SIR, London, Sept. 7. 1762. WHoever confiders the character of the Jefuits, at this day, the causes of their fall in Portugal and France, and the fate that feems ftill to await them, can fcarce fail to be ftruck by the following paflage in a fermon preached by Bronf well, Archbishop of Dublin, in 1558, when Laynez, General of the Society, and the immediate fucceffor of St Igna tius, had formed it into a mere political body. *་་་ Tranlation of a letter from the Empress of Rafi to M. d'Alembert, at Paris, whom She had invitel hufia to educate her fon. I Mr D' Alembret. Have just received the answer you wrote to M. Odar, in which you refule to tranfplant yourself to allift in the education of my fon. I easily conceive, that it colts a philofopher, like you, nothing to defpife what the world calls grandeur and honour: thele, in your eyes, are very little and I can readily agree with you that they are fo. Confidering things in this light, there would be nothing great in the behaviour of Queen Chriftina [of Sweden], which hath been fo highly extolled; and often cenfured with more justice. But to be born, and called to contribute to the happiness, and even the inftruction, of a whole nation, and yet decline it, is, in my opinion, refusing to do that good which you wish to do. Your philofophy is founded in a love to mankind: permit me then to tell you, that to refufe to ferve mankind, whilst it is in your power, is to mifs your aim. I know you too well to be a good man, to ascribe your refusal to vanity. I know that the fole motive of it is, the love of eafe and leifure, to cultivate letters, and the friendship of thofe you efteem. But what is there in this objection? Come, with all your friends: I promife both them and you every conveniency and advantage that depends upon me: and perhaps you will find more liberty and ease here, than in your native country. refuted the invitation of the King of Prutia, notwithstanding your obligations him: but that prince has no fon. I own to you, I have the education of my fon fo much at heart, and I think you fo necellary to it, that perhaps I prefs you with too much earnestness. Excufe my indifcretion for the fake of the occafion of it; and be affured that it is my esteem for you that makes me fo urgent. ↑ "There is lately rifen up a new fraternitv, a fociety of men called Fefuits, who fall feduce many people. They are actuated by the fpirit of the Scribes and Pharifees. They fhall employ all their talents to destroy the truth, and they fhall be near fucceeding. They are a generation who affume all fhapes. With Pagans, they will be Pagans; with Jews, Jews; with the Reformed, Reformed: Athiefts, with Athiefts; wholly to difcover your views, your defigns, your inclinations, the bottom of your hearts, to render you, in the end, like the fool who faid in his heart, There is no God. This fociety will be spread over the whole earth. They will be admitted into the counfels of princes, who will not be the wifer for fo doing. They will bewitch them fo far, as to oblige them to lay o pen their hearts to them, to intruft them with their greateft fecrets, even without perceiving it. They fhall be deceived in this fort for having forfaken the law of their God, neglected to follow the rules of the gospel, and fhut their eyes to the fins of their people. But in the end, to make known the righteoufnefs of his law, God fhall fpeedily extirpate this fociety, by the hands of those who protected it most, and who ferved themselves most by it fo that thele men fhall become odious to all nations, and be in a worfe condition than the Jews. They fhall no more have any fixed refidence on earth; and at that time You Moscow, Nov. 13. 1762. CATHERINE,, In this whole letter I have argued only from what I have found in your writings! you would not contradict yourself. A speech made by the Archbishop of Novo grod to Peter III. on the day of his accef fion to the throne of Ruffia. What mortal can fathom the depth of the defigns of Providence! who can pry into the impenetrable fanctuary of its decrees! The day on which the birth of JefuCshrift, the King of kings, [the Ruffians reckon by the old ftyle], filled the whole univerfe with joy; this day, dedicated to the transports of a holy exultation, fees us plunged into the profoundest grief. But, O Ruthia, admire at the fame time the ineffable goodness of the Almighty, and behold by what marvellous ways he manifefts his will to thee! He chutes his well-beloved fervant, the grandion and defcendent of the Ruffian monarchs, to reign over us: he places on the fovereign and hereditary throne of All the Rulias, the cherished Peter Federowitz, long ago appointed Emperor, the living image of Peter the Great, heir to his name and his virtues. Oh, what a happy viciflitude! Oh, what a fubject for rejoicing! Children of Rutlia, let us lift up our hearts to the Sovereign Monarch of the