rious abolition movements. sonally concerned, or so far as concerns the cause | papers, and read one after another to show the va- The speaker, interrupting Mr. A. here remarked that the gentleman from Massachusetts was aware that this question of consideration was not debatable. Mr. Adams. Well-I cannot withdraw the question of consideration. If the house choose to consider the resolution, let it be their act. All the consequences that may follow shall be the act of the house. Let them be charged to the house, not to me. I will not be accessary in arresting the action of this house upon the public business at this time." Some confusion ensued in distinguishing now the question before the house, and by yeas 118, nays 75, some of the members having changed their votes in consequence of not apprehending the question as understood by the speaker, it was decided to consider now the resolutions of Mr. Marshall. The speaker gave the floor to Mr. Underwood. But Mr. Adams rose and demanded the benefits of the sixth article of the amendments to the constitution of the United States, which said article is in the following words: Mr. Wise begged the gentleman would do him justice, while making these remarks, and himself discussing the 21st rule on the subject of slavery as much as he, (Mr. W.) had done, to say that he, (Mr. W.). did all in his power in every form to keep off that discussion. After it began, and he was attacked personally, he was obliged to discuss this subject; and he hoped the gentleman would not blame him for doing what he was compelled to do against his own will. Mr. Underwood said he had not censured the gentleman; far from it. He had no objections to his discussing it fully, and to northern men talking in the same way. His policy had been to ascertain what northern men intended. Let them all discuss as much as they pleased on this particular topic. They had attempted, by the 21st rule, to suppress debate on this subject; and that attempt at suppression, in failhad not, had been the source of all agitation, alarm ing to show who had the right to petition and who and apprehension on the part of the people he represented. He wanted this thing done away with. Mr. Underwood said he would then go on and bring his remarks to a close. He repeated again that as the gentleman (Mr. Giddings) had said to him that he had no intention to refuse to pay taxes, and to march when necessary-having said that, when his future explanation came, there might be nothing so oftensive in his course as this term carried the idea of.He (Mr. U.) was one of those who had never been governed by names; things, deeds, actions were all. If the gentlemar, from Ohio would stand by him in action, that was all he wanted. were any such here, whose intention it was to put the But he had risen to remark to that class, if there negro on the same political level with the white man to tell the abolitionist, whoever he might be, you are a tempting an utter impossibility; that never, as long as this world stood, did they intend to consent to any such thing. If they designed this, they were attempting an impossibility. It was a death struggle, for them south. son, What was the rea them to show their hand, so that he could understand them, and to show his constituents what they intended. They (the north) had the power, and he wanted One thing, he very well knew, that the state in The constitution of the country had defined treapart he represented had a deeper stake in this matter the United States, or adhering to its enemies and givthat it should consist only in levying war against than any other except Maryland and a small portioning them aid and countenance. of Virginia. Separate the union, and slavery was done in Kentucky, Maryland, and a large portion of son that it was put into the constitution itself? To Virginia. It had been a common practice for southern get clear of this undefined definition, that looseness men to say, "touch this subject and we will dissoive of construction which prevailed in the old country, the union." Their remedy was the destruction of and by which many men innocently were sent to the the thing they wished to save. He believed however gallows. That was the object of this glorious conthat the people of the north and south were pas- to consist in overt acts, and these to be proved by two stitution in giving the definition of treason. It was sionately fond of the union. "In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to tenance of the union, kindred as they were, and en- against the gentleman from Massachusetts was to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and to have the assistance of counsel for his defence." And Mr. A. desired that the motion might be entered on the journal. their independence, for the establishment and main- witnesses. He would attempt to show that this proceeding punish him for an imputed motive, and when he had mitted that this was an invitation to treason; it was done that, he would conclude his remarks. He ad not treason, but a mere invitation to treason. What had the gentleman from Massachusetts been guilty of? Had he invited them according to the petition to be guilty of treason? How did this turpitude deared to each other, how could they bring themselves to split from each other; and in cases that Imight occur, how could the people of Ohio fold their arms and stand on the northern bank of the Ohio river, as a boundary between the two divisions of the Mr. Underwood then resumed the floor, and address-union, and do nothing to save the people of Kened the house at considerable length. Mr. U. instanc- tucky from their doom? It was impossible. God attach to the gentleman? Had he sanctioned the ed cases to shew that efforts made by this house to never intended that this separation should take place; punish members for any infractions were all gener- and all the fury, madness, aud, he might say, crime, petition? How could they tell whether his motive ally ineffectual. He had objected to the jurisdiction in any portion of the union, could not so far get the was really agitation and mischief? They could not of this house in the Graves and Cilley affair-and he better of the good sense of