THE AMERICAN MANUAL. Court of Claims.-Chief-Justice, $4,500; 4 associates, $4,500; clerk, $3,000; assistant, $2,000; bailiffs, messen. gers, etc. Supreme Court of District of Columbia.-Chief-justice, $4,500; 5 associates, $4,000; clerk, district attorney, marshal, register of wills, fees; deputy clerks and mar shals, bailiffs, attendants, etc., in varying number and rate, from $2,500 to $500 per year. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. The ordinary business of this office may be classified under the following heads: 1. Official opinions on the current business of the gov ernment, as called for by the President, by any head of department, or by the Solicitor of the Treasury. 2. Examination of the titles of all land purchased, as the sites of arsenals, custom-houses, lighthouses, and all other public works of the United States. 3. Applications for pardons in all cases of conviction in the courts of the United States. 4. Application for appointment in all the judicial and legal business of the government. 5. The conduct and argument of all suits in the Supreme Court of the United States in which the government is concerned. 6. The supervision of all other suits arising in any of the departments, when referred by the head thereof to the Attorney General. To these ordinary heads of the business of the office is added at the present time the direction of all appeals on land claims in California. PAY OF OFFICERS AND EMPLOYES IN THE Solicitor-general, $7,000; 3 assistant attorneys.general, $5,000; solicitor of the treasury, solicitor of internal revenue, $4,500; assistant attorney-general for postoffice department, $4,000; examiner of claims in department of state, $3,500; law clerk, $2,700; chief clerk, $2,200; 9 clerks, from $1,200 to $2,000; stenographer, $1,800; telegraph operator, $1,000; 5 copyists, $900; 2 messengers, a watchmen, $720; 2 laborers, $660. UNITED STATES MINT. The Constitution (article 1, section 8) gives Congress the sole power to coin money, and regulate the value thereof. The act of April 2, 1792, provided that a mint for the purpose of national coinage should be established and carried on at the seat of government of the United States, which was then at Philadelphia. Subsequent acts continued the mint at the same place temporarily, until by act of May 19. 1828, its location was permanently fixed in that city. The officers of the mint are-a Director, a Treasurer, an a Melter and Refiner, a Chief Coiner, and an Assaer, Engraver. These officers are appointed by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Director has the control and management of the mint, the superintendence of the officers and persons employed, and the general regulation and supervision of the several branches. The Treasurer receives all moneys for the use or support of the mint, and all bullion brought to the mint for coinage; he has the custody of the same, except while legally in the hands of other officers; and on the warrant of the director, he pays all moneys due by the mint, and delivers all coins struck at the mint to the persons to whom they are legally payable. The Assayer assays all metals used in coinage, and all coins, whenever required by the operations of the mint, or instructed by the Director. The Melter and Refiner conducts the operations necessary to form ingots of standard silver and gold suitable for the Chief Coiner. The Chief Coiner conducts the operations necessary to form coins from the ingots, etc., delivered to him for the purpose. The Engraver prepares and engraves with the legal device and inscription all the dies used in the coinage of the mint and its branches. Besides the mint at Philadelphia, Congress has, from time to time, established branches and an Assay Office at th following places: At New Orleans, for the coinage of gold At Charlotte, North Carolina, for the coin- At Dahlonega, Georgia, for gold only.. At Denver, Colorado Territory, for gold At Carson City, Nevada, for gold and March 3, 1835 March 3, 1835 July At New York City, an Assay Office for March 3, 1853 4, 1864 UNITED STATES COAST SURVEY. The coast survey has for its object the production of accurate charts of the coasts and harbors of the United States. With a shore line, including bays and islands, and exclusive of Alaska, of more than 21,000 miles in length, and with a commerce extending to all parts of the world, and rapidly increasing, the importance to the country of this branch of the public service will