where its central mouths disembogue. From the Lagos River inclusive, to the Rio de Gaboon, a distance of about six hundred miles, twenty rivers (independent of numerous creeks or inlets, perhaps arms of the others) of surprising magnitude, open into the deep. These at their mouths are from ten to twenty miles in breadth, of rapid currents and of great depth. The Rio Lagos, the Rio de Formosa, Bonny River, Old Calabar River, New Calabar River, Cross River, Cameroon's River, Malemba River, and the Rio de Gaboon, are all of them streams of this surprising magnitude. A branch of the Rio de Formosa has been navigated ninety miles from the sea by large vessels, and there found two miles broad. The Lagos River, at a considerable distance from the ocean, is so broad, that in the middle of the stream, the banks, crowned with lofty trees, cannot be seen. It flows from the northward, and from that to north east all the others come. The land around their mouths is all alluvial. At Benin it is level, and stones are unknown. The whole coast in the distance we have mentioned is mud. These rivers, according to all accounts, communicate with each other, by branches at a distance from the sea. Amongst these is the outlet of the Niger, if the whole are not found to be outlets belonging to that mighty stream. The natives round the Rio de Gaboon maintain, that all the rivers in that part of the world flow from the Wola, a mighty stream, described by them as coming from the northward and eastward, the direction in which the Niger must flow. The length of the parent stream of the Niger, even at this outlet, must be near three thousand miles. Bearing along all the waters of Central Africa, from the sources of the Senegal to the sources of the Nile, and on the north east, from the kingdom of Bernow; the Niger must be swelled to a magnitude inferior only to the Maranow. Accordingly, we find, from tolerably good information, that this is the case. At the ferry, in the direct road from Ashantee to Bernow, about five hundred or six hundred miles below Tombuctoo, and before it is joined by any of the mighty branches from the eastward, it is represented as extremely rapid, and about five miles broad. At Wassanah, where it turns to the south, the breadth is so great, that the shore cannot be seen from the opposite bank. Such a river cannot sink in the sands, even were such to be found in that quarter, which all recent accounts lead us to disbelieve. The navigation of the Niger must lay open the whole of Central Africa, by far the most interesting part of the southern portions of that vast continent. It is surprising that while expedition after expedition is sent from the west and the north, to travel three thousand miles through countries barbarous and rude-barren deserts, and barbarians hostile to the Christian name, that no attempt has been made to penetrate into the interior of Africa or the Niger, by means of these rivers we have mentioned-from whose outlets to the termination of the Niger (if it terminates, as has long been supposed, in a lake) the distance cannot exceed three hundred miles, and through countries in every respect easier and safer to travel in than by any of the hitherto attempted routes. This is the more extraordinary, as numerous European ships frequent these rivers. Since the abolition of the slave trade by this country, several ships from Liverpool seek these rivers for the purpose of honest commerce. A small reward to any of them would soon explore the Niger, and without any loss of time to them, because