this people as to allow tell, unless gifted with the spirit of omuiscience to would prove that it was a palpable violation of the this state of things to come to pass. It could not be, dive into the inmost recesses of his soul and discover constitution for this house to undertake to go before and a northern man before him said it should not be. what motive actuated him. How could they tell that the civil authorities in taking cognizance of crimes He thanked him for the sentiment. He wanted to he was influenced by base, improper, and treasonable committed by its members. If the gentleman from say to abolitionists on this floor that the doctrine of motives? In attempting to decide it they were arroMassachusetts has been guilty of the crimes alleged their creed, so far as he understood them, was this, gating to thomselves the power of omniscience, in the resolution, this is not the tribunal before which that nothing would satisfy them short of emancipathe ought to be arraigned-were it otherwise, I object ing their slaves and placing them them on an equality to the course proposed. To my mind, it is worse with themselves in regard to religious and mora than bathos to say that, whereas a member of this rights. He would appeal to the gentleman, (Mr. Gidhouse has been guilty of "treason and subornation dings), before him if this was not their doctrine. of perjury," therefore you will censure him! Mr. Giddings said it gave him great pleasure to reMr. Marshall here interposed, and asked if the re-spond to the feelings which the honorable member solution charged these crimes? He denied they did. had expressed. To all those sentiments which he Mr. Underwood said these crimes were implied in had uttered he responded from his inmost heart. He the very act of presentation of the petition, and that would also say that he was an abolitionist to the full if the resolution was considered, they were called extent in which he understood that term. That he upon to inflict censure, mere censure, in a case which had conversed with hundreds, and perhaps he might called for the severest punishment. say thousands, but he had never heard one intimate any intention or wish to interfere politically with the institution of slavery in Kentucky or any other state. They claim no such right; nor do they ask any such privilege. Gentlemen may consider him as speaking ex cathedra if they choose. He would then say that all imputations and charges of their desire to do so, were, so far as he was informed, unfounded. On the contrary, they ask to be relieved from such interference and taxation for the support of slavery. They ask that it should not interfere with them. Let us cease to appropriate the money of the free states for volve the free states in the disgrace or support of that the support of slavery: Let congress cease to ininstitution, and they will de satisfied as to political Mr. U. passed on to the subject of petition. Every one knows, said Mr. Underwood that the gentleman from Massachusetts is ultra, and more than ultra in his views of the right of petition. My doctrine is, that there exists no right to petition, where there exists no authority to grant the prayer of the petitioners. I have voted against the 21st rule, because by that rule you exclude petitioners who have a right to be heard, as well as those who have not. A thinking people will not tolerate the existence of any rule that conflicts with their just rights. action. He would close with a remark as to the consequence of this proceeding, if it was carried out. The people of this country, in framing this glorious constitution, had exempted them from being brought in question elsewhere than on this floor for any thing they might say here. Their object was to secure the most unbounded liberty of speech and action; but they had imposed on them a limit. They had said congress should pass rules, and for a breach of those rules they might expel a member by the consent of twothirds. But this was for violating the rules, and not for the mode of action which a man might conscientiously take here. What was their action? Was it to get at the gentleman from Massachusetts for violating the rules of order? He simply rose in his place and presented a petition. Was it a disorderly proceeding, within the meaning of the constitution? No. What, then, were they attempting? It was to punish the gentleman under the declaration he had made, for the manner in which he conceived himself bound, and in duty bound, to represent a portion of the people of Massachusetts-erroneously as he (Mr. U.) thought. But could they punish him for that motive? And suppose As a slaveholder I have differed from my brethren able spirit of hostility by the 21st rule, judging from that they did it; they had already excited a consideron this floor in reference to the whole gag proceeding. the petitions sent here. Now, in addition to that, if I wish the question discussed--discussed to the heart's they inflicted punishment upon this man, who would content of all who choose to discuss it; and let me Mr. Underwood was happy to hear the gentleman go home and tell his constituents that he had considsay to my friends, and brethren of the south, that if say that Kentucky should not suffer under any emer- ered the liberty of petition co-extensive with that of we cannot bear the discussion of this question, wegency, and that he (Mr. G.) would stand by her as speech, and he had thrown in every thing that had are already gone-gone beyond all hope of redemp- long as Mr. U. would stand by Ohio. There was been forwarded to him, for which he had received one little qualification in the concluding sentence of this treatment at their hands, what would they say? He said, in reference to all these rules, denominat- the gentleman from Ohio which he did not thorough- "If he, their representative, was compelled to assoed gag-rules, "away with them." They, (the south), ly explain; that he wanted to be exempt from taxa- ciate with such men, they would cut loose the bonds were the weaker portion, were in the minority. The tion and to be delivered from all connexion with the of the union." He told them to beware how they north could do what they pleased with