made to brave a defence, from an imagi nation that his Prufian Majefty raifes re cruits with much more difficulty than the does. Mean while fome hundreds of the private men have voluntarily entered into the Prufian fervice. An article we formerly gave from the London gazette bore, that the King had detached from the army under his immediate command twenty-fix battalions and feventy fquadrons, to reinforce that under his brother Pr. Henry. A later account, in the fame paper, made the detachment confift of only twenty battalions and forty five fquadrons; and told us that it was led by Lt. Gen. Neuwiedt.

fides of the Ohme in Hre, without gi-, fit to exchange thofe troops, though they ving one another much molestation; while afeparate body of the former was vigo roylly carrying on the fiege of Cafiel, capital of that landgraviate. The accounts of fcarcity of provifions in the garrilon, had been much exaggerated. On the ift of November the city was furrendered by capitulation; the garrifon to march out with all the honours of war, and be conducted by the nearest road to his Moft Chriftian Majefty's army, with two pieces of cannon 12 pounders, and one 4 pounder, in honour of Baron Diethach, the commandant, and all the effects be longing to the officers and troops. It was allo agreed, that every conveniency fhould be granted for the fick who could. not be carried off, and those who attend. ed them. The garrifon actually marched out the 4th, leaving behind them effects belonging to the French King, for a large fum of money. The fiege of Ziegenhayn was afterwards begun; but both Pr. Ferdinand and the French Marthals having received advice, that preliminaries of peace between G. Britain, France, Spain, and Portugal, had been figned, the following convention was agreed upon.

I. There shall be a fufpenfion of arms. between the troops on both fides on the day of the fignature and ratification of the prefent convention, and as foon as poffible between the most diftant detached parties.

II. There fhall be a line formed between the two armies, the centre of which fhall be the I ahn from its fource to its junction with the Ohme, and from thence along that river to Merlau. This line shall extend as far as Nehem upon the Roer, by Uuna, Dormund, Halteren, and Coesfeld, and terminate at the frontiers of the United Provinces.

III. The French garrison at Ziegen hayn, fhall remain quiet, and pay ready money for every thing they may stand in need of, till fuch time as they evacuate the town. A place fhall be aligned to cut wood, with which they fhall be furnished at the current price of the country."

Late advices bear, that the hereditary Prince of Brunswick was perfectly reco vered of his wound, and was going abroad, to the great joy of thofe under his command, to whom he has always thewn himtelf a friend and a father.

By our laft accounts of Silefia, Schweidnitz had furrendered to the Profans, the Aufirian garriton being made prisoners of war The Emprefs Queen has not thought VOL. XXIV.

We now turn to Saxony, where the Auftrians gained a considerable advantage over the Pruffians the 15th of October. On the 29th of that month, at day-break, Pr. Henry attacked the united armies of Auftrians and Imperialifts, commanded by the Prince of Stolberg, in the absence of Gen Haddick, who was gone to Drefden. The action lafted till two o'clock in the afternoon, when the enemy was obliged to quit the field of battle, and the town of Freyberg. The prisoners made by the Prufians confifted of one lieutenant general Baron Rodt, 98 commiflioned officers, 159 non commiflioned officers, and 4174 private men: the artillery and trophies confifled of twenty-feven pieces of cannon, with nine ftandards and colours. The circumstances which rendered this victory the more glorious, were, that Pr. Henry had with him but a part of his troops, the corps under Gen. Hullen having only made fome movements to facilitate the operations of his Royal Highneis; and that the reinforcement under the Count de Neuwiedt had got no farther the day of the battle than the neigh bourhood of Groffenhavn. So far from accounts given in two different London gazettes. The following is verbatim from the fame paper, of a later date.

"Pruffian camp at Voigh/dorff, Nov. 5. The 311 of October, two days after the battle of Freyberg, the Prince of Stolberg received a reinforcement of five regiments, which joined him at Frauenftein, where the Emprefs's army was re-aflembled. Pr. Albert of Saxony commanded this reinforcement.

The 1ft of this month Count Neuwiedt arrived at Katzenbaufen and at Meilen, with the body of troops which he had brought from Silefia into Saxony; he took 4 L

the

Nor 1762.

Affairs in Italy Portugal, &c

im the Bastile, no less than a dozen of heads having been struck off at once; and that there are three new prifoners just lodged there. st reau sa aj 2v26) M. de Lally, who commanded the French troops at Pondicherry, was arrested the 4th of this month, the day after figning the preliminaries. It could not be done fooner, becaule he was a prifoner of war to the English. van * qui si tris The trial of the intendant of Canada is finished. He was condemned to be hanged; but the King has commuted the punishment of the gibbet into that of perpetual imprisonment.