empires of the earth, in thanks and praise for fo great a blefling. O fortunate Ruffia! God has given thee the man whom he himself did chufe. He has ex alted the elected of his people. O beloved Prince, what fhall we offer you this day, when the Lord heaps upon us his most precious favours? Thofe virgins mentioned in the gospel, hearing the voice of Peter, will they not chearfully open their door? and we who behold you, and hear your voice, fhall we not open our mouth, to manifeft our joy? fhall we not open our hearts to difplay the love and fidelity with which they abound? We offer you nothing but what you have already acquired. Afcend, Sire, the throne of your ancestors, which we fecured for you by oath in 1742. Europe and Afia have acknowledged you for the Jawful pofleflor. May your reign be hap py! Be a powerful defender of this empire! Protect the Chriftian church, your mother, to whom the Holy Spirit has attached you. Be a father to the oppreffed, and a terror to evil-doers. Love honeft men; and let your eyes and hands be the inftruments of theie good works.. God of mercy, Father of all that is good, difpenfer of all confolations, thou thyfelf haft raised him to the throne of Ruffia; thou haft put the crown on his head, and the fceptre in his hand; thon haft intrufted Rumia, thine heritage, to his care Watch over him, over the Emprefs, and over the tender offspring of this illuftrious family. For ever drive 3way from them all enemies, visible and invisible. Give to the monarch fortitude! and prudence, to judge thy people ac cording to juftice. The hearts of kings are in the hands of God, Lord may his be ever in thine! We have feen a contreft || to this [488.]. The Marquis of Granby's letter of thanks to the British forces in Germany, dated, Munfter, Jan. i. 1763. Ord Granby hoped to have had it in his power to have feen and taken his leave of the troops, before their imbarka tion for England; but a severe illness having detained him at Warburg, and his prefent ftate of health obliging him to take another route, he could not leave this country without this public teftimony of his entire approbation of their conduct fince he has had the honour of commanding them. These fentiments naturally call for his utmost acknowledgments; he therefore res turns his warmest thanks to the generals, officers, and private men, compofing the whole British corps, for the bravery, zeal, difcipline, and good conduct he has conftantly experienced from every individual; and his moft particular and perfonal thanks are due to them for their ready obedience, upón all occafions, to fuch orders as his ftation obliged him to give. His best endeavours have always been directed to their good by every means in his power; and he has the fatisfaction to think he has fome reafon to flatter himself of their being convinced, if not of the efficacy, at least of the fincerity of his intentions, if he may judge by the noble return their behaviour has made him; a behaviour that, while it fills him with gratitude, has endeared them to their king and country, and has covered them with glory and honour. Highly fènfible oftheir merit, he thall continue, while he lives, to look upon it as much his duty, as it will for ever be his inclination to give them every poñible | proof of his affection and esteem; which he should be happy to make as apparent as their valour has been, and wil be confpicuous and exemplary to after ages. T pp.1762. A feemingly cruel order in Chi II's time explained. 699 To the author of the SCOTS MAGAZINE, SIR, 1 Dec. 28. 1762. WHen the compilers of narratives meet with imperfect materials, or depend on relations made by those who do not exactly understand the fubject, or fome times when they leave out circumstances foreign to their principal purpofe, they hew matters in very fallacious lights, and other people are led to make rafth judg ments. You have given us, in yours of November laft, an extract from Creichton's memoirs [592.], copied, I fuppofe, from one of the Reviews*, with a fevere obfervation. The Reviewer had no reason to fuppofe the proceeding illegal, becaufe Creichton did not attend to what he did not understand, nor thought himself concerned in. There is no reason to doubt, that Macintosh had the decree of a proper court, either a declarator, [a judgment on the brieve of right], or an adjudication, [an extent, making over to him the estate for debt], and thereupon an ejection, [an ejectment], which the fheriff of Inverness, with all his officers, would not be able to execute without affiftance; fo that the order to the foldiers was only to allift the execution of the civil procefs, in a country where the civil power was too weak. "fale, in due form of law, made by authority of the Lords of Seffion, and that effected not without blood When Capagh became actually a rebel, there remained only to treat him as fuch; and thereupon