them; they institution of slavery. The time might come-he put into the power of the gentleman from Massachucould adopt their own measures. All he asked was, hoped never to see it-when his northern brethren setts to go home and tell his constituents that he was that that they would let them, (the south), know what those measures were-that they would show their hand; and when he and his constituents knew precisely what was intended, then they would be prepared to take the ultimate steps which became What then did the rules do? The gentleman from Virginia, (Mr. Wise), the other day, notwithstanding the rules, had taken up abolition tion. them as men. would have to be taxed a little in pursuance of the Mr. J. Campbell objected, and Mr. Giddings, was a martyr to the right of petition. He said to his southern friends, beware how you do it? It seemed to him that no good could come out of it, and from the bottom of his soul he believed great harm would result. He, therefore, appealed to them to abstain from it. The debate was further continued by Mr. Arnold and others. The house, at seven o'clock, adjourned. CHRONICLE. Michigan and her banks. It is stated in the northern MARYLAND SLAVEHOLDERS' CONVENTION. The pro papers that the repeal of the suspension law by the legis-ceedings of the recent slaveholders' convention, do lature of Michigan has forced the Bank of Michigan to not meet the approbation of the entire people of the make an assignment of its effects. state. A meeting opposed to the leading measures has been held in Queen Anne's county, and another is called for Kent county. expired on the 9th ult., (Sunday) the governor elect, MISSISSIPPI. Gov. McNutt's term of office having T. M. Tucker, could not be inaugurated until Monday, the 10th ult., consequently general Jesse Spaight, president of the senate, became by the constitutional law, governor, ad interim, of the state of Mississippi. BANK TOPICS.-The Gerard bank at Philadelphia having failed two weeks since, the solvency of the New York. The reports of the canal and bank bank of Pennsylvania became suspected and a run commissioners were presented on Jan. 27. The total was made upon it last week, which resulted in an in- amount of contracts on all the canals, for work finishjunction by governor Porter. Their branch at Har-ed and unfinished, is $20,126,878, on which there has risburg is also closed. The Philadelphia Chronicle been paid up to Jan. 1842, $15,624,257, leaving balsays "governor Porter, who had visited the city for ance of $5,102,621. Of this balance the work done is the express purpose of insuring the payment of the $478,236, and the work yet to be done $4,624,385. interest on the state debt, due to-day, yesterday morn- The total amount of all contracts for enlarging the ing caused an injunction to be issued against the Erie Canal is $13,769,550, of which was made by Pennsylvania bank, compelling it to close its doors, the former commissioners, $12,688,513, by the preMORTALITY IN BOSTON FOR 1841. The whole and suspend all kinds of business for the present, as sent, $1,081,037. Of the whole sum, $8,686,342 have number of deaths in Boston during last year was Job Mann, esq., state treasurer, made affidavit setting been paid since Oct. 1838, and before that time only nineteen hundred and nineteen-under one year of forth that about eight hundred thousand dollars of the $1,884,537, leaving a balance unpaid of $3,198,769. age there were 362, and under two years 532. Deaths government money was deposited with that institu- The number of boats which have passed the lock by consumption 256. tion, for the purpose of paying said interest." near Schenectady during the past year was 30,320, being 3,333 more than any other year. The tolls cinnati Times, that the post master general has apduring the last season where, as has been stated be-pointed Mr. Lyttleton Quinton, P. O. agent for that fore, $2,034,882. city. His duties are to board all steamboats that may land or touch at that port, and receive from the officers the letters directed to citizens of Cincinnati. These letters will then be placed in the Cincinnati office, and charged with the usual postage. It is also belonging to the West India line of 14 steamers star-ment any steamboat that may refuse to comply with The Forth and Solway made the duty of the agent to report to the departted from Southampton, England, on the 17th and 18th this demand. Dec. and also the Tweed and Clyde bound to differ[Ball. Sun. This bank was the agent of the state, and had provided funds to the amount of $900,000 for the payment of the interest due the state on the 1st inst. One half of which they used endeavoring to sustain the bank-and the interest remained unpaid. The "other banks of Philadelphia have adopted a kind of safety fund project, and are about to issue new notes upon that basis. Meantime a bill has passed the house of representatives at Harrisburg by a vote of 75 to 15 requiring the banks of the state to resume specie payments without delay, and it is said it will pass the senate also. GEN. BRISCOE G. BALDWIN, of Staunton, was on Friday elected judge of the court of appeals of Virginia, af ter fourteen ballotings. Gen. B. is now a delegate from Augusta. BRITISH STEAM PACKETS. POST OFFICE MOVEMENT. We learn from the Cin ent islands and ports of our continent. Forty-nine Courier gives the following exhibit of the amount of sal SALVAGES. The correspondent of the New York NEW JERSEY BANKS. Of 25 banks in the state, 15 distinct ports are designated as places to which mails vages decided at Key West for the Inst eleven years, already pay specie. The 10 suspended are connect- may be directly forwarded, and landed by the steam-viz. 1831, $39,487; 1832, $46,555; 1833. $33,123; 1834, ed in business with Philadelphia. The suspended ers. There will be a steam packet twice a month $32.042; 1835, 887.249; 1836. $174,132; 1837, $107,495; banks had in Jan. 1841, a circulation of $1,332,931, from Havana to Halifax, calling and delivering let- 1839, $31,578; 1839, $90 797; 1840, $S5113; 18il, and specie $201,332; in Jan. 1842, they have in cir- ters at Savannah, Charleston and New York; and so $56,973. In 1841, the amount awarded by