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We learn from Cherburg, that in the night between the 27th and 28th of October, another buricane drove afhore nine of the King's fhips which had put into the toad of that port in their way from Caen to Breft. Four of thofe hips are entirely beat to pieces. The five others remain ed whole when the account came away, but it was feared it would be impoffible to relieve them. There were not above three or four feamen or foldiers drownede yan.co ha

By letters from ROME we learn, that the holy office had just prohibited, under the pain of excommunication, the imporfation of two books printed in Holland, and written by the celebrated M. de Rouffeau; pone his well known treatife on education; the other a difquifition upon nature. The following is an extract of a letter from a Scots gentleman at Rome, to his friend, dated Sept. 18. 1762.

the feelind was with the greatest iustic, voted to Mr Byres, and the third to a French man. This taft happened to be a great favourite and relation of Cardinal Collonna, whofe intereft is very great here, and he used it to fuch purpose with his fellow-academicians, that he prevail ed on them to give him the second prize, and Mr Byres the third. But now the fubjects are expofed, the impartial public ha e unanimoufly done Mr Byres the ju ftice to adjudge him the fecond prize, and the Cardinal's favourite the third. The prizes are all equal, each of the Ho norati having two filver medals, the one, gilt, the other plain, weighing three ounces, with a motto, Virtutis ampliffimum præmium eft gloria.

Mr Byres has been here these five years' ftudying painting, in which he fucceeds to admiration, and will infallibly make a great figure in that art, if he lives; and was only pushed to concur for the prize" in this clafs of Architecture, by a laudable, ambition to maintain the honour of our country at this concourfe, as you know our countryman Mr Milne got the præmium at the concourfe four years ago." [xx. 550.1.

With refpect to the SPANIARDS and PORTUGUESE, we take the following ar•, ticles from the London Gazette.

Hague, Nov. 5. Some letters from Tarreda, the Spanish camp in the kingdom of Portugal, dated the 13th paft, mention, that the difficulty of making the roads paffable for their artillery, and the great fcarcity of forage between that place and, Abrantes, kept them ftill in the fame fi tuation, having Villa Velha on their left, Sebrea Formosa in the front, and the main body at Tarreda."

The attention of all the people of rank here, both natives and strangers, has of late been ingroffed, by what they call the Concourfe, which is a competition for the prizes bestowed by the academi- "Li bon, Oct. 27. The furprife ofthe Spa cians on thofe who excel in the fine arts, nifh cavalry at Villa Velha, on the 6th inand this happens every fourth year. You ftant, effectually defeated the fcheme the may believe I was very happy in being enemy had of palling over the Tagus into refent, and it is now juft over. Archi- the province of Alentejo, and the heavy, ecture is the first and most honourable rains which have fince fallen, have obli-, dafs of the fine arts: the fubject propo- ged them to retire from Castello Branco, fed in it for this concourfe, was a Royal and repafs the mountains which feparate Palace fortified on the beft principles in the provinces of Fremadura and Beira. the modern way. Of all the concurrents The advices from the army of the 20th, in this clafs, there were only three who as fent by Marshal Count de la Lippe, obtained prizes, and thereby got the title from Lord Loudoun, and from General Safes Honorati. But what gave me the Townfhend, all agree in the enemy's evacuated the province of

greatest pleasure, and interested me most having entirely And letters of the fame,

in this affair, was, that a young gentleman of our country, Mr James Byres, was one of the three Honorati. A Spa nifht gentleman obtained the firft prize, whey, as all the world agree, deserved it

Eftremadura.

date, from Lord George Lenox at Guar da, mention, that his Lord hip hader tain intelligence that the Spands had blown up the walls of Cat Rodrigo, 4 L

and

as they have done thofe of Almeida, feems ingly with the fame intent,

and were mining those of Caftello Borripp that were fit for service amounted to av bout 7000. Provisions had bilen' to much, that for what used to be fold for two or three reals, they asked ten den or twelve, and a fcarcity "Was apprehended. Several members of the Havannah company were refolved to complain to the court of Lon don, that the goods had been taken out of their hips which were in the harbours alledging that they had the fame right as all the other inhabitants to keep their ef fects." tu gain to antud mor's towel

