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great authority." (Rev. xiii. 2.) Such will be the end of the boasted liberty of human thought. Just in proportion as men throw off from themselves the restraint of God and of His truth, they become abject servants and slaves of Satan. Whilst imagining themselves to be free, they blindly seek after, serve, and worship, whatever Satan proposes to them.

PROGRESS MADE IN TWENTY-FIVE YEARS. The progress that has been made during the last twenty-five years (from 1848 to 1873) in bringing into closer association with each other most of the countries of the Roman world, and in separating (either legislatively or completely) from the Roman kingdoms countries that do not fall within the Roman boundary, has been very marked. The Crimean War in 1854-5 brought the eastern part of the Roman world into a much closer association than before with the western Roman nations; and the union then formed does not seem likely to be even temporarily interrupted. Community of interest, especially in a day like the present, is a bond of wondrous tenacity and strength. The Crimean War, too, recovered the greater part of Bessarabia (for Bessarabia belongs to the Roman world) from the grasp of Russia.

yet the latter triumphs. The supremacy of ecclesiastical power must finally give way to the sceptre of the secular monarch. The struggle may be prolonged and prove most disastrous in its consequences, but THE ISSUE IS NOT DOUBTtful.

There has been, it is true, one most important event that has seemed to stay or turn back the tide of progress, as respects the territorial development of the Ten Kingdoms. The Franco-German War, instead of giving back to France those portions of Roman territory which Prussia had formerly annexed (viz., Rhenish Prussia, west of the Rhine), ended, in 1871, in giving more to Prussia, so that Prussia's position on the west bank of the Rhine, instead of being weakened, has been materially strengthened. This may seem to be a retrograde movement; and in one respect it is: but, in another and more important point of view, it is not. The Franco-German War will be found in result to have accelerated rather than retarded the expected development.

For many years past, France (though, in some cases, as in her war with Austria, her plans have been marvellously overruled) has been the great obstructor to the development of the Ten Kingdoms. Hungary, the centre of which does not fall within France and the Papacy have been confederates in the Roman boundary, has been legislatively separated obstruction. France had for her darling object prefrom Austria, and further changes are imminent eminence among the nations of Europe. Despising there, as well as in all those non-Roman countries equality, she coveted leadership. Professedly the which Austria has vainly endeavoured to fuse into patroness of liberty, she was, nevertheless, quite political identity with herself. The seemingly in-willing to keep on the neck of other countries (such as dissoluble bond which kept Austria in close political association with Prussia and the other non-Roman states of northern Germany, was severed so suddenly and unexpectedly as to electrify Europe. The work of centuries was destroyed in a moment. Yet men needed not to have so marvelled. It was a necessary event; for the Roman nations, being appointed to be the centre of the world's greatness during the closing period of its evil history, must move in a separate circle, and have a peculiar history of their own.

Ireland (which is non-Roman) feverishly restless and, by England, victimised to priestcraft, is yearly weakening the ties by which she has been linked to England. Italy, which, twenty years ago, seemed more distant than ever from attaining the objects of her long-cherished hopes (the acquisition of Rome as her capital) has at last succeeded. Rome is hers, and constitutional or democratic monarchy is established both in Italy and Austria. Austria, once the great pillar of the Papacy, and the enemy and tramplerdown of Italy, has changed her course, and become Italy's friend. The temporal sovereignty of the Papacy over the City of, Rome ceased in 1870: and although the canon law is still throughout Western Europe, struggling with the civil law for supremacy,

Rome and Spain) the most cruel and oppressive yokes, if her own pre-eminence was aided thereby. Accordingly, France schemed for a Latin League, of which she was to be the head, and which was in Western Europe to extirpate "the clay," and to return to "the iron " alone. What was "Cæsarism" but this? Imperialism was to sustain Ecclesiasticism, and before this two-fold power the modern " clay-iron" governmental theories were to perish.