arbitrators culation $856,242, in specie $265,579. The specie arranged as to meet with the Cunard line from Bos- was $15,906. The above amounts are not entirely corpaying banks had in Jan. 1841 in circulation $538,107, ton to Halifax, and returning to Havana, will convey rect in all cases, as salvages are sometimes given in kind. in specie $231,163; and in Jan. 1842 in circulation letters to all ports of the West Indies, South Ameri- THE TARIFF OF SWEDEN. The New York American $732,901, and in specie $295,709. Aggregate capi- ca, &c. The New Orleans papers of the 21st an- says, commercial letters, received by the Britannia, state tal of suspended banks is $1,351,028, of specie banks nounce the arrival of the Forth at the Balize with 6 that a change would be made in the tariff of Sweden on is $2,472,805. days later European news than had then been receiv- the 1st of January, whereby cotton would thenceforth be badoes. ed at New York. The Solway has arrived at Bar-exempt from duty. NEW YORK BANKS. The bank commissioners of N. York on Jan. 26, made their annual report to the legisla ture of that state of the condition of the banks on the 1st of January instant. From the tables accompanying that report we extract (says the New York Commercial Advertiser) the following leading items: CROTON AQUEDUCT. copious supplies of pure, fresh water are to be pourThe great work, by which ed into the city of New York, is expected to be finAggregate amount of loans and discounts, specie, cir- the aqueduct during the past year have been $1,118,ished by the 4th of July next. culation and deposites in all the chartered banks in the 843 44. The total amount expended thus far is The expenditures on state being 90 in number: Loans and discounts $49.611,251 $7,107,463 03. The sum yet required to complete 4,785,523 the work to Murray hill is estimated at $1,523,894 12,372,764 55 Specie Deposites SLAVE TRADE. Capetown, Oct. 27. H. M. S. Fantome slave trade, having had the Brisk and Waterwich under cruise on the coast of Angola, for the suppression of the returned to Simon's bay 24th ult. after a 16 months' her orders; during which period they have captured 33 slave vessels and liberated 3,427 negroes, viz: Fantomie, 16 vessels 1,310 negroes Brisk, 10 do. 1,136 do. Waterwitch, 951 do. 7 do. TENNESSEE. The house has passed a bill compelling the banks to resume specie payments on the 1st Aggregate amount of loans and discounts, specie, cir- $900,000, for the purpose of introducing the Croton ters. 14,620,865 The comptroller of the city advertises for a loan of July next, under penalty of a forfeiture of their charculation and deposites in 43 banks, under the general water by the 4th July next. law, being all that have made returns to the commission 10 or 15 years, at the option of the purchaser, and is The loan is payable in Loans and discounts $7,306,925 to bear an interest of 7 per cent. ers: Specie Circulation Deposites Total of all the banks embraced in the report: Loans and discounts Specie Circulation Depostes 686,170 DEATHS. In Philadelphia during the past week there Aggregate amount of loans and discounts, specie, circulation and deposites in 25 chartered and free banks in the cities of New York and Brooklyn: Loans and discounts Specie Circulation Deposites service. Col. Cummings was one of the oldest officers of the ELECTION IN GEORGIA. The governor has issued his Amount of funds on deposite in New York and Albany proclamation, declaring the election of Messrs. Cooper, he signed, with Lord Aberdeen, the minister of foto the credit of the country banks It is believed that there has been a considerable reduc- turn, except the county of Glynn, in which no legal elec-friendly feelings. He is hastening to Texas with the $3,427,512 Colquitt and Black. The following is the complete re-reign affairs, a protocol strongly indicative of these tion in the circulation since the 1st instant, and it is un- tion was held: derstood that there has been considerable increase in the amount of specie in the city of New York during the same period. The aggregate amount of loans, discounts, specie circulation and deposites of all the chartered banks in the state, is $81,390,403; of the free banks under the general banking law, 43 in number the amount is $12,958,712. The aggregate amount of the banks, in the city of New York and Brooklyn, including as above 25 in number $55,354,834, of which $4,395,069 is specie. This report, however, only comes down to the 1st inst. and since that time there has been considerable increase in the amount of specie in that city. The amount of funds on deposite in Albany and New York to the credit of the country banks is $3,427 512. The State Bank of Illinois announces its readiness to join the banks of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Kentucky, in resumption, on the 1st of August next. Ohio Banks, The official statement of the banks of (the highest on each ticket) is 1,757 and Mr. Black, the FIRE ARMS. The average number of small fire arms and packed in Alton, Illinois, this season. KINGSTON, JAMAICA, DATES to the 12th instant, have LETTERS The Britannia brought fully 25,000 letters, the postage on whier amounts to about $7,000. The num $4,568,511 be of letters for New York was 8,000, on which the 1,018,611 postage amounted to $2,700; Philadelphia 1,800, postage 1,146.737 $550; Baltimore 609, postage $175; Albany 273 postage 3,879,647 $65; Charleston 503 postage $187; Mobile 320, postage 11,477,466 $123; New Orleans 500, postage $189. [Bost. Tran. amount of property in the state of New York for Total, Aggregate tax levied in 1841, for $531,987,886 123,311,644 $655,299,530 3,173,356 519,058,782 131,602,988 Total, 650,661,770 In 1836-Real estate, 539,756,874 127,639,486 $667,396,360 FIFTH SERIES.-) -No. 24.-VOL. XI.] BALTIMORE, FEBRUARY 12, 1842. THE PAST THE PRESENT--FOR THE FUTURE. [VOL. LXI. WHOLE No. 1,585. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED, EVERY SATURDAY, BY JEREMIAH HUGHES, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. CONTENTS OF NO. 24, VOL. 11. TRADE AND COMMERCE-Cotton crop; trade at Cleve- CONGRESS. The debate in the house of repre From an official document we have been favored "The arms and private property should be properly with the perusal of, we give some further particulars labelled with the names of the owners, and returned of the capture of the Santa Fe Expedition. After to them upon their arrival on the frontier." encountering innumerable hardships and privations, These terms were offered with the most solemn asthe expedition reached Palo Duro, a tributary of the surance of their being fulfilled. Capt. Lewis then inRed river, on the 29th of August. At this time there formed the Texians that the party accompanying Mr. were only five days rations of beef alone in the camp, Vanness were all captured by Rancheros and were the other provisions having been exhausted. The tied and would have been shot, but for some explanasentatives on the question of privilege in the case of country beyond seemed to be impassible for waggons. tions made by him. They were then taken to the Indians in large parties were hovering around the governor, who had sent all of them but himself to Mr. Adams has been disposed of. On Monday the camp. Under these circumstances it was agreed that Santa Fe. He magnified the military force and dis7th the whole subject was laid on the table by a vote Col. Cooke and Mr. Brenham, two of the commission- cipline of the Mexicans, and assured the Texians that of ayes 106, nays 93. The reception of the petitioners, should go in advance, with a third of the military unless they immediately surrendered, they would be itself was then refused by noes 166, to ayes 40. On escort, to procure supplies and a guide for the expe- surrounded by a well armed and disciplined force of dition-the Mexican guide having deserted them a 4,000 men. These representations, so far as the miTuesday Mr. Cushing moved to reconsider the last few days before, in company with an Italian named litary preparations of the country were concerned, vote, which motion lies over. On Wednesday the Brignoli. On the 31st of August this division left the proved to be false; and the document observes that 9th, Messrs. Gilmer, Rhett, Hunter and Proffit and also camp: the military escort was under the command of Capt. Lewis obtained his liberty and the privilege of captain Sutton. It consisted of 75 men, which to- importing goods duty free into New Mexico, as a reMr. W. C. Johnson asked to be excused from serving gether with the traders and guests accompanying it, ward for his treachery. on the committee of foreign relations and were ex- amounted to 97 souls. cused. On Thursday the 10th, Messrs. M. A. Cooper, E. D. White, Chapman, Sheppard and J. E. Holmes were substituted in their places. So the committee, as now organized, consists of the following members: Mr. John Q. Adams, of Massachusetts; Mr. Caleb Cushing, of Massachusetts; Mr. H. Everett, of Vermont; Mr. Francis Granger, of New York; Mr. E. D. White, of Louisiana; Mr. A. H. Sheppard, of North Carolina; Mr. Isaac A. Holmes, of South Carolina; Mr. R. Chapman, of Alabama; and Mr. M. A. Cooper, of Georgia. UNITED STATES SENATOR. WM. SPRAGUE (whig) has been elected senator to congress from the state of Rhode Island, in the place of Mr. DIXON, recently deceased. On the third and last balloting, the votes stood, SPRAGUE 44, ARNOLD (opp.) 24, POTTER 9, scattering 3. FOREIGN ARTICLES. MEXICO. The N. O. Bee of Feb. 1 says:-We yesterday had an interview with a gentleman, just from the city of Mexico, who informs us that ninety of the Texan captives had reached that place some days before his departure. They were brought in in a most wretched condition, having been marched bare-footed and almost naked from the place of their capture. Amongst the prisoners was the son of Gen. Leslie Coombs. The charity of the foreigners in the city furnished them some necessary apparel. So far from receiving humane treatment from Santa Anna, as reported, they were chained in pairs, and were compelled to work in the streets as common felons. Our informant assures us that the resident ministers of foreign countries had interfered in an informal manner to arrest this disgraceful and barbarous treatment without success. Young Coombs was extremely ill; his constitution had proved too frail to endure the cruelties to which he had been subjected. The accounts of the treachery resorted to to capture the expedition are confirmed. Mr. Kendall had not reached Mexico; he was expected daily, in company with about 200 Texans. Mr. Ellis, our minister at Mexico, had demanded young Coombs as a citizen of the United States; but that a week had elapsed without his receiving any response from the government. We have read a number of private letters that speak of the sufferings of the captives as most appalling. There has been no clemency shown to the citizens of the United States. The general belief in the city was that nothing short of force would ameliorate the condition of the prisoners, and that all would be treated alike. The Bee suggests a meeting of the citizens of New Orleans, and legislative action on the part of the state, to stimulate the general government to protect its citizens. The same paper of the 2d inst says: VOL. XI-SIG. 24. branch of Red river, without meeting a human being, The division marched forward to the Moro, another Under these circumstances, with an enemy of more than five times the number of Texians before them, and an immense force expected to arrive hourly, when no aid could be anticipated from the main body; without provisions, and their horses worn down, and with special instructions from the Texian government to avoid hostilities if the people of the country were opposed to them, the division surrendered. All the conditions of the surrender were of course violated by their treacherous enemies. It was after a deliberation of many hours that their lives were even spared. On the 19th, they were hurried off on their journey to Mexico. Capt. Lewis, accompanied the governor in search of the rest of the Texians, and it was supposed used the same artifices to get them to surrender. The Texians now in chains in the city of Mexico, are those who composed the escort of Cooke and Brenham. The main body under McLeod, had not reached that city at the last dates. The next day Mr. Vanness, the