to arrange for and procure a cargo in Africa takes a considerable time, during which they might sail up these rivers and trace out the parent stream, from whence we firmly believe most if not all of them flow. Such an expedition, we are confident, would, in a few weeks, lay open the whole interior of Africa-develope the greatest field of geographical knowledge, which has hitherto remained hidden on the face of this globe-confer immortal honour on the name of Britain-render the greatest service to Africa ever conferred upon her by the hand of man-and, by degrees, open up a field for our commerce, of an extent at present incalculably great. Course of Exchange, Oct. 1.Amsterdam, 12: 2:2 U. Antwerp, 12:5. Ex. Hamburgh, 36:9: 24 U. Frankfort, 153 Ex. Paris, 25:85: 2 U. Bourdeaux, 25: 85 Madrid, 35 effect. Cadiz, 36 effect. Gibraltar, 30. Leghorn, 471. Genoa, 43. Malta 46. Naples, 381. Palermo, 116, 50 per oz. Oporto, 534. Rio Janeiro, 574. Dublin, 12. Cork, 124. Prices of Gold and Silver, per oz.-Portugal gold, in coin, £0: 0: 0. in bars, £3: 17: 104. New doubloons, £3: 13: 6. New dollars, 5s. Od. 56. 2d. Foreign gold, PRICES CURRENT.-October 2.-London, October 1, 1819. GLASGOW. (LIVERPOOL LONDON. DUTIES. SUGAR, Musc. LEITH. Mid, good, and fine mid. B. P. Dry Brown, . cwt. 60 to 65 76 85 63 Fine and very fine, 70 68 74 60 72 82 Refined Doub. Loaves, Powder ditto, Single ditto, Small Lumps Large ditto, Crushed Lumps, MOLASSES, British, cwt. 32 COFFEE, Jamaica. cwt. 0764 Ord. good, and fine ord. Mid. good, and fine mid. 112 122 110 120 110 Dutch, Triage and very ord. 85 Ord. good, and fine ord. Mid, good, and fine mid. 117 St Domingo, 95 PIMENTO (in Bond) SPIRITS, Jam. Rum, 160. P. gall. 3s 10d 4s Od 3s 3d Brandy, 5 0 5 (B.S.)113 18 0 F.S.148 4 6 95 11 0 per lb. 7077 7 10 7 15 6 10 8 10 9 8696 1 2 1 2 13 B.S. 68 0 F.S. 0 6 0 6 5 615 6 15 7 0 96 13 0 99 16 6 09 14 0 6 15 7 5 8 0 8 10 10 0 10 10 8 0 8 9 £18 0 (B.S.)? 46 44 O 45 0F.S. 7 6412 3 16 0 8 14 03 0 9 14 0 10 72 0 70 B.S. 80 F.S. cwt. BRISTLES, B.S. F.S. B.S. F.S. 4 0 0 7% 3 9 4 111 0362 0311 4 63 06 1 7 10 B.S. 1 7 1 6 1 3375 1 1 1 1 7588 F.S. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ENGLISH BANKRUPTCIES, announced between the 23d of August, and the 23d of Sept. 1819, extracted from the London Gazette. Andrews, J. Manchester, dealer Ashley, W. Cheshire, worsted manufacturer Ashton, Higginson & Ward, Agecroft, printers Barnett, J. Plymouth, watch-maker Batterham, W. Bermondsey, fell-monger Bott, G. Birmingham, draper, Bowden, G. Derby, manufacturer Braddock, R. Portwood, cotton-spinner Brain, B. Britton, dealer Broadhurst, W. Macclesfield currier Brown, W. Leadenhall-market, fishmonger Campbell, W. H. Wood-street, porter-merchant Carwood, R. Armley, clothier Coates, J. Worcester, draper Cockell, J. Widcombe, carpenter Crabb, E. Bockington, clothier Davis, J. Trowbridge, mason Deeks & Harper, Norwich, dyers Dixon, W. Coleshurst, calico-printer Emmett, W. London, oil-merchant Findlay, R. & G. H. Old Broad-strect, silk-manufacturers Fisher, S. Winchcombe, mercer Harrison, W. Yeldersley, dealer Hart, A. Alie-street, navy agent Holland, P. Blyth, ship-builder Jowett, J. Huyton, farmer Kil-haw, jun. J. Leeds, tallow-chandler Laing, G. London, merchant Langston, E. Manchester, cotton-merchant Manifold, Ann & J. Liverpool, tanners Marsdon, E. Bolton-le-Moors, cabinet-maker Marsh, J. Sidmouth, bookseller Mendes, jun. T. Mile end, cabinet-maker Milnes, J. Saddleworth, woollen-manufacturer Minchin, Carter. & A. Kelly, jun. Portsmouth, bankers