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Feb.1762.

Monumental infcription for M. de Montcalm.

Sere when the elder May prepar'd her flight,

She did unto thy favour'd Mufe refign
Her magic wand, her key of gold most bright,
Theft facred fymbols of her gifts divine.

And cry'd, "Now go in powers of nature strong,
O'er earth commence thy animating reign;
-Scafons fhall yield, obedient to thy fong,

And furious Winter strive to rage in vain! Go! triumph in my place! and scatter round Whatever beauties Fancy's fons can fing; With copious elegance thy temples crown'd, Below on fons of Taste perpetual fpring." Eat-Newton, 1754.

SIMPLICIUS.

TWO POLITE and ELEGANT LETTERS.

[The French troops that served in Canada, being deformas of erecting a monument in honour of Mastcalm, their general, who fell in the action at Quebec [xxi. 547.], when we also lost the brave Wolfe; a Colonel of foot, belonging to that corps, write to the academy of Belles Lettres for an epitaph, to be placed over Montcalm's tomb, in a church in that city; which occafioned the following letter from M. de Bougainville, member of the academy, to Mr Pitt.]

SIR.

THE WOLF Pixxi. 602. xxii. 150. 219 ],
HE honours paid, under your ministry, to

affare me, that you will not disapprove of the
grateful endeavours of the French troops, to
perpetuate the memory of the Marquis de
MONTCALM. The body of this general,
who was honoured by the regret of your na
non, is interred at Quebec. I have the ho-
nour to fend you an Epitaph made for him by
the academy of Inferiptions. I beg the favour
of you, Sir, that you will be pleased to examine
4, and, if not improper, obtain leave for me to
fend it to Quebec, engraved on marble, and to
be placed on the Marquis de Montcalm's tomb.
Should fuch leave be granted, may I prefume to
request, Sir, that you will be fo good as to in-
form me of it, and at the fame time to fend me
palfport, that the marble, with the Epitaph
engraved on it, may be received into an English
, and Mr Murray, Governor of Quebec,
low it to be placed in the Uriuline church.
You will be pleased, Sir, to pardon me for this
trufion on your important occupations; but en
deavouring to immortalize illustrious men and emi-
ment patriots, is doing honour to yourself.—I am,
with refpeft, &c. DE BOUGAINVILLE.

Mr PITT's answer. SIR,

Tis a real fatisfaction to me to fend you the King's confent on a fubject fo affecting, as the Epitaph compofed by the academy of Inriptions at Paris for the Marquis de MONTCALM, and which it is defired may be fent to bec, engraved on marble, to be placed on he tomb of that illuftrious foldier. It is pery beautiful; and the defire of the French ps which ferved in Canada, to pay fuch a

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tribute to the memory of their general, whom
they faw expire at their head, in a manner wor-
thy of them and himself, is truly noble and
praife-worthy.

I shall take a pleasure, Sir, in facilitating, e
very way, fuch amiable intentions; and on no-
tice of the measures taken for fhipping this mar-
ble, I will not fail immediately to tranfmit you
the paffport you defire, and fend directions to the
Governor of Quebec for its reception.

I withal beg of you, Sir, to be perfuaded of my juft fenfibility to that fo obliging part of the letter with which you have honoured me, relating to myself, and to believe that I embrace as a happiness, the opportunity of manifefting the esteem and particular regard with which I have the honour to be, &c.

London, April 10. 1761.

The epitaph was as follows.

HIC JACET

W. PITT

Utroque in orbe æternum victurus
Ludovicus Jofephus de MONTCALM GOZON
Marchio Sancti Verani, Baro Gabriaci
Ordinis Sancti Ludovici Commendator
Legatus Generalis Exercituum Gallicorum
Egregius et Civis et Miles
Nullius rei appetens præterquam veræ laudis
Ingenio felici et literis exculto
Omnes Militia gradus per continua decora

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HISTORY.

FROM CONSTANTINOPLE, of Jan. 5. they write thus. "Upon the birth of a young prince, fon of the reigning Sultan, and heir to the Ottoman empire, who has been named Selim, we have had feven nights illuminations, and three fire-works exhibited on the fea."

