Article II If a Peruvian, naturalized in the United States of America, renews his residence in Peru without intent to return to the United States, he may be held to have renounced his naturalization in the United States. Reciprocally, if a citizen of the United States, naturalized in Peru, renews his residence in the United States without intent to return to Peru, he may be presumed to have renounced his naturalization in Peru. The intent not to return may be held to exist when the person naturalized in the one country resides more than two years in the other country, but this presumption may be destroyed by evidence to the contrary. Article III It is mutually agreed that the definition of the word "citizen" as used in this convention shall be held to mean a person to whom nationality of the United States or of Peru attaches. Article IV A recognized citizen of the one party returning to the territory of the other remains liable to trial and legal punishment for any action punishable by the laws of his original country and committed before his emigration; but not for the emigration itself, saving always the limitation established by the laws of his original country and any other remission of liability to punishment. Article V The declaration of intention to become a citizen of the one or the other country has not for either party the effect of naturalization (36 Stat. (pt. 2), 2181; Treaty Series, No. 532; Malloy, Treaties, II, 1449). PORTUGAL [Signed at Washington, May 7, 1908; ratification advised by the Senate, May 14, 1908; ratified by the President, November 6, 1908; ratified by Portugal, September 21, 1908; ratifications exchanged at Washington, November 14, 1908; proclaimed, December 14, 1908: ] Article I Subjects of Portugal who become naturalized citizens of the United States of America and shall have resided uninterruptedly within the United States five years shall be held by Portugal to be American citizens and shall be treated as such. Reciprocally, citizens of the United States of America who become naturalized subjects of Portugal and shall have resided uninterruptedly within Portuguese territory five years shall be held by the United States to be Portuguese subjects and shall be treated as such. Article II A recognized citizen of the one party on returning to the territory of the other remains liable to trial and punishment for an action punishable by the laws of his original country, and committed before his emigration, but not for the emigration itself, saving always the limitation established by the laws of his original country, and any other remission of liability to punishment. The infraction of the legal provisions which in the country of origin regulate emigration shall not be held, for the purposes of this article, as pertaining to the emigration itself and, therefore, the transgressors of those provisions who return to the country of their origin are there liable to trial on account of any and whatever responsibility they may have incurred through such infraction. Article III If a Portuguese subject naturalized in America renews his residence in Portugal without intent to return to America, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization in the United States. Reciprocally, if an American naturalized in Portugal renews his residence in the United States without intent to return to Portugal, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization in Portugal. The intent not to return may be held to exist when the person naturalized in one country resides more than two years in the other country (35 Stat. (pt. 2) 2082; Treaty Series, No. 513; Malloy, Treaties, II, 1468). SALVADOR [Signed at San Salvador, March 14, 1908; ratification advised by the Senate, April 13, 1908; ratified by the President, May 26, 1908; ratified by Salvador, April 23, 1908; ratifications exchanged at San Salvador, July 20, 1908; proclaimed, July 23, 1908.] Article I Citizens of the United States who may or shall have been naturalized in Salvador, upon their own application or by their own consent, will be considered by the United States as citizens of the Republic of Salvador. Reciprocally, Salvadoreans who may or shall have been naturalized in the United States upon their own application or with their own consent, will be considered by the Republic of Salvador as citizens of the United States. Article II If a Salvadorean, naturalized in the United States of America, renews his residence in Salvador, without intent to return to the United States, he may be held to have renounced his naturalization in the United States. Reciprocally, if a citizen of the United States, naturalized in Salvador, renews his residence in the United States, without intent to return to Salvador, he may be presumed to have renounced his naturalization in Salvador. The intent not to return may be held to exist when the person naturalized in the one country resides more than two years in the other country, but this presumption may be destroyed by evidence to the contrary. Article III It is mutually agreed that the definition of the word "citizen," as used in this convention, shall be held to mean a person to whom nationality of the United States or Salvador attaches. Article IV A recognized citizen of the one party, returning to the territory of the other, remains liable to trial and legal punishment for an action punishable by the laws of his original country and committed before his emigration; but not for the emigration itself, saving always the limitation established by the laws of his original country, and any other remission of liability to punishment. Article V The declaration of intention to become a citizen of the one or the other country has not for either party the effect of naturalization (35 Stat. (pt. 2) 2038; Treaty Series, No. 503; Malloy, Treaties, II, 1570). SWEDEN 13 (EXEMPTION FROM MILITARY SERVICE OF PERSONS HAVING DUAL NATIONALITY) [Signed at Stockholm, January 31, 1933; ratification advised by the Senate of the United States, February 6, 1935; ratified by the President of the United States, February 11, 1935; ratified by Sweden, June 2, 1933; ratifications exchanged at Washington, February 20, 1935; proclaimed by the President of the United States, May 20, 1935.] Article I A person possessing the nationality of both the High Contracting Parties who habitually resides in the territory of one of them and who is in fact most closely connected with that Party shall be exempt from all military obligations in the territory of the other Party. 