ing at right angles. The students are very much under the eyes of their instructors, not only during the day but at night, as they sleep in large rooms containing from twenty to thirty beds, which are exposed to the view of the tutor, who is stationed in the same or in an adjoining apartment. A yard and garden are attached to the col lege, where the students pursue their exercise and amusement. Their apparatus of Philosophy and Chemistry is said to be very inferior. The theatre at Montreal exhibits little to attract the attention of the lovers of the drama, especially if they have been accustomed to attend these exhibitions in the large cities of the United States. Their players are usually composed of that class, who, unable to obtain a livelihood here, hope to acquire a subsistence by amusing the Canadians. The success which they meet with, is often considerable, as the theatre is frequented by many of the citizens, as well as the officers and soldiers stationed in the city. A disturbance occurred a few nights since at the theatre. It is the custom after the farce has been acted, and just before the entertainment is ended, to evince their loyalty by playing "God save the King." As soon as this tune is struck, the audience rise from their seats, and take off their hats out of respect to his Majesty. One of our countrymen not being able towards the close of the exhibition, to fix his attention on the scene before him, fell under the influence of "sleeps' soft down." When the audience arose, he was not roused from his slumbers; and in this state could not imitate the example before him. The rabble supposing it to be an intentional insult to his Majesty, seized him, and drawing him out of the theatre, did not depart, until they had chastised him with so much severity, as to endan ger his life. Contests of this kind have frequently occurred since the conclusion of the last war. In the spring and fall the lumbermen who live on the borders of Lake Champlain returning from Quebec visit the theatre, during the few days they remain in Montreal. Not believing the truth of the old proverb, "when in Rome you must be a Roman," or desirous of making a display of their republican principles, they refuse to uncover their heads, or to stand in an erect position out of complaisance to his Majesty. This has of course exasperated the populace, who in a number of instances, have attempted to revenge this insult, "pugnis et calcibus.”. This attempt has been met by these muscular Americans with firmness, and many a hard knock has been given and received by each party. In most of these contests the rabble have experienced a defeat, and within the last two years, have concluded to wave this etiquette, (at those seasons of the year) rather than receive a repetition of these disasters. Two miles west of the city is Mont Real, (or as it is often called, Mount Royal,) an elevation, rising gradually about one hundred and fifty feet in height, when it makes an angle of 70°. with the plane of the horizon, and rises to five hundred feet above the river. The base of it is cleared, and under a state of cultivation. A few years since it was considered by the people of fortune in the city, as affording a pleasant retreat during the heat of summer. Many of them on this account commenced the erection. of country seats near the base of the mountain. Some of these buildings are elegant, and with their yards and gardens, display no little taste. From these buildings is presented a fine view of the harbour, city, and surrounding country, but much inferior to that from the top of the mountain. Not being able to procure a guide, I determined to make an excursion to the mountain, in order to view this prospect, so much celebrated for its beauty. The ascent was difficult, as I was so unfortunate as to lose the path near the base of the mountain; on which account I was compelled to grope my way through the thicket, occasionally climbing some tree to learn my situation. I found myself amply compensated for the fatigue, when this noble prospect opened to my view, through an aperture made in the forest. At the distance of thirty miles, the mountains of Chambly and Sorelle rose to the height of five hundred feet, describing their dark outlines on the distant sky. Between them and the St. Lawrence, extended north and south for the distance of fifty miles in length, and twenty miles in breadth, a country in the highest state of cultivation. This tract was a perfect level, not presenting a hill of any magnitude in the whole extent. It was chequered with snow white cottages, and appeared like an inland lake, with the villages of La Praire and La Acadie rising from its bosom. West of this level, the majestic St. Lawrence, rolled its tide for sixty miles, adorned with islands and islets of every shape and size, clothed with a green of the richest hue. Its course was devious, and its surface was covered with ships. Its banks, cleared as far as the eye could reach, were adorned with chains of villages, in the centre of which rose a cathedral, with its glit tering spire. Extending for two miles up and down the river, was the city of Montreal, the roofs of its buildings covered with tin. From the foot of the mountain to the city, the ground was laid out in gardens and cultivated fields, adorned with country seats.The emotions excited by this prospect, were rendered still more interesting by the martial music, which was wafted on the gale, and re echoed by the various buildings. Having visited the principal objects of curiosity in Montreal, in company with several of my countrymen, I embarked on board the steam-boat Caledonia, for Quebec. We left the city at nine o'clock, A. M. and while favoured by the rapids, glided from it with great velocity. It was continually fading from our view, exhibing its brilliant reflection, which gradually lost its lustre. At the distance of fifteen miles, it feebly glim mered, like a setting star. As the cabin was raised from the deck, we ascended it to view the scenery. The country was cleared as far as eye could reach, presenting to view all the glowing verdure of an approaching harvest. On the right and left, a chain of white cottages, surrounded by productive crops, euamelled the borders of the river. At the distance of every four and a half miles between Montreal