proceeded the fecond order, viz. letters of fire and fword, a known writ iflued by the privy council against fuch as refifted the law. This Creichton, according to his apprehenfion, calls an order, to deftroy man,woman, and child. But he does not fay they killed any body, only deftroyed the houses and corns; that is, on Macintosh's eftate, violently poffeffed by Capagh. I deny not that the law may be made an inftrument of oppreffion: but it ought not to be prefumed to have been fo; much lefs proceedings to have been irregular in form, a cafe which happens fel. domer then the other, when a circumftance, probably omitted, easily clears up the whole. We have had an instance fince, the revolution, of employing military force to put a purchafer in pofleflion of an eftate, in the low country, bought at a public [This extract was taken from the Gentle. man's Magazine, though, by an oversight, omite ted to be fo marked.] Writers, and especially hiftorians, are in the right to praise or blame as they fee caufe; but they ought to, endeavour to be informed of the fact, and all its circumftances; in a word, they ought first to understand, and then judge. Having found fault with the Reviewer, I will now take notice of a like mistake in a writer of a higher clafs, and whose works are like to go further, and last longer. The Rev. Dr Robertfon, in his hiftory, calls the execution of Mr Wishart illegal. I own it was unjuft; for Mr Wilhart fhould not have been deemed a Heretic: but it was not illegal; for the Proteftant principles were then held to be Herefy, and Herefy was a capital crime. If we may guefs at the Doctor's meaning, he seems to fuppofe Mr Wishart was not delivered over to the fecular arm, becaufe our hiftorians have not faid it, but executed by order of Cardinal Bethune. But he ought not to have fupposed this, because our hiftorians have done what the beft might have done, omitted a circum ftance of course, The Cardinal would not violate the Canon law, nor go out of the way, when it lay plain before him: he was in no want of a fecular arm to deliver over the heretic to; both the Archbishop and Prior of St Andrew's had regalities [rights of jurifdi&tion in capital cafes] within their benefices; and though the Cardinal himfelf could not pronounce fentence, his bai lie could, and he could name the bailie.' I am, &c. [In answer to a note on our December cover, defiring to be favoured with an account of the names of the perfons concerned in this affair, the time, place, and other circumstances, our correfpondent fays, "The fact is only known by tradition; and to mention perfons names, might be difpleafing to their children, (who are yet a live, and of refpectable characters), on account of an unhappy accident of a man being killed at taking poffeffion of the mansion-house.”] to move compaflion in his behalf, must be his condemnation. For we are told, "that in every other part of his life he hath in truth a most respectable character;" the meaning I fuppofe to be, that he is, as it is commonly exprefled, a good moral man. So much the worie: the better an Infidel is, the greater ought to be his punithment; the goodness of his life will enable him to propagate the doctrines of damuation with more fucceis. Befides, however strange it may feem, it is an undoubted truth, that the more good works fuch a man does, the more fins he commits; and that his guilt increales in proportion to the appearance of his virtues. I believe you will not defire a more convincing proof of this, than I fhall give you from art. 13. of our most excellent church. "Works done before the grace of Christ, and inspiration of his Spirit, are not plealant to God: forafmuch as they fpring not of faith in Jetus Chrift. Yea rather, for that they are not done as God hath commanded and willed them to be done, we doubt not that they have the nature of fin." By works, I humbly conceive all forts of works to be meant, good as well as bad: the expreflion is general and unlimited. Befides, no body, I prefume, ever imagined, that bad works had not the nature of fin: to have affirmed folemnly that they had, would have been like lay ing, that it is day at noon. Many weak men indeed have thought, that Heaven looks down with approlation even on vir tuous Heathens; and it became well the wifdom of the venerable fathers of our church, to condemn fo fatal an error. From hence I discover the reasonable nefs of this orthodox doctrine, That the devil gives Infidels and Heretics, leave.to lead good lives, that they may decoy os thers into the gulf of perdition. Satan must be a fool, indeed, to let every body fee his cloven foot. May we not go farther, and fay, that the devil tempts Unbelievers to commit thole good works which have the nature of fin, and helps to deck them with thofe virtues which will only fink them deeper in hell?