Accordingly, Italy and other neighbouring States were kept down by France, and their native energies crippled. Italy was to be terrified by threats, and Spain debased and enfeebled by priestcraft. Even the development of the East was by France impeded unless the development accorded with her desires. If Egypt advanced, it must be under the tutelage of France, and Tunis was to be a French appanage. A plot, formed by the Imperial Government in France and the Papal Government in Rome, against the liberties of Western Europe and against Protestantism, was doubtless, as evidence goes to show, THE IMMEDIATE CAUSE OF THE WAR WITH PRUSSIA. Soldiers supplied by France and legions of priests supplied and controlled from Rome, were to inaugurate and sustain the new regime.

It was a dark and deadly plot, but God mercifully interposed and frustrated it. God fought against France, and in one moment dashed to the ground her atrocious schemes. Instantly the secular power of the Papacy fell; Italy, for the first time, became really free, and the iron hand of France was removed (in all probability, finally) from her and from other nations. The establishment of the freedom of Italy, the confirmation of the severance between Austria and Northern Germany, the fall of the temporal power of the Papacy, the determination evinced in Italy and elsewhere to secure the supremacy of the civil over the canon law, are, as respects the progress of the Ten Kingdoms, events of far greater moment than the temporary annexation to Germany of a few provinces of France. It may be that France may not regain her lost territory until the development of the Ten Kingdoms in federal union; or they may be regained previously, either by convention or by the sword. The present monarch of Prussia and Germany fears and honours God, and God has prospered him; but his subjects, previously leavened with infidelity and radicalism, have, since their contact with France, received much added moral poison, which is pregnant with calamitous results.

THE FUTURE OF GERMANY.

save an empty title which, at a comparatively recent period, our monarchs were wise enough to resign.

We must not forget that God has not ceased to be the Governor of the universe. Although, for the most part, He hides the operations of His hand, and often permits men to pursue their godless schemes successfully, and allows them to defy His power and to spurn His wisdom and love, yet He, nevertheless, does sometimes intervene to check the course of triumphant evil, to award punishment where punishment is due, and thus to make it manifest, by some marked and terribly startling intervention of His hand, that He only is supreme, and that He is a God by whom actions are weighed."

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THE DARING INFIDELITY OF FRANCE. Is there any nation upon the earth which, since the period of the Reformation, has more daringly outraged and defied God than France? Inconstant in other things, she has been constant in her rejection of God. At the time of the Reformation she was favoured with much Protestant light. Many a herald of mercy was sent to her, and Calvin, one of the chief pillars of the Reformation, was raised up from amongst her own people. The history of France differs from that of Spain as to this. Spain was not to the same extent favoured with light. Spain never had a Calvin. But the trumpet of truth was loudly sounded in the ears of France, and marked results followed-results that gave to France prolonged opportunities of judging between light and darkness, God and Baal. Deliberately she rejected the omnipotent God, and chose Baal.

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The horizon of Germany is not devoid of clouds of dark and threatening aspect. The storm may be comparatively distant; but if it come, it will probably come with a violence and fury as yet unparalleled. (See Heine's "Anticipations Respecting the Future of Germany.") An explosion there would strike Europe more terribly than any that has occurred in France; Was there ever a night in the annals of Christendom for there is a strength and vigour and manhood in more marked with malignant, demoniacal atrocity, Germany that the childishness and fickleness and than the night of the twenty-fourth of August, quickly cowed spirit of France knows not. But it is 1572? That was one of the answers of France to the sufficient to say that the moral changes that are in mercy of God in sending her that light which, on progress through the late victories of Prussia, are of the night of the Massacre of St. Bartholomew, she infinitely greater moment than the temporary loss quenched in blood. Another answer was given by of provinces by France. It should be remembered, her when she revoked the Edict of Nantes, by which too, that territorial changes are not, like moral protection had been granted to Protestantism, and so changes, necessarily slow. They may be accomplished drove it from her borders. That deed, though less in a day. England once possessed far more of ostensibly atrocious than the slaughter of the night France than Prussia now holds; and she held it, of St. Bartholomew, brought sufferings no less deadly apparently, on a far more secure tenure: for in result on many a fugitive martyr who refused to Normandy and other circumstances had brought exchange the Bible for tradition. So Truth was England into relations to France far closer than trampled down, and Priestcraft enthroned. Germany has ever held. Yet, in a moment, the It reigned in France until the great Revolution of energy of a fanatical peasant-girl (Joan D'Arc, of 1789, when outraged human nature, disgusted by its Orleans) scattered the armies of England, and restored whole provinces to France, and took from England well-nigh every token of her dominion there,

