Size of Pipe.

The Table also gives valuable information as to the practice, with reference to grades, cost of cleaning and depth of sewers in the cities mentioned.

Examples of Cost Computed from Time Book.-Tables XXV, XXVI, XXVII and XXVIII were compiled by Mr. W. E. Ely. They were computed from notes taken in actual work, and represent actual cost to the contractor. An allowance of fifteen to twenty-five per cent. above these prices would be proper in making preliminary estimates of cost. The soil was loam, sand, and gravel, and the roadway compacted gravel. The trenches were sheet piled the entire length.

IO inch.

*Considerable water was encountered at this depth, which accounts for the increased cost of excavation.

Laborers' wages, $1.50 per day; superintendence, $10.00 per day. About one-sixth of the trenching was in water whose average static level was two feet above the grade line. The soil was

Gaskets.

Laying Pipe.

Superintendence.

TOTAL.

of average compactness. The trenches were sheet piled nearly the entire length.

*Considerable water was encountered at this depth, which accounts for the increased cost of excavation.

Laborers' wages, $1.50 per day; superintendence, $10.00 per day. Nearly all trenching was dry. The soil was rather favorable than otherwise, but required sheet piling.

Size of Pipe.

Laborers' wages, $1.50 per day; superintendence, $10.00 per day. Water was found about one-fourth of the distance, but did not seriously retard the work. The soil was of average compactness.

Laborers' wages, $1.50 per day; superintendence, $10.00 per day. Much of the work was in wet trenches, requiring about