Neville, S. Leeds, flour-seller Parnell, E. Congleton, milliner Perkins & Armstrong, Derby, cotton-spinners Preece, J. Peterborough-court, gold-beater Roddamn, H. R. North Shields, victualler Sargent, T. Milbank, timber and stone-merchant Saverly, H. Bristol, sugar-refiner Sims, L. Bunhill-row, stationer Sleddon, W. Stockport, machine-maker Stoneley, L. Salford, victualler Storkey, J. Bristol, cheese-factor Taylor, J. Birmingham, wharfinger Trokes, M. Liverpool, merchant Unsworth, W. Liverpool, flour-dealer Hawkins, R. Little Bowden, horse-dealer Haynes, W. Lowestoff, fish-merchant Walker, G. L. Leeds, worsted-spinner Watson, H. Bolton-le-Moors, druggist Webster and Tates, Bolton-le-Moors, ironmongers ALPHABETICAL LIST of SCOTCH BANKRUPTCIES, announced between 1st and 30th Sept. 1819, extracted from the Edinburgh Gazette. Blyth and Lesslie, hatters in Edinburgh, both as a company and as individuals Brown, Alexander, and Co. merchants or manufacturers in Arbroath, and Alexander Brown and John Airth, partners thereof, as individuals Black and Isaac, manufacturers in Glasgow, and Alexander Black an individual of that concern Caw, James, formerly merchant in Perth, now residing at Benchill, in the county of Perth Cowan, Thomas, junior, brewer and corn-dealer, Newburgh, Fife Ferguson, James, manufacturer in Glasgow Graham, Robert, merchant and manufacturer in Glasgow Hart, John, grocer and spirit-dealer, Kelvyn Dock, near Glasgow Hamilton, John, haberdasher in Dumbarton Jaffery, James, meal and grain-dealers, in Airdrie Jaffery, Robert, baker and grain-merchant in Airdrie Kelman, Alexander, brewer and baker in Aberdeen Lawson, John, clothier, Glasgow M'Knight, Samuel, jun. corn-merchant, shipowner, and general merchant, Kirkcudbright M'Donald, Robert, and Son, clothiers in Glasgow, and Robert M'Donald, partner of said concern, as an individual Maitland, John, flesher and cattle-dealer in Ayr James Muirhead, mason and builder in Glasgow M'Symon, John, jun. baker and grain-dealer in Dumbarton Nisbet, James, merchant, Aberdeen Smith, William, innkeeper in Hamilton Smith and Blackburn, cotton-yarn merchants and agents in Glasgow, as a company and as individuals Tait, Messrs. James, jun. and company, merchants in Glasgow. Wilson, John and Son, wire-workers, Glasgow DIVIDENDS. Anderson, Andrew, merchant in Greenock; by the trustee, No 43 Virginia Street, Glasgow; a dividend on the 29th October Bathgate, John, late skinner at Bell's Mills; by Thomas Miller, 21, North Bridge Street, Edinburgh, till 11th October; a dividend. Creditors to meet in the Royal Exchange Coffechouse there, 12th October, at 1 Clark, Malcolm, bricklayer in Glasgow; by William M'Creadie, brickmaker there, till 3d November; a dividend Eddie, Thomas, and Co. merchants, Forres; by John Cumming, agent for the British Linen Company at Forres, till 17th October; a dividend. Hunters, Raincy, and Morton, merchants in Glasgow; by the trustee, Post Office Buildings there; Es. White, new 58 to 63 Tick 30 to 0 Foreign 0 Scotch 9 0 to 10 0 Flour, Eng. 59 0 to 61 0 9 10 74 Feed Oats 1 to 01 Fine. Poland do. Fine ... 32 to 31 Potato do... 27 to ... 65 Fine 74 to 78 Flour, p. sack 0 Foreign 16 to 18 Malt p.9gls. 9 to 10 Oats, per 45 11. 0 to 10 6 Irishp.240lb. 50 0 to 51 0 21 Weimar.. 10 0 to 10 6 Ameri. p. bl. 38 0 to 40 0 22 to 24 American. 8 6 to 9 3-Sour do.. 31 0 to 33 0 24 to 26 Quebec... 9 0 to 9 3 Clover-seed, p. bush. 27 to 29 Barley, per 60 lbs. -White 29 English,grind.4 0 to 4 6- Red 50 to 5 3 Oatmeal, per 240 lb. 4 2 to 4 4 Scotch ... 