*[Soon after the death of King Henry V. of England, and while Henry VI. a minor was reigning, between 1420 and 1430, Joan D'Arc, at the head of the French armies, drove the English out of Orleans, Rheims, and nearly all France.-EDITOR.]

falsehoods, sickened by its moral depravity, and terrified by its cruelties, made, at the end of the last century, a spasmodic effort, and suddenly burst the hateful and intolerable yoke. The licentiousness which had reigned in the Tuileries, and the savage cruelties of which the Bastille was the exponent

(both being the results of a priest-directed despotism) Rome hated Protestantism, and Rome was again received just retribution, and fell before an outbreak potent in France, and on Rome the enfeebled of revolutionary fury, the like to which civilised Government of France leaned. Before the military Europe had never before beheld. Blood compen- strength of France, aided by the well-trained priestly sated for blood shackles were struck off, and hosts that had been located in Germany, it was liberty was gained. But it was not holy liberty; it hoped that Prussia, and with her western Protes was not liberty that sought to be directed by truth. tantism, would fall. But God had other thoughts. It was the liberty of unsanctified, unregenerate The blow which France intended for others was hearts, that, wearied and disgusted with sacerdotal caused to fall upon herself, and Protestantism— fictions, had steeled themselves into infidelity and unworthy, worldly, slumbering Protestantism, though believed nothing. The wit and sarcasm of Voltaire, for her sins she well deserved to be smitten to the seeing that it amused and promised liberty of thought dust-received unmerited protection from the long and action, were far more grateful than the mumbled suffering mercy of God. It is a lesson given from falsehoods of the priest that had so long enthralled Heaven. Has France yet learned from it? them; and they cared not to distinguish between

TRUE CHRISTIANITY AND ITS COUNTERFEITS. Thus, Satan being chosen, not God, a reign of godless blaspheming infidelity followed the reign of Priestcraft. The name of God was openly rejected; His Holy Word avowedly renounced; Liberty was found to be license; and Fraternity soon proved itself to be such fraternity as exists between the tiger and his prey. France clothed herself in garments that reeked with the blood of her own citizens. During the Republican Reign of Terror, during 1792-6, treachery lurked in every dwelling. Such was the retribution from Heaven, which often appoints that evil should punish evil. And when France ceased from civil strife, it was only that she might spread woe and desolation over Europe by devastating wars from 1796 to 1815. The heart of Germany still thrills at the remembrance of the deeds of those French soldiers, who, like so many fiends, entered her hamlets and her cottages to let loose their brutality, and to gratify their lust. Under the leadership of Napoleon I. who foreshadowed the arrogance, selfishness, and cruelty of Antichrist more, perhaps, than any monarch that has yet been, France, through a long series of years, devastated the terrified nations of Europe, and deluged them with blood, giving them no rest, till, at last, exhausted by her efforts to ruin others, herself succumbed at

THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO, IN 1815, and sank for a season into paralysed and most mortifying decrepitude. Since then France has had many a vicissitude. Time for reflection has been allowed her; opportunity for becoming acquainted with the Scripture has been afforded, but again every mercy has been despised. It may, I believe, be safely said, that France was never more morally depraved, that she was never more socially and governmentally base, and that her rulers were never bent upon a fouler and more abominable design than when she made her sudden, tiger-like spring at Prussia in 1870. France hated Prussia, but

HAS ENGLAND TAKEN WARNING?

England, absorbed in the pursuit of "material" interests, having Mammon for her idol, and lavishing honours and rewards on Intellect, wherever found, if only she thinks that such intellect will consent to serve and worship her idol-England takes warning from nothing. Her eye is closed, her ear heavy. Syren-sounds, which Satan has gathered around her, have lulled her, and she desires not to awaken. Her responsibilities are greater even than those of France; for a period of light, far brighter and more extended in time than that granted to France, has been vouchsafed to her; and she has had opportunity to profit by the lessons that the histories of France, and Spain, and Italy have afforded. She has had full opportunity of considering the difference between nations in which the Bible has been honoured, as the one authoritative record of God's will, and nations in which a selfish Ecclesiasticism has reigned.