On the 28th of January, the prefent Emperor of RUSSIA went, for the first time, to the fenate in ftate, and there declared the Ruffian nobility and gentry, who formerly were in a kind of flavery, to be free, and upon an equal footing with thofe of their rank in the other ftates of Europe; with liberty to ferve or not at their own choice; and with this only restraint, that they fhall not enter into the service of any foreign power, without the permiffion of their fovereign, When this was over, his Imperial Majefty made an irrevocable pragmatic fanc tion, by which falt is reduced to twentyfive copeks the pudd, and fixed at that as a ftanding price; which, though fome diminution to the revenue, will be greatly beneficial to the poor. The gentlemen of the British factory had the honour to be prefented to the Emperor, without any others with them, by Mr Keith, his Britannic Majesty's minister at Petersburg, and were moft graciously received; his Imperial Majesty declaring to them, in very obliging terms, that they might depend upon his protection. After that, the gentlemen belonging to all the other nations trading with Ruffa waited of him in a body. On the 17th of January the Czar went to Mr Keith's houfe, and ftaid with him half an hour. The 19th Mr Keith fupped at the Emperor's table; and the 20th his Imperial Majefty fupped with Mr Keith. A letter which the Emperor wrote, on his accellion to the throne, to the King of Pruffia, was couched in terms very friendly, and different from thofe generally used on the like occafions, when two fovereigns are at open war with one ano ther. The King, on his part, wrote back in a no lefs friendly manner, and baving conferred on his aid-de-camp, M. de Goltze, the rank of colonel, and made him one of his chamberlains, that gentleman fet out the 10th of February from Breslau for Petersburg, in order to make the proper compliment of condolence upon the demife of the late Emprefs, as well as of felicitation upon the

Great Duke's acceffion to the throne. The Count de Hordt, a Swedish noble

man, in the service of Pruffia, who was made prifoner by the Ruffian troops fome years ago, and afterwards closely confined [xxii. 25.], has not only been fet at liberty, but had the honour to dine at the table of the Emperor, who, on that occafion, prefented him with a rich fword. We were told, that but for the interest of his Imperial Majefty, then Great Duke, the Count, foon after his being taken, would have been delivered up to the court of Sweden; in which cafe he would furely have felt the effects of the fenate's refentment, for ferving on the fide oppofite to that which they had been on. In the London gazette we had the two fol. lowing articles.

66 Hamburg, Feb. 16. We are pretty certainly informed here, that notwithftanding there is as yet no agreement figned for a ceffation of arms between the Pruffians and Ruffians, that orders have, however, been fent, on the part of both courts, to cease committing of hostilities in Pomerania; and that all the Ruffian prifoners of war which were in the hands of the Pruffians, are actually on their march towards Stargard: nor is there any exchange to be made, the Rulians having promised to fet likewise at liberty all the Pruffian prifoners, which greatly exceed those of the Ruffians; the latter amounting, in number, but to between 3 and 4000 men, and those of the Pruffians to near 8000"

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Hamburg, Feb. 19. We learn, that his Pruffian Majefty has ordered all the recruits which have been raised in the principality of Zerbft, to be fent back; and likewife, that his Majefty has returned the contributions which have been made in that country. The Inhabitants, however, continue to furnith forage, &c. upon payment of ready money for the fame."

Nothing of much importance has happened in GERMANY fince our laft. They write from Saxony, that the Pruffians had abandoned Gera, Zeitz, Altenburg, and Naumburg, on the approach of a body of Auftrians, under Gen. Haddick.

From Silefia there is advice. that fome time ago there was a ceffation of hoftilities concluded for three months, between the commandant of Great Glogau and the Auftrian troops pofted along the Bober, under Gen. Beck.

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There was alfo one concluded between the

Feb. 1762.

Affairs in Germany and France.

the Pruffians and Swedes, till the fine weather comes on.

The Pruffians have demanded of Mecklenburg Swerin 2,100,000 crowns, 3000 recruits, 3000 horfes for their cavalry, and great quantities of all forts of provifions, to be fent to Stettin, under pain of military execution.