Lord George Lenox is at Guarda, as a bove; Colonel Hamilton, with his regi, ment of light horfe, is at St Vincente de Beira; Lieutenant-General Townshend, at Pamphilhofa upon the river Zizare; the Earl of Loudoun, with four English regiments, at St Domingo; and the Marhal Count de la Lippe at Sardoal, a few leagues from Abrantes. Brigadier Bur goyne remains in the fame pofition be tween Nifa and Villa Velha. This is the prefent fituation of the army. But it is looked upon in general, that the campaign is over for the winter, the enemy not being able to make any progrefs in this feafon, through fuch a mountainous country. Basso Hague, Nov. 16. By the best accounts from Spain it appears, that their army in Portugal had been obliged to retire for want of fubfiftence, and run a great risk of being deftroyed by the overflowing of the Tagus Both the officers and private men are in the most diftreffed fituation, almost without meat, drink, bor cloaths. The letters add, that the Spaniards are in a worse condition than the French; and that the whole army was marching towards Eftremadura."

They write thus from Bofton, capital of New-England in NORTH AMERICA, sof Aug. 260/66 Yesterday feveral hips, fnows, Ge. arrived in this port. Nine of them were from Halifax, and had on board above 700 French neutrals (commonly fo called) that were collected from feveral parts of Nova Scotia, and fent hi

ther.

Concerning the WEST INDIES we have the following advices.

Havannah, Sept. 23. Things now go on here quiet and ealy. The Spaniards are brought into pretty good order, and have no reason to complain of any hard hips be ing put upon thein by their conquerors. A fmall detachment of 3 or 400 men, under Major Moneypenny, fails in a day or two to reduce the Matanzas, an incon fiderable government, but independent of the Havannah, about twenty leagues from hence,

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bus 17q llami abast Charlestown, South Carolina, Oct2. Several effels have arrived here this week from the Havannah, by which we learn, that a late difcovery had been nade of 800 chefts of money concealed under a terras in the governor's castle; that the Moro cattle, and other works of most importance, were repairing with all poffible diligence; that fcarce any any of the cannon there, which were all brals, were found ferviceable when the cattle was formed; that the Spanish men of war funk in the entrance of the harbour, had not yet been weighed; and that there were on the 12th ult. at least 500 fail of vessels in the Havannah, including men of war, transports, and prizes.". anton si bod,976? Copy of a letter from Lord Colville, 'commander in

chief of his Majesty's fhips in North America, to Mr Clevland. Dated on board the Northamberland, in › St John's harbour, Newfoundland. Sept. 2001762. [556.] CIGW wau diw

Cadiz, Nov. 5. On board one of the cartel ships which arrived the 25th past from the Havannah, was Capt. Reinaud, of the St Francis of Marfeilles; who fays, SAR is builty w 200 ɔail guide >>>that the Moro, and all the other little Had the honour of fending you an account of forts, were mere heaps of flones, inter-my proceedings until the 18th of Auguft, by mixed with balls, bombs burft or whole, a veffel which failed from Placentia for England • broken carriages, guns difinounted or o at that time; and on the 22d I failed with his verturned, but the infide of the place has Majefty's fhips the Northumberland, Antelope, Taffered very little. The governor, Hovedson Gofport, and Syren, and the King George, be2ad encourage the habitants, gave double longing to the province of Maflachufett's Bay. pay to thofe who were employed on the On the 25th we chafed a fchooner off St John's, and took her close to the harbour's mouthq She and in the defence of the place. had been an English privateer, taken by the eneFo the east of the Moro, Capt Reinaud, my, had eight carriage-guns mounted, and was faw a yat quantity of balls, bombs, and manned with 30 Frenchmen, commanded by an other implements of war, that were left enlign de vanfeaua jadi bine codul 12 (07) when the place funrendered He fays, that. The enemy had fent away great part of the galwhen ba name,away! the English troops sinhabitants of St John's, men, worgen, candrahildren,

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dren by giving them vessels and provisions to carry!; qui neɩng me with his dreital pati Halifaxson thes them where they pleased Two of these a loop 25th of Augulf, his departure from thence on 15@ and a fenooner we met with on the coast, and, ift of eptember, and why intention to, carli took twenty-three Irishmen that were ingle men at Louisburg for the troops there, and then pro out of them to replace in part the marines of the red round Cape Kace, to join me on this coaf, fquadron that were left in garrifon at Placentia Upon receipt of thefe letters, I icon the dop and the ifle of Boys Thef Irishmen faid, hat which brought them to look out for Col, Ame if I would go into the bay of Bulls numbers of herit and the transports off Cape Race, and in their countrymen would refort to me, and enter order to join them the fooner, to concert, in cas on board the squadron. But during two days which fares for the ensuing operations, before the enemy I ftaid in that bay, not a man joined me: the could have notice of their arrival, 1 dropped few inhabitants that remained there, quictly fol down with the fquadron to Cape Broyle. But lowed their business of fishing, and it is pffible Mr Gill of St John's, who had been sent out of the enemy prevented any others at st John's from the town in a cartel-fchooner two days before, coming fr blending off advice from Ferryland, that he was fore the enemy intended to fail in a very litle time, I returned with the squadron to our station off St John's.