13 This convention was negotiated in pursuance of the joint resolution of Congress approved May 28, 1928, reading as follows: "That the President be, and he is hereby, respectfully requested to endeavor as soon as possible to negotiate treaties with the remaining nations with which we have no such agreement, providing that persons born in the United States of foreign parentage, and naturalized American citizens, shall not be held liable for military service or any other act of allegiance during a stay in the territory subject to the jurisdiction of any such nation while citizens of the United States of America under the laws thereof" (45 Stat. 789). SWEDEN AND NORWAY [Signed May 26, 1869; ratification advised by Senate, December 9, 1870; ratified by President, December 17, 1870; ratified by Sweden and Norway, June 14, 1871; ratifications exchanged at Stockholm, June 14, 1871; proclaimed, January 12, 1872.] Article I Citizens of the United States of America who have resided in Sweden or Norway for a continuous period of at least five years, and during such residence have become and are lawfully recognized as citizens of Sweden, or Norway, shall be held by the government of the United States to be Swedish or Norwegian citizens, and shall be treated as such. Reciprocally, citizens of Sweden or Norway who have resided in the United States of America for a continuous period of at least five years, and during such residence have become naturalized citizens of the United States, shall be held by the governments of Sweden and Norway to be American citizens, and shall be treated as such. The declaration of an intention to become a citizen of the one or the other country has not for either party the effect of citizenship legally acquired. Article II A recognized citizen of the one party, on returning to the territory of the other, remains liable to trial and punishment for an action punishable by the laws of his original country and committed before his emigration, but not for the emigration itself, saving always the limitation established by the laws of his original country and any other remission of liability to punishment. Article III If a citizen of the one party, who has become a recognized citizen of the other party, takes up his abode once more in his original country and applies to be restored to his former citizenship, the government of the last-named country is authorized to receive him again as a citizen, on such conditions as the said government may think proper. Protocol [Done at Stockholm, May 26, 1869] The undersigned met today to sign the convention agreed upon in conformity with their respective full powers, relating to the citizenship of those persons who emigrate from the United States of America to Sweden and Norway and from Sweden and Norway to the United States of America; on which occasion the following observations, more exactly defining and explaining the contents of this convention, were entered in the following protocol: I. Relating to the first article of the convention. It is understood that if a citizen of the United States of America has been discharged from his American citizenship, or, on the other side, if a Swede or a Norwegian has been discharged from his Swedish or Norwegian citizenship, in the manner legally prescribed by the government of his original country, and then in the other country in a rightful and perfectly valid manner acquires citizenship, then an additional five years' residence shall no longer be required; but a person who has in that manner been recognized as a citizen of the other country shall, from the moment thereof, be held and treated as a Swedish or Norwegian citizen, and reciprocally, as a citizen of the United States. II. Relating to the second article of the convention. If a former Swede or Norwegian, who under the first article is to be held as an adopted citizen of the United States of America, has emigrated after he has attained the age when he becomes liable to military service, and returns again to his original country, it is agreed that he remains liable to trial and punishment for an action punishable by the laws of his original country and committed before his emigration, but not for the act of emigration itself, unless thereby have been committed any punishable action against Sweden or Norway, or against a Swedish or Norwegian citizen, such as nonfulfilment of military service, or desertion from the military force or from a ship, saving always the limitation established by the laws of the original country, and any other remission of liability to punishment; and that he can be held to fulfil, according to the laws, his military service, or the remaining part thereof. III. Relating to the third article of the convention. It is further agreed that if a Swede or Norwegian, who has become a naturalized citizen of the United States, renews his residence in Sweden or Norway without the intent to return to America, he shall be held by the government of the United States to have renounced his American citizenship. The intent not to return to America may be held to exist when the person so naturalized resides more than two years in Sweden or Norway (17 Stat. 809; Treaty Series, No. 350; Malloy, Treaties, II, 1758). URUGUAY [Signed at Montevideo, August 10, 1908; ratification advised by the Senate, December 10, 1908; ratified by the President, December 26, 