Several couriers have paffed of late between the court of Vienna and his Pruffian Majefty, which were generally faid to have been intended for bringing a bout an accommodation. Very late letters from Vienna advise, that the propofals made by the King had been, after mature deliberation, judged to be inadmiffible, and that upon this orders were given to all the officers to join their refpective regiments by the 4th of March. On the refignation of the Marfhal Count de Harrach, Marshal Daun is appointed prefident of the council of war. Who is to fucceed to his command in the Auftrian army, we have not yet heard.

Some time ago we had different accounts from FRANCE, bearing, that another attempt had been made against their King's life. The nature and iffue of the affair will be better learned by the following extract from an arret of the parliament of Paris, publifhed Feb. 1. than by any thing elfe we can expect. "Paul René du Truche de la Chaux, is hereby declared duly attainted and convicted of having, on the 6th of January, betwixt nine and ten in the evening, being then in actual service, and clothed in his uniform, put in execution, in the caftle of Versailles, while the King was at fupper, the deteftable project of making it believed, that he had been affaffinated by fome people who had formed a plot against the life of the King; for which purpose he had retired to one of the ftair-cafes of the faid caftle, where after having extinguished the light, and broke his fword, he ftabbed himself in feveral parts of the body with a knife, by which he himself was flightly wounded, though his cloaths were most terribly flafhed; that, after this, he had laid himself down on the ground, and called out vehemently for afliftance; that, upon the approach of two of the lifeguard-men, who came running on the alarm, he informed them, that they ought to be extremely watchful of the King's fafety, for that he had been affaffinated by two wretches, who had a defign upon his facred person; that VOL.XXIV.

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one of them was dreffed in an ecclefiaftical habit, the other in green; and added, that after they had demanded entrance to his Majefty, upon his refufal, they manifefted their bad intentions, by fay ing, that their motive was to deliver the people from oppreffion, and restore to its proper ftrength a religion almost annihilated: That the faid Paul René perfifted feveral days in this imposture, both verbally and judicially, which has very much troubled the public tranquillity, given the King reafon to fufpect the love and fidelity of his fubjects, and the people ground to be apprehenfive for the life of the King; and at the fame time been highly detrimental to feveral good citizens, who were arrested on fufpicion of being the aflatlins. For reparation of all which, the faid Paul René is hereby condemned, after having made the amende honourable, and confeffed his crime, while yet alive, to have his arms, legs, thighs, and reins, broke by the executioner, upon a fcaffold erected for that purpofe at the Greve; after which, his body fhall be placed upon a wheel, his face being turned towards heaven, there to remain, as long as it fhall please God. to preserve him alive,” &c. &c. &c.— This arret was put in execution on the 4th.

A pompous account of the zeal fhewn by French fubjects, for restoring the ma-rine of their nation, runs thus.

"Paris, Feb. 8. The King, agreeably to the defires of his fubjects, has ordered workmen to affemble, and materials of all kinds to be collected, in different ports, to build the veffels which have been complimented him by the ftates, cities, and bodies in this kingdom. The following is a lift of thefe veffels, with the ports in which they are to be fitted out.

Toulon. The Languedoc, of 80 guns, given to his Majefty by the states of Languedoc; the Zele, of 74 guns, by the receivers general of the finances; the Burgundy, 74, by the ftates of Burgundy; the Marseilles, 74, by the chamber of commerce of Marfeilles; the Union, 64, by united presents of different people.

Bourdeaux. The Utile and the Ferme, of 54 guns each, by the farmers-general; the Flamand, 54, by the states of Flanders; the Bourdelois, 54, by the parliament and city of Bourdeaux, and the province of Guienne.

Rochfort. The City of Paris, of 90 guns, by the city of Paris. P L'Orient.

L'Orient. The Diligent, 74 guns, by the regifeurs de la pofte; the Six-corps, by the fix bodies of merchants in Paris.

Breft. The St Elprit, of 80 guns, by the order of St Efprit; the Citoyen, 74, by the bankers of court, and the treafurers-general for the extraordinaries of war, artillery, and provifions for the ar

my.

Dunkirk. The Artefienne, 44, by the ftates of Artois.