secretary of the commissioners, was sent on to San Miguel, accompanied by major Howard, captain Lewis, a Mr. Fitzgerald, and George W. Kendall. On the 15th the division arrived at a Ranch on the Pecos, twenty miles distant from San Miguel. Shortly after they reached this place, they were waited upon by a Mexican officer, who with seventy armed men had occupied a Ranch on the opposite side of the river. He Since writing the above, a letter has been received informed them that the governor was approaching from G. W. Kendall, dated Chihuahua, 22d Novemwith a large force, and that he had been despatched ber, in which he speaks of himself as being in good to ascertain their purpose, intercept their march, and health and spirits, and expects to be in the city of require them to lay down their arms. The commis- Mexico on the 1st of February. He states further, sioners assured him of the pacific intentions of the that his treatment had been rather humane than expedition, but refused to surrender their arms. otherwise. It is more than probable that this letter They consented, however, to remain where they was written in the expectation of its being interceptwere, until intelligence was received from Mr. Van-ed by the Mexican authorities. Mr. K. is in com ness. On the 16th another interview was had with the officer, who was informed that unless some intelligence was received from Mr. Vanness, the division would proceed to San Miguel the next morning. The officer said that he would send a courier to have Mr. Vanness brought to the camp, and that next day he would cross the river with his men, and camp in the neighborhood of the Texians, as an evidence that he was friendly disposed towards them. Up to this period the Texians had treated every Mexican whom they met with every civility, paying for what was procured for the expedition, at double prices. pany with the party of 200 Texians, under the command of Gen. MeLeod. We infer from it that Mr. K. was sent from San Miguel to Santa Fe as stated by Captain Lewis. TRADE AND COMMERCE. COTTON CROP OF THE UNITED STATES. Statement and total amount of the growth, export, consumption, etc. of cotton, for the year ending 30th September, 1841. NEW ORLEANS. Export-To foreign ports, Total, On the 17th the same officer called upon the com- purposes of the Mexicans. The Texians occupied a Mr. Chavis demanded the surrender of the Texians, in the name of the governor and by his authority on "That the Texians should immediately give up do. do. Florida, do. Texas, Total, Bales. 656,816 161,448 2,000 31,576 851,840 27,911 5,418 508 4,408 38,245 813,595 [946,905] 1840, 6,767 216,239 103,837 1,170 1,831 323,077 1,737 Growth of cotton in the United States, in each year from 153 Bales. Our estimate of the quantity taken for consump tion, does not include any cotton manufactured in the states south and west of Virginia, nor any in that state, Crop of 1824-5 560,000 Crop of 1833-4 1,205,394 except in the vicinity of Petersburg and Richmond. 1825-6 710,000 66 1834-5 1,254,328 Of the new crop, now gathering, about 32,000 bales 1826-7 937,000 1835-6 1,360,725 were received previous to the 1st December, 1841; 1836-7 1,422,930 of which 28,175 were received at New Orleans. [Shipping & Com. List. 66 2,376 320,701 1827-8 712.000 1828-9 857,744 1837-8 1,801,497 [445,725] 1829-30 976,845 32,297 1831-2 987,477 "6 1838-9 1,360,532 To foreign ports-Uplands, Sea Islands, 80,496 September, 1841. Boston Philadelphia Baltimore Virginia 162 Total Export in 1840, 1,246,791 Britain. Europe. eign ports. 447,465 103,232 78,515 1,876,003 Exports in 1841, 858,742 348,776 56,279 49,480 Decrease in 1841, 388,049 98,689 46,953 29,035 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES. It is stated in the Detroit Advertiser that in 1819, there was but one steamboat on the lakes. In 1827, the waters of Lake Michigan were first ploughed by steam-a boat having made an excursion to Green Bay. In 1832, a boat reached Chicago with troops. In 1833, there were 11 boats on the lakes. The time of running from Buffalo and returning averaged 22 days. In 1834, 7 new boats came out, which made 18 in service for the year. Two trips were made to Green Bay, and three to Chicago; and the amount received for them was $6,273 65. In 1839, the increase of business to Chicago, and ports west of Detroit, was so great that a regular line of 8 boats ran from Buffalo to Chicago, making a trip in 16 days. In 1841, 525 trips were made from Buffalo to Detroit-81 to the upper lakes, of which 70 were to Chicago, and 10 to Green Bay. Earnings of all the boats $767,123 27. The upper lake boats contributed $301,803 39 to this amount. In 1841, the number of sail vessels was estimated at 550, varying in size from 30 to 350 tons, and the cost of them $1,250,000, and the earnings at $750,000. The earnings of British vessels on the lakes is estimated at $150,000.The earnings of the steamboats and sailing vessels on the lakes in 1841, from the best data that we can get at, isAmerican steamboats, sailing vessels, British vessels generally, $767,132 27 750,000 00 150,000 00 $1,667,132 27 CONSUMPTION. Total crop of the United States for 1841, as before stated 1,693,387 1,634,945 bales. Add-Stocks on hand at the com- (1st. Oct. 1841)-In the sou thern ports 40,942 In the nor -1,307,377 Stock on hand at the close of the thern ports 44,018 Do. In the nor- 82,068 6,654 Total, Deduct-Stock on hand, 1st October, 1840, Received from southern ports, Total, LAKE COMMERCE OF CLEVELAND, OHIO. Statement of the number of arrivals and departures, (steam vessels not included), at the port of Cleveland, from 23d March, 1841, when the harbor was clear of ice, to the close of navigation; principal articles of cargo; number of vessels and steamboats belonging to the port of Cleveland, and their aggregate amount of tonnage; prepared by George B. Mervin, collector of customs at Cleveland, Ohio, January 1, 1842. Whole number of arrivals, 1,364; of which 437 were from Canadian ports on Lake Erie, and American and Canadian ports via Welland canal. Principal articles of cargo: Merchandise, 35,485 pak's; do. 489; tons salt, 90,160 pounds; fish, 5,911 do. flour, 1,121 do. plaster, 1,101 do. 423 