and Quebec, a village, with its glittering spire, illumined the prospect. The Cathedrals in these villages, are built of stone, some of them of two spires. Between them, and on the angles of their roofs, the images of some of their saints are not unfrequently stationed. Along the shore, at every short distance, crosses are erected; before which the people stop, and crossing themselves, say their prayers, and pass on. As the boat approached either shore, we discovered the peasantry pursuing their agriculture, or riding in their calashes to attend mass. The river, which, between these cities, will average nearly three miles in width, was decked with islands, arranged with great beauty. The Sorel islands, which are fourteen miles in length, are distant about forty miles from Montreal. They are formed by the St. Lawrence dividing into three channels, and uniting in one at their termination. The Caledonia took the western channel, in order to land some passengers at Berthier, which is situated about the centre of this channel on the main. While the boat was taking in its supply of wood, we landed in order to take a view of the town. It contains about one hundred houses, of from one to three stories in height. The land near this town is very productive, exhibiting a fertility not much inferior to the vegetable loom of the western states. The Cathedral, which has two spires, surpasses in its exterior any which we have seen on the shore. The interior is handsorac. with the exception of the paintings, which are executed with less skill than any I have witnessed. The town appeared to be thriving, and is one of the most promising villages on the river. The islands are used as a common by the inhabitants who live opposite them; and afford pasture to great numbers of cattle. After a delay of one hour we re-embarked, and following this channel for six miles, found the St. Lawrence open again to our view. A few miles from the union of these currents, the St. Lawrence expands into a large bay, called Lake St. Peters, which is about twenty miles in length by eighteen in breadth. We entered this lake at five P. M. and following the current which runs through the centre of it, we lost sight of every thing passing on the shore. We could discover nothing on the banks, but the Cathedrals and the cottages, reflecting the rays of the evening sun. This lake is difficult of navigation, on account of its numerous shoals. It is ornamented with islands, some of which exhibit handsome undulations. Before we had navigated this lake, the shades of night thickened around us. The next morning we were one hundred miles from the city. The shores continued to present the same marks of cultivation, and villages opened to our view as we glided along, till within fifty miles of Quebec. Owing to the level surface of the earth near this river, the inhabitants are compelled to grind their grain through the medium of windmills, which, since we left Montreal, have appeared every few miles, moving with the wind, and giving life to the landscape. Fifty miles from Quebec, the banks of the St. Lawrence rise to the height of one hundred feet, and continue rising very gradually, until they reach the city. The villages here are not so frequent, and appear inferior to those near Montreal. The banks which rise nearly perpendicularly, appear from the river to be composed of sandstone of a dark red colour. The soil does not exhibit the fertility which is visible farther south. Between thirty and forty miles from Quebec, the view of the banks was much enlivened by the appearance of eight or ten cascades, which fell over the rock into the St. Lawrence. These cascades were from fifty to one hundred feet in height, and exhibited a great variety in their appearance. These streams were enlarged by the numerous rains which had fallen during the summer, and gave a lustre to the view, as interesting as it was novel. Near these cascades, are the rapids of Richelieu, where excepting at high tide, the water is so shallow as to prevent the steam-boats from passing. Many vessels on their way to Montreal were aground, waiting at these rapids for an increasing tide. The banks continued rising in altitude, and at the distance of ten miles from the city, were one hundred and fifty feet. At three o'clock, Quebec with its fortifications, towers and citadel, together with its spires and shipping, opened to our view. The lower town extended for a mile on one street, formed by chipping away the rock and filling up the river. As we approached the city on the left, the heights of Abraham rose to an elevation of two hundred feet, rendered doubly interesting by the valour displayed by the gallant Wolfe, in leading his army up this precipice, the night before the capture of the town. One mile from this height, and near the city, was pointed out to us the spot where Montgomery tell, and sealed his patriotism with his blood. Leaving the boat, we passed through the lower and commenced ascending into the upper town. The road is cut in a serpentine direction, at an angle of 6 or 8°, and at the height of one hundred and fifty or two hundred feet, passes through a massive gate of stone, called Prescott's Gate. The foot-path ascends some distance along this road, when the ascent is made through the medium of steps. From this gate the upper town commences, and comprises an area of two miles in circumference. Quebec consists of the upper town and three suburbs. Prescott suburb or the lower town, the suburb of St. John, and the suburb of St. Roque. The two first are the largest, containing about as many inhabitants as are enclosed within the walls. The population of the city, including the suburbs, is from fifteen to eighteen thousand. Prescott suburb lies at the base of Cape Diamond, and contains several thousand inhabitants. Its buildings are principally of stone, of the same grey colour with those before described in Montreal. In this suburb most of the business of the city is transacted. Here ships bound up the river, discharge a part of their cargoes; though most of the vessels which arrive, unload without proceeding any farther. The depth of water, a few rods from the shore, is sufficient for ships of the largest draught, and those which usually arrive, can lie at the docks at an ebb tide. The tide rises from fourteen