M Garland and Mr Davis, two of the prio cipal inhabitants of Harbour Grace and Carbone ra, in Conception bay, having a quainted me, that a number of men in their neighbourhood were willing to forve in the fquadron during the prefent exigency, I sent the armed schooner for them, and the returned with fifty men, which I have diftributed among the ships And the fame gentlemen reprefenting that the enemy fometimes fends fmall parties by land to Portugal cove, which have threatened to moleft them in fhailops from that place, de fired, in behalf of themfeives and all their neighbours, that the fchooner might be ftationed in Conception bay, for their protection and defence; which request I complied with.

* khe island of Carbonera, in Conception bay, has had no other garrifon for many years, but a few old men of the artillery, to take care of the guns and ordnance-itores. Had fome of the inhabitants of the adjacent coaft taken post here, they might easily have defended it against any force, as the inland is inacceffible on all fides except one narrow landing-place, and no fafe road, in the neighbourhood for great fhips; but the eBemy landed in boats, and deftroyed the whole without refiftance. And the ifle of Boys near Ferryland, would probably have fhared the fame fate, had it not been poffeffed in due time by the Syren's marines.

On the 11th we were joined by Col. Amberft with the troops in ten transport-vellels; and I propofed Torbay as the propereft place to land at. It is to the northward of St John's, abont feven miles by land, and the roads pretty good: but the bay is not reckoned fate anchorage, being open to the easterly winds, which ufually begin to prevail at this feafon. By one of the transports from New York I received a duplicare, the original not yet come to hand, of their Lordships order of the 7th of June, directing me to repair myself, or fenda fufficient force, to enable Capt. Graves of the Antelope, to defeat the defigns of the fquadron commanded by M. de Ternay.

On the 12th we proceeded to Torbay. I fent Capt. Douglas in the Syren to anchor with the tranfports, accompanied by the boats of the fquadron, and a number of fhallops, or fishingboats, which I had collected from different parts for the King's fervice. With the rest of the fhips I returned to my station clofe to St John's harbour. Next morning Col. Amherst landed with the troops in the head of the bay, having only four men wounded from a diftant bush-firing of the enemy. He marched directly to Kit ty Vitty, and made himselt master of that important poft in the evening, without having a man killed, and only two or three wounded. Every thing belonging to the army, was carried from Torbay to Kitty Vitty in shallops, escorted by boats from the squadron. And this fervice was conducted with diligence and care, by Mr Dugdale, my first lieutenant, Capt. Douglas having joined the fquadron again. The enemy's fleet was to have failed the morning I pafled the harbour with the tranfports, and 300 men only were to be left in St John's for the winter; but 2nd On the 8th of September I received, by a floop upon feeing us, they landed the grenadiers again. Briexpress from Halifax, letters from Sir Jeffery AmThe 15th it blew ftrong from E to E. S. E. arberhat New York, acquainting me, that he had with thick fainy yweather. In the evening vedme to a refolution to fend a body of troops, in wind thifted to the wellward, light breezes, and as orden tas diflodges the enemy as foon as poffible thick fog. At his next morning, it being calm, from St John's; and that Lt Col. Amherst was with a great Iwell, we faw from the mall head, ɔfoocommand these troops!«. The famed convey but could bring them down no lower than 'halt lance brought me losters from Col. Amberst, ac-way the top, mast shrouds, four fail, 'bearing 091b

In frequently paffing the barbour's mouth of St John's, we could plainly fee that the fort, which fronts the entrance, was fortified alt round with new works; and that a redoubt, or fome. thing like one, was raised at the lule harbour of To Kitty Vittyy The old battery at the fouth fide ydof the harbour's mouth was repaired with addition bnal works, and a new one erected on the fame fide Shearer the entrance. All these were to be feen >from the fea; and I could not learn that the eshemy intended any thing more than the finishing ytheter works linty, team

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