- Yours, &c. R. A. Nothing is pleaded, in the Magazine referred to, in mitigation of the offender's GUILT; his CRIME is held in abhorrence by the edi tois: but the man has erred, has confefled his error, and, in appearance, repented; fo far therefore, as that repentance is fincere, we have a Chriftian hope that he will find mercy. Gent. Mag.. SIR, YOU are defired to contradict, in the moft folemn and authentic manner, a copy of a pretended letter from his Prullian Majefty to Count Finck, containing reflections as falfe as injurious on No 919. [607.] no fuch letter having the Emprels of Rutlia, inferted in your ever exifted. This is a piece of juftice ceis, for whom his Pruilian Majesty has you owe the public and this great Printhe greatest and moft fincere regard. The precedig anonymous letter, which was fent to the publ.her of this paper yesterday, we give verbatim, not knowing from what auLoud. Chron. Dec. 23. thority it comes. A proclamation which was published, Aug. 25. 1762, at Freyberg in Saxony, by the Pruffian commandant Gen. Schwerin. Whereas I have been informed, that fome of the inhabitants of Frey May I now take it for granted, that Annett's good works were done before the grace of Chrift, and inspiration of his Spirit! I apprehend, this is a point you will not dispute with me; and this being allowed, I will not thank you for admit-berg, and pa ticularly certain merchants, ting the conclufion, that they are fins, have taken it into their heads to forge, (for fuch furely they must be, if they and publish for true, reports to the difhave the nature of fin); and, confe- advantage of the arms of Pruflia; I declare, by thefe prefents, that the first quently, the more good works have apwho fhall dare to utter one fentence, eipeared in his past life, the more fins e has to anlwer for. Shall I flatter myself ther to the difadvantage, or the advantoo much, Mr Urban, if I call this de- tage, of the Pullian arins, fhall be taken monftration? up and punished as a (pv. I fhould therefore, out of pity to the foul of this Infidel, hope that many virtuous deeds cannot be laid to his charge. May thole which he has been guilty of be buried in everlasting oblivion! may they never rife in judgment against him! It is an indecency not to be fuffered, for burghers to prefume to talk of ftateaffairs, in which auch pitiful creatures can do neither good nor harm: they only expofe their ill intentions: but I thail certainly employ rigorous methods to make App.1762. Pretender's fon. Highlanders. Muffel-malady. Ships loft. 701 I make an example in terrorem. Every Extract of a letter from an officer, to his friend a' Some days ago I was in company with the Scotch Higianders; a people totally different in their drefs, language, manmers, and tempers, from the other inhabitants of Britain. They are caught in the mountains when young; and still run with a surprising degree of fwiftnefs. As they are ftrangers to fear, they make very good foldiers when diiciplined. The men are of low ftature, and the most of them old or very young. They difcover an extraordinary fubmillion to, and affection for their officers, who are all young and handsome. From the goodness of their difpofitions in every thing; for the boors are much better treated by those half-favages, than by the polished and civilized French and English; from the goodnels of their difpofition, I say, which, by the by, fhews the rectitude of human nature before it is vitiated by example or prejudice, it is to be hoped, that their king's laudable, though late endeavours, to civilize and inftruct them in the prin ciples of Christianity, will meet with fuccefs. A Frenchman feems to be their natural antipathy; they could not look at any of our prisoners here directly, but fide-wife, and even that with the strongeft exprellion of indignation and averfion." The French held them at first in great contempt; but they have met with them fo often of late, that they firmly believe that there are twelve battalions of them in our army. Broglio himfelf has lately faid, That he once willed he was a man reconciled to his fize, fince he has feen fix feet high, but that now he is perfectly the wonders performed by those little men. Afpecific, lately difcovered in Holland, for the alarming malady which sometimes happens upon eating muffels, attributed commonly to little animats called crabs, but really occafioned by a poi fonous quality in the muffel. Take two fpoonfuls of fallad oil, and mix it well with a spoonful of juice of lemon; or, if that cannot be had, with fomewhat more than a spoonful of white-wine vinegar; and fwallow it as foon as poffible: which will very speedily remove all the symptoms. Lafs of foips during the war. In the courfe of the war we have taken from the French 18 ships of the line, and 36 frigates, and destroyed 14 thips and 13 frigates, and they have lot by accidents hips and 6 frigates; fo that on the whole their navy has been de |