1908; ratified by Uruguay, May 14, 1909; ratifications exchanged at Montevideo, May 14, 1909; proclaimed, June 19, 1909.] Article I Citizens of the United States who may be or shall have been naturalized in the Republic of Uruguay upon their own application or by their own consent, will be considered by the United States as citizens of the Republic of Uruguay. Reciprocally, Uruguayans who may be or shall have been naturalized in the United States upon their own application or by their own consent, will be considered by the Republic of Uruguay as citizens of the United States. Article II If a Uruguayan, naturalized in the United States, renews his residence in Uruguay without intent to return to the United States, he may be held to have renounced his naturalization in the United States. Reciprocally, if an American, naturalized in Uruguay, renews his residence in the United States without intent to return to Uruguay, he may be held to have renounced his naturalization in Uruguay. The intent not to return may be held to exist when the person naturalized in one country resides more than two years in the other country, but this presumption may be destroyed by evidence to the contrary. Article III It is mutually agreed that the definition of the word citizen, as used in this convention, shall be held to mean a person to whom nationality of the United States or Uruguay attaches. Article IV A recognized citizen of the one party returning to the territory of the other remains liable to trial and legal punishment for an action punishable by the laws of his original country and committed before his emigration, but not for the emigration itself, saving always the limitation established by the laws of his original country, or any other remission of liability to punishment. Article V The declaration of an intention to become a citizen of the one or the other country has not for either party the effect of citizenship legally acquired (36 Stat. (pt. 2), 2165; Treaty Series, No. 527; Malloy, Treaties, II, 1829). Multipartite Treaties to Which the United States of America Is a Party STATUS OF NATURALIZED CITIZENS [Signed at Rio de Janeiro, August 13, 1906; ratification advised by the Senate, January 13, 1908; ratified by the President, January 16, 1909; ratification of the United States deposited with the Government of Brazil, February 25, 1908; proclaimed, January 28, 1913.] Article I If a citizen, a native of any of the countries signing the present Convention, and naturalized in another, shall again take up his residence in his native country without the intention of returning to the country in which he has been naturalized, he will be considered as having reassumed his original citizenship, and as having renounced the ctizenship acquired by the id naturalizaton. 65495-45-41 Article II The intention not to return will be presumed to exist when the naturalized person shall have resided in his native country for more than two years. But this presumption may be destroyed by evidence to the contrary. Article III This Convention will become effective in the countries that ratify it, three months from the dates upon which said ratifications shall be communicated to the Government of the United States of Brazil; and if it should be denounced by any one of them, it shall continue in effect for one year more, to count from the date of such denouncement. Article IV The denouncement of this Convention by any one of the signatory States shall be made to the Government of the United States of Brazil and shall take effect only with regard to the country that may make it (37 Stat. (pt. 2) 1653; Treaty Series, No. 575; Treaties, etc., III, 2882; Charles, Treaties, III, 125). This convention was signed by: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, United States, and Uruguay. NATIONALITY OF WOMEN [Signed at Montevideo, December 26, 1933; ratification advised by the Senate of the United States, May 24, 1934 (legislative day of May 10, 1934); ratified by the President of the United States, June 30, 1934; ratification of the United States of America deposited with the Pan American Union, July 13, 1934; proclaimed by the President of the United States, October 11, 1934.] Article I There shall be no distinction based on sex as regards nationality, in their legislation or in their practice. Article II The present convention shall be ratified by the High Contracting Parties in conformity with their respective constitutional procedures. The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uruguay shall transmit authentic certified copies to the governments for the afore-mentioned purpose of ratification. The instrument of ratification shall be deposited in the archives of the Pan American Union in Washington, which shall notify the signatory governments of said deposit. Such notification shall be considered as an exchange of ratifications. Article III The present convention will enter into force between the High Contracting Parties in the order in which they deposit their respective ratifications. Article IV The present convention shall remain in force indefinitely but may be denounced by means of one year's notice given to the Pan American Union, which shall transmit it to the other signatory governments. After the expiration of this period the convention shall cease in its effects as regards the party which denounces but shall remain in effect for the remaining High Contracting Parties. Article V The present convention shall be open for the adherence and accession of the States which are not signatories. The corresponding instruments shall be deposited in the archives of the Pan American Union which shall communicate them to the other High Contracting Parties. In witness whereof, the following Plenipotentiaries have signed this convention in Spanish, English, Portuguese, and French and hereunto affix their respective seals in the city of Montevideo, Republic of Uruguay, this 26th day of December, 1933. |