tons; corn, 11,165 bushels; wheat, 1,720 do. lumber,* 2,058,000 feet; shingles, 1,802 thousand; staves, 69 do. shingle bolts, 333 cords; burr blocks 1,500. Cargo by steamboats, no account. Whole number of departures, 1,366; of which 422 were to Canadian ports on Lake Erie, and American and Canadian ports via Welland canal. Principal articles of cargo: Wheat, 1,593,000 bushels; corn, 203,900 do. oats, 17,229 do. flour,† 460,810 barrels; pork, 33,733 do. whiskey, 12,348 do. lard, 1,593 do. do. 3,791 kegs; do. 60 tons; salt, 17,030 barrels; flax and grass seed, 2,051 do. butter, 541 do. do. 15,542 kegs; do. 28 tons; potash, 1,006 barrels; beef 868 do. beans, 647 casks; cheese, 1,295 do. do. 32 tons; tobacco 900 hogsheads, hams, 2,082 casks; coal 4,329 tons; grindstones, 266 do. staves, 2,954 thousand; black walnut lumber, 144 -1,396,099 do.; feathers 962 sacks; wool, 661 bales; cotton 174 do. in 1840, 1,000 1834-35 Total crop of 1841, as above, Decrease, in 1841, Wheat, 271,913 bushels; corn, 47,393 do. oats, 969 do. flour, 62,605 barrels; pork, 13,469 do. beef 760 do. coal, 1,553 tons; grindstones, 157 do.; staves, 34 thousand. Vessels belonging to Cleveland. Schooners, 66; steam120,593 boats, 7; brigs, 4; sloops, 2. Aggregate amount of 103,483, tonnage, 9,504 tons. 1833-34 CANAL COMMERCE OF CLEVELAND. The following bales 2,177,835 Orleans statement, the quantity received at that port particulars of merchandise, on which toll is charged 1,634,945 from Texas-Texas being a foreign country. by weight, is from the official report of D. H. Beards- An American who raises 5 hhds. contributes $1,750 | mated that, as a large proportion of the articles com ley, esq. the collector at Cleveland. There arrived at Cleveland, by way of the canal, during the year 1841, 275,556,683 pounds. The following constitute the chief articles that arrived: Wheat, 1,569,976 bushels; corn, 244,749 do. oats, 32,851 do. mineral coal, 479,441 do. flour, 441,848 10 66 25 "" 100 3,500 ing from Europe were admitted free of duty, the re8,750 venue which the United States has derived from the 17,500 importations from Europe has not exceeded ten 26,280 millions of dollars annually; so that if this revenue 35,000 should be equalized on the total average importations Now, can it be supposed by any reasonable man from Europe, say $97,251,334, it would only amount barrels; pork, 29,886 do.; whiskey, 12,245 do.; butter, that you will any longer submit to such a state of to a duty of about 10 per cent. while Europe is ob1,464,935 pounds; cheese, 58,148 do. lard, 961,421 things? The legislation of, and the duties levied, and taining a revenue of at least thirty-five millions of do.; bacon, 1,878,530 do.; pig iron, 988,160 do.; mer-monopolies existing in Europe on our tobacco, appear dollars from 86,396 hhds. of our tobacco, costing, in chandise, 677,245 do. iron and nails, 3,842,420 do. to have the double object of obtaining an immense the United States, $6,450,820. revenue from the smallest possible quantity of mate- Fellow citizens, is this the reciprocity, is this the rial, and consequently deeply injurious to the pros-even-handed justice, we have a right to look for, and perity of our agricultural interests, by preventing a to expect from foreign countries, whose industry, greater quantity from being cultivated. These high whose prosperity, and, it may also be said, whose rates of duties and monopolies in Europe cripple your tranquility, depend upon our great and annually inindustry, preventing you from usefully and profitably creasing markets for the sale of their produce? extending the cultivation of your lands, which a bountiful providence has, with a most liberal hand, provided for you. tobacco, 912 hogsheads; staves and heading, 968,304 pieces; wood, 1,8793 cords. Of property on which tolls is charged by weight, there were cleared from Cleveland, by way of the canal, during 1841, 44,017,480 pounds. TO THE TOBACCO PLANTERS OF THE UNITED STATES. Gentlemen: Having been again appointed by the president of the United States, at the express and unanimous desire of the select committee of the house on the tobacco trade, and of the general convention of tobacco planters held last May in Washington, as a special agent to attend to the interests of the tobacco trade of the United States with Europe, I embarked on the 12th ultimo from New York, to proceed, via England, to my destination in Germany. Permit me, gentlemen, to express my grateful and sincere thanks for the repeated marks of confidence with which the tobacco interest has honored me, and to again assure you, gentlemen, that my devoted, my utmost exertions shall be continued, in order to bring your cause to a successful issue in Europe. The following will show what would be the pro- France I was in hopes that this address would have reach-Russia ed the United States in time to have been distributed Denmark among you at the general tobacco convention to be Holland held next month in Washington, but my long passage to Belgium England has rendered it impossible. But, believing that the following remarks, which I take the liberty of addressing to your serious consideration, may, although too late for the general tobacco convention, still be useful to you, I have prepared, and shall forward them to the hon. Mr. JENIFER, chairman of the select committee on the tobacco trade. Germany, not including Austria The following will show the actual consumption Wallachia of our tobacco in Europe, and the estimated amount Poland of revenue derived by each government from the same: Russia 5,800,000 1,140,000 26,000,000 40,000,000 35,000,000 378,000 1,215,000 1,125,000 297,000 1,350,000 3,150,000 113,900 136,680,000 Holland Hogsheads. Revenue. Which, at 1,200 pounds per hogs- hhds. Belgium 4,000 17,275,000 Porto Rico at 5,000,000 Portugal Italy, say Sardinia 1,200 Equal, at 1,200 lbs. per hhd. to 14,553 hhds. of which the great2,000,000 er proportion is probably sent to Europe, say hhds. 12,000 Let me, therefore, respectfully recommend to you to be firm in your determination, and united in your efforts, to obtain justice, and you will certainly succeed in every country of Europe in obtaining a diminution of the high