of fru and applying the individuals with differences in the To this should t the results from s of individuals at in order to discov much of the vari physical conditic has been followed activities, then th for the purpose o In fine, we cor that individual psychical the complex rather than in the and that the test method is the been proposed for investigatin of the German psychologists, processes are those to which clue to all the psychical diffe we believe would be prod comparatively unimportan metrical tests so largely field of psychology will traits with those of a suggested by some pr must be left for the fu yet at hand, and (a H234 ΙΟ First born-Girls. Nearest Ages. No. of Persons. Right Temple. Averages. ΙΟ 29 2167 2193 II 21 2136 2133 12 36 1956 1815 13 29 2174 2140 14 24 1973 1985 15 23 2203 1963 16 24 2369 2169 17 18 2344 2386 18 7 2236 2086 19 4 2825 3125 10-19 215 2163 2096 PAIN AND STRENGTH MEASUREMENTS OF 1,507 By ADA CARMAN, Washington, D. C. These measurements of least sensibility to pain, together with those of greatest strength, were made on 1,507 public school children in Saginaw, Michigan, through the permission and courtesy of Mr. A. S. Whitney, school Superintendent. The instruments used in these experiments were a temple algometer and a hand dynamometer. The temple algometer was designed by Arthur MacDonald, specialist in the U. S. Bureau of Education, and consists of a brass cylinder, with a steel rod running through one of the ends of the cylinder. This rod is attached to a spring and the cylinder is provided with scale and marker. The scale is graduated from 0 to 4,000 grammes. A brass disk 15 millimeters in diameter, at the end of the rod, is covered with flannel, so as to exclude the feeling of the metal when pressed against the skin.1 The disk is pressed against the temporal muscle, and as soon as the subject reports the pressure to be in the least disagreeable the amount is read from the scale. The purpose is to approximate as near as possible to the threshold of pain. The Collin dynamometer was used. Before the experiments were made the pupil answered the following questions in writing: Name, Order of birth, 1st, 2d, or later born, Color of hair, Color of eyes, Right or left handed, Nationality of father and mother, Education of father and mother, Occupation of father and mother, At least When the pupil could not answer any of the questions he was helped by his teacher or by the experimenter. twenty-five per cent. did not know the color of their hair, and at least fifty per cent. did not know the color of their eyes. 1 Described and illustrated in the Psychological Review, July, 1898. 7 INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY. 391 workers have formulated no explicit theory of Individual Psychology. The method here outlined should (and may), however, be rendered more exact by modifications in accordance with the procedure of the German investigators of Individual Psychology. A combination of the principal characteristics of the two methods is, then, it seems to us, best calculated for the attainment of satisfactory results. 1 |