Behold already fourteen fhips of the line, and a frigate, which the zeal of the nation has procured to the King; and this number must certainly every day be augmented by the noble emulation which at pretent reigns amongst all ranks.

The receivers of the taille in Dauphiny have agreed to furnish the fame fum with the receivers-general of this generality for conftructing a fhip of war. Those of Champagne have taken the fame refolution.

The chapter of the cathedral of Bourdeaux has contributed 10,000 livres for augmentation of the marine.

The Counts de Brionde have presented by the Abbe de Nozieres-Cotenge a fum proportioned to their abilities, for augmenting the marine.

The city of Clermond-Ferrand have refolved likewife to contribute a confiderable fum.

The ftates of the county of Bigorre have offered all the timber in the province, fit for building fhips, which they fhall be at the trouble and expence of conveying to the extremity of their country."

According to fome advices, the French navy of the line at present consists of one thip of 116 guns, three of 80, fifteen of 74, three of 70, nineteen of 64, three of 60, and three of 50, in whole 47. They write from Paris, of Feb. 8. that there were then eleven fhips of the line and four frigates at Toulon, waiting for orders to fail.

The differences between the Prince de Soubife, and the Marfhal Duke de Broglio, came to an open rupture in winter, when the feafon afforded them both an opportunity of being at court. It was for fome time thought, that the credit of the Marchionefs de Pompadour, patronefs of the former, was fallen fo low, that the latter would triumph over him. This was far from turning out to be the cafe. Both M. Broglio, and his brother the Count, have been banithed to their eftates in the country, and divefted of all their offices,

With respect to affairs in NORTH AMERICA, we have the following articles, "Charlestown, South Carolina, Dec. 23. The Lieutenant-Governor being indifpofed, and therefore not able to receive and give audience to the nine principal headmen of the Cherokee nation, who arrived here on Thursday the 10th inft. to ratify and confirm the articles of peace, his Honour defired the members of his Majefty's council to meet in the council-chamber; and being feated, Mr James Beamer was fworn interpreter. The Hon. Othniel Beale, Efq; then defired Mr Beamer to acquaint the Indians of the LieutenantGovernor's indifpofition, otherwise they would have been received immediately on their arrival. Attakullakulla was then afked, "If the articles he had agreed to in September last, and which were by him carried into the nation, had been well and truly interpreted to and fully underftood by all the head and principal men? if the fame had been approved of? and if the headmen now prefent, were come, agreeable to one of the faid articles, to enter into and execute a folemn treaty of peace?" Whereupon all the Indians made anfwer, That the faid articles had been truly interpreted to all the principal men in the nation who were at home when they were brought by Attakullakulla; that the fame were fully understood, and approved of; and that they were come, at the defire of the nation, to ratify the fame."

The treaty was accordingly ratified by the nine headmen, deputies from the nation for that purpose, by their putting their feveral marks and feals to the fame, and the Hon. Othniel Beale, with the Little Carpenter and the Prince of Chote, immediately went to his Honour the Lieutenant-Governor; and the Hon. Col. Beale reported, that his Honour had figned the faid treaty; and having fealed the fame with the great feal, there being two copies, they were interchangeably delivered, and the Indians declared their entire fatisfaction and approbation of the fame; and he having acquainted his Honour of the request thofe Indians had made of two or three of the Cherokee prifoners, taken by Col. Montgomery, being delivered to them, in confideration of the nine prifoners delivered up by the Little Carpenter fince the execution of the faid articles, the Lieutenant-Governor told them, that any two of the faid prifoners whom they fhould chuse, would be delivered to them before

Feb. 1762. A treaty between the British and Cherokees.

their departure from hence; with which they declared themselves well pleafed and fatisfied, and thereupon fhook hands and

withdrew.

On the final ratification of the treaty with the Cherokee Indians, the flag was difplayed, and nine guns fired from Granville's baftion.

Mr Andrew Williamfon, who came to town last week, informs us, that the former inhabitants of Long-Canes, NinetySix, Saluda, and Broad-River, are returned to their respective habitations, in confequence of the peace with the Cherokees. Mr Williamson further adds, that our frontiers are moftly refettled, and every thing in the back settlements wears a pleafing afpect. He says, many are fettling there, who were entirely unacquainted with thofe parts of the country before the late war."