England, on many occasions of danger and need, has had the shield of the Most High God marvellously stretched out over her, because the Bible, and not the so-called Church, was acknowledged as having the authority of God. But now all is changed. Notwithstanding the withering curse that Popery has so manifestly brought on neighbouring nations (witness the present condition of Spain)— notwithstanding the deadly savage infidelity that has sprung up in those nations as a result of the ignorance and moral debasement resulting from Priestcraft, a large and influential section of the high-born and educated in England are rushing back into the darkness and idolatries of Romanism, with an unreflecting, fanatical eagerness that astonishes, while it delights, the well-trained Papal emissaries who have been sent out to snare and decoy. have little need of their subtlety-little need of their practised skill. The net is scarcely spread, when the willing foot hastens into it.

They

A MOST APPALLING SPECTACLE. The cold, solid, heartless indifference of England

to that which the powers of darkness are effecting where Popery has dominated, other influences are within her borders, is one of the most appalling penetrating. Austria and Italy are examples. In spectacles that the history of mankind has yet pre- England, where Protestantism once ruled, Popery, sented. The Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth availing itself of the aid of that truthless Latitucentury was a work of God, as sure and certain as dinarianism which is seeking to introduce equality any which He has ever wrought on earth, in behalf of creeds, has strengthened itself both within and of His truth and people. Consequently they who without the Anglican Establishment; and so the avowedly set themselves against it must be adversaries dominancy of Protestantism in England falls. At of God. They set themselves against God to trample present, a patch-work garment is being prepared. down and to hinder the effects of the greatest work Ultimately, indeed, when the time shall come for which in these latter days His Spirit has wrought. Antichrist to be revealed in the full power of his Men may learn the solemn truth too late; but the unfettered, despotic sway, the hell-woven web will last great day will show that they who have, either become altogether black. There will be strict unity through indifferentism and ignorance, or through then-unity in atheistic blasphemy. But the transworldliness or antipathy to the truth, helped ingressors are not "come to the full." At present, casting down the distinctive truths of Protestantism, have set themselves against the work of the Holy Ghost. "It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God;" a fearful thing to meet that "fiery indignation which shall devour the adversaries."

the web that Satan is intending to weave is one of divers colours. The throne of Latitudinarianism is established upon the principles and policy of expediency and compromise. Before it Ecclesiasticism will (perhaps at no very distant period) be made to cease from its vauntings, and will become content to occupy only a niche in the Pantheon of TruthlessThe true servants of Christ only will refuse to join in the unholy concord. Mordecai-like, they will refuse to bow; but they will have to seal their testimony with their blood.

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A UNIFORM SACERDOTALISM IMPOSSIBLE. No one form of sacerdotal religiousness, whetherness. Jewish, Roman, Greek, Anglican, or Mahommedan, will ever succeed in raising itself into universal dominancy. The days of such humiliation are past. The governmental plans to be adopted now must be such as will subserve the interests and commend themselves to the awakened intelligence of the wide world. Do the counsellors of the Vatican dream that they would succeed (even if Protestantism were extinguished) in forcing into the narrow circle of their "infallible" Popish rule the rising intelligence of Egypt and Greece, European and Asiatic Turkey, and Northern Africa, not to speak of Russia, India, China, and Japan, and of scattered but influential Israel? The drag-net of the coming Antichrist, that is to enclose this multitude of peoples, must be somewhat larger than any that ecclesiastic Rome ever has handled. An hour is drawing nigh when Antichrist, a more terrible personage than Mahomet, will appear, and Rome and Athens, Egypt and Assyria, Antioch and Jerusalem, will, with England FORTY COMING WONDERS. and the West, enter his mighty "drag-net," and be for a time the servants of his glory. Before him the whole Roman world (waσa ʼn oikovμevn) will bow down and worship for three and a half years. (See Revelation xiii.) It will be the result of the judicial infliction of God on former iniquities.

THE TRIUMPH OF LATITUDINARIANISM. Herod must become latitudinarian, or he must cease to reign. Accordingly, in countries such as Egypt, Turkey, and Tunis, where Mahommedanism has hitherto been in the ascendant, we are beginning to see its exclusiveness resigned. So also in countries

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II. THE FIRST RESURRECTION.