to eighteen feet, varying with the wind. The number and size of the vessels lying in port during the summer, indicate to the stranger the commercial importance of this city. The commerce of the town is, however, inferior to that of Montreal, as the latter city has a much larger back country to support it. The merchants are principally shippers or retailers. As the population near the vicinity is limited, there are but few wholesale merchants.The number has decreased since the introduction of steam-boats, which render Montreal a much more eligible situation for this class of merchants than Quebec. Great quantities of ashes, and numerous rafts of lumber, arrive here from Lake Champlain and the St. Lawrence, and are shipped for Great Britain. St. John's suburb contains about the same population with the lower town, but is much less important as a place of commerce. In 1810, 661 vessels cleared from this province. Their tonnage amounted to about 150,000 tons. The imports in 1816, amounted to £2,174,796, Halifax currency, or to $8,699,184. The upper city is built of stone, which, in most of the public, and in a few of the private buildings, are bewn into regular blocks. These stone are carbonate of lime and sand stone, and have the same grey colour with the buildings in Montreal. The streets are irregular and badly paved, and are very steep as they descend to the suburbs beneath them. The upper town is elevated from two to three hundred feet above the St. Lawrence, and rises from it at an angle of 700. From the wall on the eastern side, a stone might be thrown into the chimneys of most of the buildings in the lower town. The public buildings in Quebec are finished in the modern style, and are several of them elegant. The French cathedral here is superior to any church in the city in its appearance, but does not equal that bearing the same name in Montreal. It is adorned with a rich antique carving around the altar, and its walls are ornamented with a great number of paintings, some of which are very well executed. The other catbedrals exhibit little to interest a stranger. The Episcopal church has a numerous congregation, composed of the officers of state and the army. The building, which is the largest in the city, displays considerable taste in its architecture. The Governor's house is a very handsome edifice, of three stories in height, and of one hundred feet in length. Attached to it is a large garden, where, at the distance of every few feet, are placed eighteen and twenty-four pounders, with piles of ball stationed near them. Between them vegetables are growing in great luxuriance. These cannon rest on terraces, rising one above another, and are made to bear upon any point in the harbour. The remaining buildings are the nunneries, which are three in number, resembling those in Montreal. They are rather declining in importance. The chapel of black nuns is frequented by soine of the inhabitants, who help to support the institution. The nuns are visible through the grated side of the building, where they station them services. selves during the performance of the (To be concluded.) Keview of New Publications. The design, rights, and duties of local churches. A Sermon delivered at the Installation of the Rev. ELIAS CORNELIUS, as Associate Pastor of the Tabernacle Church in Salem, July 21, 1819. By LYMAN BEECHER, D. D. Pastor of the first Church of Christ in Litchfield, Andover, Flagg & Gould. A discourse may be received with no doubtful marks of applause, which, when the excitement of the occasion has passed away, and we come to read it deliberately will be found to possess no uncommon share of genius or interest of any kind. There are frequently on public occasions, circumstances and associations, which combine to heighten the solemnity and interest of the scene; and to give a kind of stage-effect to every word that is uttered. Now, the great misfortune is, when a sermon goes to the press from such a scene, that it must go alone. It can carry along with it, none of those brilliant and impressive appendages. You cannot put in type the tones, and emphasis, and looks, and struggling emotions of the speaker. You cannot print the contagious sympathies, and changing countenances of the great congregation. Hence the mortifying disappointment which is sometimes experienced, by those who have heard a sermon preached, and by the public who have heard it extolled, when they come to see it in sober print. We wonder what has become of the pathos that melted us, of the talent that excited our admiration, and of the eloquence which bore us away. The author looses even more than he had gained in our estimation, and the sermon, by being VOL. 2-No. IV. 25 published and read, actually diminishes, if it does not obliterate many strong and useful impressions, which had been made by the warmth and fervency of the delivery, and by the peculiar interest of the occasion. A venerable minister, who a few years since rested from his labours, to a request for the copy of a discourse, which he had delivered during a violent thunder storm, replied: "You may have the sermon, if you will engage to print the thunder and lightning along with it." But although we must express our decided opinion, that preachers, even of high standing, often err in giving their discourses to the public in a printed form, we are far from thinking that this mode of instruction ought to be wholly discouraged, or that a man should never print, because he has nothing to offer, which has not been better said before. Novelty is not only pleasing, but often highly useful. The same truths may be presented in various lights, by different writers, so as more deeply to interest all classes of readers. That which was generally neglected while it appeared in the costume of the seventeenth century, may attract and benefit multitudes in a new and fashionable dress. Many, also, will read with avidity a clean. pamphlet, fresh from the press, in a fair, new type, who could not be persuaded to take down one of superior merit from the shelf, which had been tarnished by careless fingers, or had slept for a dozen years, in quiet oblivion. The interest which we feel in the preacher, or in the occasion, often gives a ready currency and brisk circulation to that which in other circumstances would be received with |