"South Carolina, Dec. 30. 1761. The following is a copy of the

Treaty of peace and friendship, finally concluded and ratified between the Hon. William Bull, Efq; Lieutenant-Governor, and Commander in Chief, in and over his Majefty's faid province; and Attakulla kulla; Kittagufta, brother to the Great Warrior, commonly called the Prince of Chote; Skallilofki, of Stickowee, brother of Judd's Friend; Cappy, of Tomawtley, adopted fon of Old Hop; Anatoy, of Toquo, brother of the Round-0; Half Breed-Will of Noochafe; the Old War rior of Eftatoe, commonly called the Good Warrior; Tettatelafki of Settiquo; and Ottafite, the Man-killer of Keowee, headmen and deputies from the different fettlements of the Cherokee nation.

WH

Hereas certain articles of peace and friendship were entered into and executed by his Honour the Lieutenant-Governor, and the faid Attakullakulla, deuted and specially authorifed by the nations for that purpose, which faid articles bear date the 22d day of September last faft; and whereas, by the 12th article, it was ftipulated and agreed, that fome of the headmen from the Upper, the Valley, the Middle and Lower fettlements, hould come down to Charlestown, and confirm the several articles ftipulated as forefaid; and whereas the faid Attakulakulla has communicated the faid artides, which have been clearly interpreted to and fully understood and approved of by them, except the 5th article, which they defire may be fufpended: and the

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faid Attakullakulla, and the faid Kitta-
gufta, Skalliloki, Cappy of Tomawtley,
Anatoy, Half-Breed-Will, Old Warrior
of Eftatoe, Tettatelafki, and Ottafsite,
being come to Charlestown, in confequence
of the 12th article above mentioned, and
as fpecially authorifed and deputed by
their nation finally to ratify and confirm
the articles of peace and friendship en-
tered into as aforefaid: Now therefore
the Hon. William Bull, Efq; Lieutenant-
Governor, and Commander in Chief, of
his Majesty's faid province, in the name
of his Britannic Majefty, and in behalf of
his Majesty's fubjects; and Attakullakulla,
Kittagufta, Skallilofki, Cappy, Anatoy,
Half-Breed-Wilk, Old Warrior, Tetta-
telafki, and Ottallite, deputies from the
four different fettlements, in behalf of
the Cherokee nation, do hereby finally
ratify, establish, and confirm, the follow-
ing articles for reftoring peace and friend-
fhip, viz.

[The articles are verbatim as before in-
ferted [xxiii.662.], excepting that the 5th
article is now entirely left out, as here a-
bove mentioned; that in the 6th, which
is now the 5th, the words, "within the
limits of Twenty-fix mile river," are
changed into, "farther than forty miles
this fide of Keeowee;" and that an arti
cle is added, numbered the 12th, which
with the fubfcriptions, &c. follow, viz.]

the Cherokee nation fhall, within three
XII. All the English prifoners ftill in
months from the date hereof, be deliver-
ed to the commanding officer of Fort
Prince George; and all the Cherokee pri
foners taken by Col. Montgomery, thall
be delivered up; and thereupon goods
fhall be fent to Fort Prince George to fup-
ply the Cherokee nation upon the fame
terms as before the breaking out of the
war.

In teftimony whereof, both parties have
hereunto interchangeably fet their
hands; and I the faid William Bull have
caufed the great feal of this his Maje-
fly's faid province to be hereunto an-
nexed; and we the faid headmen have
hereunto let our feals, in the council-
chamber, this 18th day of December,
in the year of our Lord 1761, and in
the fecond year of his Majefty's reign.
WILLIAM BULL.
(LS) Skallilefki (L.S.)
(L.S.) Tettatelafki (LS.)

Attakullakulla
Kittagufta
Old Warrior of Elates (L.S.) Anatoy
Cappy
(L.S.) Ottafile
Half-Breed Will (L.S)
(The Great Seal)

(L.S.)

(L.S.)

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