duties, and the abolishing of the shameful monopolies which exist on your industry. I have, gentlemen, the honor to remain, with sentiments of the highest consideration and respect, your most obedient servant, JOSH’A. DODGE. London, November 16, 1840. TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS, SENATE. FEBRUARY 1. The members of the senate attended the funeral of the hon. N. F. Dixon late senator from Rhode Island. FEBRUARY 2. Petitions in favor of the bankrupt law continued to be presented. Mr. White presented a joint resolution of the legislature of Indiana praying an appropriation for the improvement of the harbor of St. Josephs in Michigan. Mr. W. expressed his views of its importance and gave reasons why congress should make appropriations. Mr. Preston denied the constitutionality of making appropriations for harbors; he was opposed to any such tariff of protection as would regulate the industry of the country. He was in favor of a firm system of taxation adequate to the appropriations of congress and if in doing this any branch of industry were incidentally benefitted he should not be opposed to it. Mr. Preston thought congress could as well build Gadsby's hotel because there were lamp posts, as to build harbors because they could build light houses. The powers of congress must stop at the high water indicated by the constitution. Mr. Graham said that at the proper time he would endeavor to show that it was the duty of the general government to reopen the old channel of Albemarle sound. Mr. Clay said that the general government had made appropriations for the harbor of Charleston in South Carolina which had been asked for. What are the lakes but great inland seas. Is their commerce not to be looked after? The let alone policy contended for by the senator of South Carolina would carry us back to the old confederation, and I fear we are going back to that old point of our his-125,900 tory. Congress had the power to make harbors as well 3,400,000 Making the possible consumption as light houses when the safety of navigation requirof American tobacco in Europe 844,088 ed it. 1,200,000 But, taking into consideration the want of means 70,000 among the population of many of the countries of 5,620 Europe to purchase our tobacco, I will suppose that the probable consumption of American tobacco in 86,396 $35,071,820 Europe would be only about one-half of the above The annual average exportations of our tobacco mentioned quantity, say 422,344 hhds.; this would be from the United States from 1st October, 1835, to more than four times our actual exportations to the 30th September, 1838, according to the statistical various countries of Europe, and would require at statement which I had the honor of addressing to the least 300,000 tons of extra shipping to carry it to hon. Mr. JENIFER, under date of April 27, 1840, market, and would increase the pecuniary means of was 103,422 hogsheads, costing in the United States our country more than twenty millions of dollars an$7,748,772; of which 97,651, costing $7,267,794, were nually, adding an increased value to the state and exported to Europe. The difference between the other stocks of our country in foreign markets, and 97,651 hogsheads and the quantity mentioned above greatly augmenting the revenues of our government as consumed, say 86,396 hogsheads, (after deducting by affording us the means of greater importations, the small quantity consumed in Gibraltar and Malta, and consequently a low tariff, if the revenue should free ports), has unquestionably been smuggled from be found to be more than sufficient for the economithose countries of Europe where a low duty is charg-cal wants of our government. ed into those countries where a different policy is The annual average importations into the United pursued, say into England, France, Spain, Portugal States from the various countries of Europe, from 1st and Italy; and there is also no doubt but that a large of October, 1835, to 30th September, 1839, amounted proportion of that which I have mentioned as con- to $97,251,339; of which $42,653,867, equal to 44 sumed in Germany is smuggled into the great Ger- per cent. on the total average importations, were adman union of customs, and also into Austria, from mitted free of duty; and, as the average exportations the other states where the duty is low. However, of our domestic produce of all kinds to the same one thing is certain, that on 86,396 hogsheads of Ame- countries of Europe, during the same period amountrican tobacco, costing in the U. States $6,450,820, ed to $79,201,860, it will be seen that we have adand legally introduced into Europe, a revenue is de- mitted, free of duty from Europe, an amount of its rived of about $35,000,000, being nearly six times produce more than equal to one-half of the exports more than its original cost. of our domestic produce to the same countries. The memorial was referred to the committee on commerce. The senate then proceeded to the order of the day, being the resolution submitted by Mr. Clay restricting and limiting the veto power and Mr. Buchanan addressed the senate, and believed the veto power to be one of the strongest and stateliest in the constitution and if removed from it might lead to the destruction of the constitution. He took up and referred to the address of some of the whig members of congress adopted in September last, examined in some detail Mr. Clay's speech in support of his resolution and referred to the precedents of England and this country. Congress was more apt to be rash in its legislation than the executive in its. In conclusion, Mr. B. hoped that this question would be now settled by a vote that would put it at rest forever. Mr. Archer moved that the subject be now informally passed over for the present and after transacting executive business the senate adjourned. FEBRUARY 3. The president of the senate presented a report, in compliance with the resolution of July 21, 1841, from the secretary of the navy, on the necessity and practicability of establishing a navy yard, and depot or naval station on the Gulf of Mexico. Mr. Prentiss presented a petition for appropriation for a harbor at Milwaukie in Wiskonsan. |