him, or applied to public ufes, without his confent, or that of his legal representatives : nor can any man who is confcientiously fcrupulous of bearing arms, be juftly compelled thereto, if he will pay fuch equivalent: nor are the people bound by any laws, but fuch as they have in like manner affented to, for their common good.

IX. That in all profecutions for criminal of fences, a man hath a right to be heard by himself and his counfel, to demand the caufe and nature of his accufation, to be confronted with the witnesses, to call for evidence in his favour, and a speedy public trial, by an impartial jury of the country, without the unanimous confent of which jury he cannot be found guilty: nor can he be compelled to give evidence against himself nor can any man be justly deprived of his liberty except by the laws of the land, or the judgment of his peers.

X. That the people have a right to hold themselves, their houses, papers, and poffeffions free from fearch or feizure; and therefore warrants without oaths or affirmations first made, affording a fufficient foundation for them, and whereby any officer or meffenger may be commanded or required to search suspected places,

or

or to feize any perfon or perfons, his or their property, not particularly defcribed, are contrary to that right, and ought not to be granted.

XI. That in controverfies refpecting property, and in fuits between man and man, the parties have a right to trial by jury, which ought to be held facred.

XII. That the people have a right to freedom of speech, and of writing and publishing their fentiments; therefore the freedom of the press ought not to be restrained.

XIII. That the people have a right to bear arms for the defence of themselves and the State; and as standing armies in the time of peace are dangerous to liberty, they ought not to be kept up and that the military fhould be kept under ftrict fubordination to, and governed by, the civil power.

XIV, That a frequent recurrence to fundamental principles, and a firm adherence to jus tice, moderation, temperance, industry and frugality, are abfolutely neceffary to preserve the bleflings of liberty, and keep a government free: the people ought therefore to pay particular attention to these points in the choice of Officers and Reprefentatives, and have a

right to exact a due and conftant regard to them, from their legiflators and magistrates, in the making and executing fuch laws as are neceffary for the good government of the State.

XV. That all men have a natural inherent right to emigrate from one State to another that will receive them, or to form a new State in vacant countries, or in fuch countries as they can purchase, whenever they think that thereby they may promote their own happiness.

XVI. That the people have a right to as semble together, to confult for their common good, to inftruct their Representatives, and to apply to the legiflature for redress of grieyances, by address, petition, or remonftrance.

FRAME OF GOVERNMENT.

I. THE Commonwealth or State of Pennsylvania shall be governed hereafter by an

Affembly

Affembly of the Representatives of the freemen of the fame, and a Prefident and Council, in manner and form following:

II. The fupreme legislative power shall be vested in a Houfe of Reprefentatives of the freemen of the Commonwealth or State of Pennsylvania.

III. The fupreme executive power fhall be vefted in a Prefident and Council.

IV. Courts of justice shall be established in the city of Philadelphia, and in every county

of this State.

V. The freemen of this Commonwealth and their fons fhall be trained and armed for its defence, under fuch regulations, restrictions, and exceptions as the General Affembly fhall by law direct, preferving always to the people the right of choofing their Colonel, and all commiffioned officers under that rank, in such manner and as often as by the faid laws fhall be directed.

VI. Every freeman of the full age of twenty-one years, having refided in this State for the space of one whole year next before the day of election for Representatives, and paid public taxes during that time, fhall enjoy the right

of

of an elector: provided always, that fons of freeholders of the age of twenty-one years shall be intitled to vote, although they have not paid taxes.

VII. The House of Reprefentatives of the freemen of this Commonwealth fhall confift of perfons most noted for wisdom and virtue, to be chofen by the freemen of every city and county of this Commonwealth respectively. And no perfon fhall be elected unless he has refided in the city or county for which he shall be chofen, two years immediately before the faid election ; nor fhall any Member, while he continues fuch, hold any other office, except in the militia.

VIII. No perfon fhall be capable of being elected a Member to ferve in the House of Reprefentatives of the freemen of this Commonwealth more than four years in feven.

IX. The Members of the House of Reprefentatives fhall be chofen annually by ballot, by the freemen of the Commonwealth, on the fecond Tuesday in October for ever, (except this prefent year) and fhall meet on the fourth Monday of the fame month, and shall bestiled, THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FREEMEN OF PENNSYLVANIA, and shall +

Let your British House of Conormous

read this & Blush for.

Amave!!