(1) So named by Riolanus, from reala, on account of its quadrilateral fhape. Columbus and others give it the name of cucullaris, from its refemblance to a monk's hood.

(m) The tendinous fibres of this muscle, united with those of its fellow in the nape of the neck, form what is called the ligamentum colli.

(n) This muscle confifts of two diftinct portions, which are described as separate mufcles by Albinus, under the names of rhomboideus minor and rhomboideus major.

(o) According to fome writers, this muscle has gotten its name from its resemblance to the fpleen; others derive it from fplenium splint.

(p) So named on account of its complicated ftructure.

(q) So named from its origin from the neck (reanos) and its infertion into the maftoid procefs.

(r) Several thin fafciculi of fleshy fibres arife from the lower ribs, and terminate in the inner fide of this muscle. Steno names them mufculi ad Jacro-lumbalem accefforii. The facro lumbalis likewife fends off a fleshy flip from its upper part, which by Douglas and Albinus is defcribed as a diftinct muscle, under the name of cervicalis defcendens. Morgagni has very properly confidered it as a part of the facro-lumbalis.

(s) At the upper part of this muscle a broad thin layer of fleshy fibres is found croffing, and intimately adhering to it. This portion, which is defcribed by Albinus, under the name of transverfalis cervicis, may very properly be confidered as an appendage to the longiffimus dorfi. It arifes from the tranfverfe procelles of the five or fix dorsal vertebræ, and is inferted into the tranfverfe proceffes of the fix inferior cervical vertebræ. By means of this appendage the longiffimus dorfi may serve to move the neck to one fide, or obliquely backwards.

(t) Anatomifts in general have unneceffarily multiplied the mufcles of the fpine. Albinus has the merit of having introduced greater fimplicity into this part of myology. Under the name of multifides fpina, he has very properly included thofe portions of mufcular fefh intermixed with tendinous fibres, fituated clofe to the back part of the fpine, and which are defcribed by Douglas under the names of tranfverfus colli, dorfi, & lumborum.

(u) The ancients gave it this name from its refemblance to an irregular triangle (onaλnvos). It confifts of three flefly portions. The anterior one affords a paffage to the axillary artery, and between this and the middle portion we find the nerves going to the upper extremities. The middle is in part covered by the pofterior portion, which is the longeft and thinneft of the three.

(x) In the generality of anatomical books we find thefe mufcles divided into inter-fpinales cervicis, dorf, and lumborum, but we do not find any fuch mufcles either in the loins or back.

(y) Thefe mufcles are to be found only in the neck and loins; what have been defcribed as the inter-tranfverfales dorfi being rather fmall tendons than mufcles.

(z) This and the following pair of mufcles derive their name of gous from yox, lumbas, on ac

count of their fituation at the anterior part of the loins.

(a) So called from its fhape which is that of an irregular fquare.

(b) Some of the fibres of this muscle are united with thofe of the levator ani, fo that it affifts in clofing the lower part of the pelvis.

(c) So named from its fuppofed resemblance to the Greek A reversed.

(d) This and the following pair are called teres, from their being of a long and round fhape. (e) This muscle affords a paffage to the mufcu lo-cutaneous nerve.

(f) So called from afxwv, cubitus.

(g) Between the two origins of this muscle we find the ulnar nerve going to the fore-arm.

(b) The aponeurofis palmaris is a tendinous membrane that extends over the palm of the hand. Some anatomifts have fuppofed it to be a production of the tendon of this muscle, but without fufficient grounds; for in fome fubjects we find the palmaris longus inferted wholly into the annular ligament, fo as to be perfectly diftinct from this aponeurofis; and it now and then happens that no palmaris longus is to be found, whereas this expanfion is never deficient.

(i) This muscle is named perforatus, on account of the four tendons in which it terminates, being perforated by thofe of another mufcle, the perforans.

(k) So named from their being shaped fomewhat like the lumbricus or earth-worm.

(1) Fallopius was the firft who remarked the two oppofite ufes of this mufcle. Their extending power is owing to their connection with the extenfor communis.

(m) The third. interoffeus internus (for there are four of the externi and three of the interni) differs from the reft in drawing the middle finger from the thumb.

(n) From yλres, nates.

(0) So named from its pear-like fhape.

(p) The two portions of this muscle having been defcribed as two diftinct muscles by fome anatomifts, have occafioned it to be named gemini. The tendon of the obturator internus runs be tween these two portions.

(4) That this muscle is not of the fquare shape, its name feems to indicate.

(r) The mufcles of the leg and thigh are covered by a broad tendinous membrane called faf cia lata, that furrounds them in the manner of a fheath. It is fent off from the tendons of the glutai and other mufcles, and dipping down be tween the mufcles it covers, adheres to the linea afpera, and spreading over the joint of the knee, gradually difappears on the leg. It is thickest on

the infide of the thigh.

(s) The tendon of this mufcle forms the outer ham-firing.

(4) So named on account of its origin, which is by a broad flat tendon three inches long.

(u) Spigelius was the firft who gave this the name of fartorius, or the taylor's mufcle, from its ufe in croffing the legs.

(x) The valtus externus, vaftus internus, and cruraus, are fo intimately connected with each other, that fome anatomifts have been induced to

confider