28 0 to 30 0 English 3 4 to 3 6 Newry 8. Must. Brown, 14 to 0 Linseed, crush. 56 to 65 .... 10 to 16 New, for Seed to 0 Coriander .. 80 to 0 Trefoil · New Rapeseed, £38 to £ 36 to 105 to - Average Prices of Corn in England and Wales, from the Returns received in the Week ended 25th Sept. 1819. Wheat, 69% 1d-Rye, 44s. Od.-Barley, 38s. 11d.-Oats, 26s. 7d.-Beans, 40s. 2d.-Pease, 48s. 11d.Beer or Big, 0s. Od.-Oatmeal, 278. 10d. Average Prices of British Corn in Scotland, by the Quarter of Eight Winchester Bushels, and Oatmeal, per Boll of 128 lbs. Scots Troy, or 140 lbs. Avoirdupois, of the Four Weeks immediately preceding the 15th Sept. 1819. Wheat, 65s. 10d.-Rye, 15s. 2d.-Barley, 3.5s. 1d.-Oats, 26s. Od.-Beans, 41s. 4d.-Pease, 42d. 2d. Beer or Big, 32s. 5d.-Oatmeal, 20s. 3d. Scotch pota. 3 4 to 3 6 Waterford, new 92 to 0 3 4 to 3 6 Cork, 3d 84 to 86 5 to 3 6 Pickled, 3 85 to 95 55 to 63 90 to 98 . 64 to 66 40 0 to 42 Pease, per quar. 0 to 0 METEOROLOGICAL REPORT. A CONSIDERABLE reduction of temperature took place at the commencement of September, with a brisk wind from the west, which continued during the first week, the range of the Thermometer being generally from 50 to 60. A heavy shower on the 7th was followed by an increase of temperature; and on the 9th the Thermometer rose to 67. On the evening of the same day it blew a violent gale from the west, accompanied with rain and a rising barometer. From that period till the end of the month, the mean temperature of the day was very variable, ranging between 62 and 46. On the 30th, the Thermometer at 10 A. M. stood at 51 with an east wind and rain. At 10 P. M. the wind blew from the west, and the Thermometer rose to 61. The mean of the whole month is 1.2° higher than that of September 1818, and the mean of the extremes, contrary to what usually happens, is two-tenths of a degree lower than the mean of ten morning and evening. It is a singular coincidence, that, in September last year, the difference was one-tenth of a degree, and on the same side. The mean daily range of the Thermometer is also the same, and coincides nearly with that of the whole year. From the 1st to the 12th, the Barometer, with two exceptions, continued to rise both during the day and night; between the 12th and 17th, it was depressed, after which it rose again, and reached its greatest elevation on the 21st. During the next five days it sunk; and after the 26th it was elevated during the day, and depressed during the night. The mean of Leslie's Hygrometer is one degree and a half, and the mean point of deposition one degree higher than September last year; but if the difference of temperature be taken into the account, the relative humidity will be found to be the same. The difference of temperature will also account for the evaporation being somewhat greater. The quantity of rain is little more than the half of what fell in September last year. On the whole, the month of September may be considered as unusually warm and dry, being superior in both respects to the corresponding month of any year since 1814. METEOROLOGICAL TABLE, extracted from the Register kept on the Banks of the Tay, four miles east from Perth, Latitude 56° 25′, Elevation 185 feet. Lowest ditto, 16th 34.0 46.6 ...... both, 46.8 Relat. Humid. 10 A.M. 75.9 82.9 both, 79.1 ................ Grs. mois, in 100 cub. in air, 10 A.M. .224 .10 P.M. .224 ................................... Relat. Hum. Highest, 10 A.M. 30th 98.0 Fair days, 22; rainy days, 8. Wind west of meridian, 22; east of meridian, 8. .328 16th .137 .320 |