be readily appreciated. The work was commenced on the Eastern or Atlantic coast in 1822, under the superintendence of Professor F. R. Hassler, and after his death in 1843, was continued under the superintendence of late Professor Alexander D. Bache, and extended to the Gulf of Mexico. On the acquisition of California, the Pacific coast was included in the survey, and since the treaty with Russia, by which Alaska was brought under the Government of the United States, the survey has been extended to that Territory. The whole work is under the administrative direction of the Treasury Department. Upon the superintendent devolves the duty of planning its operations, for the scientific accuracy of which he is responsible. The corps of assistants is composed of three classes-civilians, and army and navy officers. The work is divided into three branches -the geodetic survey accurately determines the relative positions on the surface of the earth of a great number of prominent points, by a system of triangulation and ob servation of the true meridian lines, and of latitude and longitude. The positions fixed by the triangulation form the groundwork of the topographic survey, which delineates the shore-line of the coasts, bays, and rivers; the shape and heights of the hills; the position of the roads, houses, woods, marshes, and fields-in short, all noteworthy features of the country. The hydrographic survey, based upon the points and shore-lines furnished by the triangulation and topography, delineates the hidden configuration of the sea bottom, discovers channels, shoals, and rocks, assigns their true position, and shows the depth of water and character of the bottom over the whole extent of the chart. The observations made in the progress of the survey are arranged and published with illustrative plates, topographic maps, and hydrographic charts. FREEDMAN'S BUREAU. The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands was established March 3, 1865, and attached to the War Department. By its terms the law was limited to one year after the close of the rebellion. On the 16th day of July, A. D. 1866, the law was amended and continued in force for two years, and again, on the 25th of July, 1868, an act was passed continuing the educati nal de partment of the Bureau, and the collections and paymer ts of money due soldiers and sailors or their heirs, until ctherwise ordered by Congress, but the other operations of the Bureau were to be withdrawn from the reconstructed States on the 1st of January, 1868. Major-General O. O. Howard was appointed Commissioner of the Bureau on the 12th of May, 1865, and entered upon his duties on the 15th. Ten assistant commissioners were appointed in the different States embraced under the Bureau. With one exception, these were officers in the army, who were changed from time to time as changes were made in the different military depart ments. The Bureau was organized with four departments, embracing that of Lands, Records, Financial Affairs, and the Medical Department. The Claim Division was subsequently organized under the head of the Land Department. The Bureau at first had supervision of farming property only, but the orders issued under the act by the President on the 2d day of July, 1865, and by the Secretary of the Treasury soon after, placed the Bureau in charge of all real property which had been abandoned, captured, or confiscated, including building lots in cities and towns, as well as plantations and farms. As soon as possible after its organization, the Land Division proceeded to ascertain as accurately as possible the amount and character of the property committed to its charge DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR OFFICERS. Diplomatic and consular officers must not be absent from their posts more than ten days in one year, without leave obtained from the President, and then only for sixty days, not including the time spent in the round journey íf the officer visits his home. The pay of a diplomatic or consular officer is calculated from the time when he begins to receive his instructions; but not more than thirty days time is allowed to this business, and he must take the most direct route to his station. On his return home, time is allowed for the return journey by the most direct route, unless he has resigned, or been recalled, because of official misconduct. Allowances for clerical service are made to a considerable number of the larger consulates. The thirteen