The Dawning of the Light-The Imperfect Faith of the Disciples-Modern Confusion Respecting the Doctrine-"The Resurrection of the Just"-" The Children of the Resurrection "-When Will it Take Place ?"-The "Times of Refreshing "-The General Resurrection.

THE doctrine of the resurrection of the body seems to have been little understood till "the appearance of our Saviour Jesus Christ, who hath abolished death, and brought life and immortality to light through the Gospel." (2 Tim. i. 10.) That holy men of old had some intimations of this glorious truth is evident from the confidence of Job, whose expectation of seeing his Redeemer stand at the latter day upon the earth, after the destruction of his body by worms, yet remains to be realised at the Second Advent. Many passages in the Psalms are referable to the subject; and our Lord's observations to the Sadducees, who said, "there is no resurrection," are sufficient to show, that under the old dispensation some light was given concerning it: "As touching the dead, that they rise," &c. (Mark xii. 26-27.)

The Pharisees appear to have had some apprehensions, beyond their suspicion of the disciples, from their caution to make sure the sepulchre; they had noticed and remembered that "that deceiver said, while He was yet alive, After three days I will arise again." But the blindness and incredulity of the disciples themselves are remarkable. When Peter and John came to the sepulchre, "as yet they knew not the Scripture, that He must rise again from the dead." Thomas doubted the fact, and required the evidence of his senses. The two disciples at Emmaus were "slow of heart to believe all that the prophets had spoken." When the women "returned from the sepulchre, and told all these things unto the Apostles, their words seemed to them as idle tales, and they believed them not." "He appeared unto the eleven as they sat at meat, and upbraided them with their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they believed not them who had seen Him after He was risen." MODERN CONFUSION RESPECTING THE DOCTRINE. If so much doubt and unbelief prevailed among the disciples of our Lord concerning His own resurrection, it is not surprising that a similar spirit should have been exhibited in the subsequent ages of the Church with respect to the resurrection of the members of His spiritual body. Notwithstanding the additional light which the Epistles of Paul have cast on the general testimony of the sacred record; notwithstanding the clue of interpretation given in "the Revelation of Jesus Christ, "for the solution

of corresponding passages in either Testament; the subject yet remains obscure and intricate to the majority of professed and even devout believers. The time, and nature, and order of this great event, are, for the most part, merged in generalities, or confounded with the popular idea of the Last Judgment; and it is possible for many things to be advanced upon the subject, on good and solid foundation, which would still appear as idle tales to many of the members of the Churches, who, while receiving the Scriptures, are yet slow of heart to believe ALL that the prophets have spoken. Many, like Martha, would say of a departed brother, "I know that he shall rise again at the last day," who know not the hour and " power of that resurrection" which is peculiar to those only who are quickened together with Christ, as "bone of His bone, and flesh of His flesh," the "members incorporate in His mystical body.” "THE RESURRECTION OF THE JUST."

A few in all ages have followed the beloved John from Calvary to Patmos, and by faith have seen the glory of God in that ulterior dispensation, most fully revealed to him who first believed in the resurrection of his Lord. They have meditated with delightful anticipation over the sepulchre of "the First Begotten from the dead;" and considering that "the graves were opened, and many bodies of the saints which slept arose, and came out of their graves after His resurrection, and appeared unto many," they have not been backward to believe or to declare the counsel of God, as spoken by the prophets, concerning "the whole house of Israel."

It is enough for them that it is written, "Behold, O My people, I will open your graves, and cause you to come up out of your graves, and bring you unto the land of Israel." (Ezekiel xxxvii. 12.) These words are too specific to admit of a merely figurative application, and the context abundantly proves their reference to a local and yet future dispensation. "The resurrection of the just" (Luke xiv. 14); "The resurrection of life" (John v. 29); "A better resurrection" (Heb. xi. 35); "The first resurrection " (Rev. xx. 5), appear to be terms declaratory of some remarkable distinctions to be put between the evil and the good, not only as to their final sentence of condemnation or acquittal, but as to the time and

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