consular clerks hold office during good behavior after appointment. The consular offices compensated only by fees, are usually sought and filled by persons who desire to hold the offices and live at the stations for purposes of business, health, or pleasure, and not for the emoluments of the offices themselves. Ministers to France, Germany, Great Britain and Russia.. $17,500 12,000 Ministers to Austria, Brazil, China, Italy, Japan, Colombia, Hawaiian Islands, Hayti, Netherlands, Sweden, Turkey, and Venezuela.. $7,500 Ministers to Bolivia, Denmark, Paraguay, Portugal, and Switzerland Minister to Liberia. Secretary and Interpreter of Legation at Pekin... Secretary of Legation at Yeddo.. ... Second Secretaries at Paris, Berlin, and London .. 5,000 4,000 5,000 3,000 2,625 2,500 2,500 2,000 THE AMERICAN MANUAL. 4,500 4,000 Amoy, Callao, Canton, Chin-Kiang, Foo-Chow, Hankow, Ningpo, and Tien-Tsin.... Aspinwall, Bangkok, Bradford, Buenos Ayres, Demerara, Frankfort, Glasgow, Havre, Hiogo, Manchester, Matanzas, Nagasaki, Osaka, Panama, Rome, Tangiers, Tripoli, Tunis, Valparaiso, Vera Cruz, Vienna.. Antwerp, Belfast, Birmingham, Bordeaux, Bremen, Brussels, Cienfuegos, Dresden, Hamburg, Lyons, Marseilles, Santiago de Cuba, Saint Thomas, Sheffield, Singapore, Tunstall... Acapulco, Barmen, Basle, Beirut, Cardiff, Chemnitz, Coaticook, Cologne, Cork, Dublin, Dundee, Halifax, Hamilton, Kingston, Leeds, Leipsic, Leith, Lisbon, Matamoras, Mexico City, Montevideo, Nassau, Nuremberg, Odessa, Pernambuco, Port Louis, Prague, Rotterdam, St. John, St. Petersburg, San Juan, Smyrna, Sonneberg, Tamatave, Toronto, Trieste, Zurich..... Amsterdam, Auckland, Barbadoes, Barcelona, Bahia, Bermuda, Bristol, Cadiz, Capetown, Charlottetown, Clifton, Copenhagen, Fayal, Florence, Fort Erie, Funchal. Geneva, Genoa, Gibraltar, Goderich, Jerusalem, Kingston (Canada), Laguayra, Leghorn, Liege, Mahe, Malaga, Mannheim, Martinique, Messina, Munich, Naples, Newcastle, Nice, Palermo, Pictou, Port Sarnia, Port Stanley, Prescott, Quebec, St. Helena, St. John's (Canada), San Domingo, Stuttgart, Tampico, Verviers, Windsor, Winnipeg.. CONSULS PERMITTED TO TRADE. Apia, Batavia, Cape Haytien, Ceylon, Gaspi-Basin, Guayaquil, Guaymas, Honduras, Nantes, Para, Rio Grande de Sul, Sabanilla, Santiago, Tahiti, Talcahuana, Utilla, Venice, Windsor (Nova Scotia), Zanzibar 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 Chihuahua, Christiana, Ciudad, Bolivar, Colonia, Coquimbo, Cordoba, Corunna, Crefeld, Curacoa, Denia, Falmouth, Galatz, Garrucha, Geestemund, Ghent, Gottenburg, Grand Basso, Guerrero, Guadaloupe, Guatemala, Helsingfors, Hobart-Town, Iloilo, Laguna, Lambayeque, La Paz, La Rochelle, La Union, Londonderry, Malta, Manila, Manzanillo, Mazatlan, Maracaibo, Medellin, Merida, Mier, Milan, Minatitlan, Monterey, Moscow, New Chwang, Nottingham, Nuevo Laredo, Oajaca, Ottawa, Pudang, Pago-Pago, Paramaribo, Paso del Norte, Patras, Pesth, Piedras Nigras, Piymouth, Ponce Port Stanley, Presidio del Norte, Puerto Cabello, Rheims, Rio Hacha, Rosario, Rouen, Sagua la Grande, St. Bartholomew, St. Christopher, St. Galle, St. George's, St. Helen's, St. John's, St. Marc, St. Martin, St. Pierre, Samana, San Andres, San Blas, San Jose, San Juan del Sur, Santa Martha, Santander, Santos, Sierra Leone, Sonsonate, Stanbridge, Stockholm, Sydney, Teneriffe, Tetuan, Trinidad, Victoria, Warsaw, Zacatecas. MISCELLANEOUS. 13 Consular Clerks. Interpreter at Shanghai... Interpreter at Foo-Chow, Kanagawa, and Tien- Interpreters at Amoy, Canton, Hankow, and $1.000 2,000 1,500 750 500 .Fees and 1,000 1,000 2,000 12 Interpreters in China, Japan, Siam, and Turkey 8 Marshals of Consular Courts in China, Japan, and Turkey.... Dispatch Agent at New York. Dispatch Agent at London... Statistics of Religious Denominations in the Lutheran. Presbyterian.. United States. Christian 567,445 Congregational.. 383,686 Protestant Episcopal.... 323,877 Un ted Brethren.. 155,433 Reformed Church in U. S....... 154.740 United Evangelical... 144,000 Presbyterian South.. 119,970 Protestant Methodist.. 118,175 Cumberland Presbyterian. 111,857 Mormon.. Evangelical Association.. LOSSES OF THE GOVERNMENT FOR EVERY ADMINISTRATION FROM 1789 TO 1876. The following table exhibits the losses of the Government through frauds, carelessness, and from all causes, and the amount of loss on each thousand dollars, for every administration from the beginning of the government till the end of President Grant's administration, as follows: |