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of the mightiest efforts of human genius, 145. General diffin
of knowledge- -one of its most striking characteristics, 147.
Freedom of the press, 148. Altered condition of authors in the
present day, 149. General demand for books, 150. Education
of the female sex, 151. Female authors, 152. Bold and fear-
less speculation of the present age, 153. Salutary effects of the
spirit of free inquiry, 154. In Jurisprudence, 155. In Legislation
and Political Economy, 156. In Medicine, 157. In Theology,
157. In Metaphysics, 159. In General Literature, 159. Er-
rors into which the spirit occasionally leads, 161. Innovation
not necessarily improvement, 161. Propensity to disparage clas-
sical learning, 163. Importance of this branch of study-its ad-
vantages, 164. Objections against it considered, 165. Undue
demand for excitement-prejudicial to the literature of the age,
167. Hasty productions of the works of many distinguished
authors, 169. Duty of America in all that regards literature and
science, 171. Deficiency of American Literature, 173. Motives
for exertion, 174. Eulogium on Adams and Jefferson, 175.
Conclusion, 178.
DISCOURSE II.
Attainments of the age to be valued by their effects on human hap-
piness and virtue, 183. Many studies not to be deemed useless,
whose contributors to these great interests are indirect, 184.
These pursuits give employment to whole classes in the subordi- nate arts, 185. Superior attachment of the present age to prac- tical over speculative science, 186. History of the Steam-engine,
187. Improvement of Chemistry by the inductive method of Bacon,
191. General change in the objects and pursuits of science, 192.
Application of science to the arts, 193. Advantages resulting
from the connection, 194. Importance of mechanics acquiring
a knowledge of science, 196. Mechanics' Institutions destined
to work important changes in the structure of society, 196.
Ample rewards of science in mental enjoyment and dignity in
society, 197. Practical science a sure foundation for opulence,
200. Abridges the labour of the mechanic, 201. Some of the
most useful inventions of the age produced by mechanics, 202.
Generally resulting from a patient study of principles, 203. The
most useful inventions to be expected from this class when in-
structed in science, 206. Animating prospects of the mechanic,
207. Conclusion, 208.
DISCOURSE III.
Design of this Discourse, 211. Importance of acquiring a general
knowledge of science, 214. Entire application to any one
branch of science encourages a spirit of exclusiveness, 215.
Practical evils attendant on this error, 216. Intimate connection
of the sciences with each other, 217. Universality of the prac-
tical application of science, 218. Usefulness of public lectures
in teaching the elements of general science, 220. Of disquisi-
Theological learning in the Reformed Church, 77. In the
Catholic Church, 78. Works on Ecclesiastical writers, 79.
Cave, 81. Oudin, 81.
Dupin, 80.
X.-VERPLANCK ON THE RIGHT MORAL INFLUENCE
AND USE OF LIBERAL STUDIES.
Review of the studies and acquisitions of College life, 85. Present
Science the result of the accumulated labours of past ages, 86.
Progress of Mathematical science, 87. Of History-Biography
-Philosophy, 88. Influence, direct and indirect, of the genius
of the past on intellectual exertion, 91. Excellence and use of
a liberal education, 92. Duties resulting from it, 94. Truth the
object of all scientific inquiry, 96. Its great purposes--the be-
nefit of the human race, 97. Importance of habits of contem-
plation and investigation, 98. Instances of most important re-
sults arising from such habits-Newton-Pascal-Franklin-
Mansfield, 99. Vast and beneficent effects of Grotius' inquiry
into the laws of war and peace, 100. Strong incentives fur-
nished by these examples to mental activity, 102. Importance
of the general diffusion of the results, and, as far as possible, the
processes of scientific inquiry, 103. Moral influence of know-
ledge on the inquirer himself, 104. Its expansive effect on his
intellect, 105. In giving consistency and strength to the charac-
ter, 106. In promoting a liberal respect to the opinions of
others, 108. Importance of this in a country of uncontrolled li-
berty of discussion, 110. Recapitulation and conclusion, 111.
XI. WARE'S LECTURE ON THE CHARACTER AND
DUTIES OF A PHYSICIAN,
Other qualifications required in a physician besides those which are
strictly professional, 118. The reputation of a physician not an
object for ordinary ambition, 119. Limited reputation of the
eminent physician, compared with that obtained in other depart-
ments of science, 120. Compensated by the high estimation
they enjoy in their own circle, 121. Peculiar nature of the con-
nection between physicians and their patients, 122. Their moral
influence, 123. Use of the physician even in cases where medi-
cine can be of no avail, 124. Causes of the slow growth of repu-
tation, 125. Its advantages, 126. Qualifications for the acquisi-
tion of business, 127. Decision of character, 130. Error of
looking upon patients as mere subjects of scientific investigation,
132. Importance of gaining a reputation among the profession,
134. Deportment of physicians towards each other, 135. Ge-
neral influence of the physician on the community to which he
belongs, 137.
XII. and XVI.-STORY'S DISCOURSES ON SCIENCE,
LITERATURE, AND GOVERNMENT.
Characteristics of the present age, 144. Cannot lay claim to any
of knowledge-one of its most striking characteristics, 147.
sical learning, 163. Importance of this branch of study--its ad-
These pursuits give employment to whole classes in the subordi-
nate arts, 185. Superior attachment of the present age to prac-
tical over speculative science, 186. History of the Steam-engine,
of the labours of other minds, 222. A wide survey of Nature
most favourable to sincere devotion, 223.
DISCOURSE IV.-On the Science of Government as a branch of
Popular Education.
Division of the subject, 226. Importance and utility of the science,
227. Profound nature of the study, 228. Government a
science of adaptation, 229. Error of indifference to the form of
Government, 229. Great objects of all free Government, 231.
Importance of a right understanding of the duties and difficulties
of Government, 233. Complete frame of American Govern-
ment, 233. Difficulties in the interpretation of constitutional
questions, 234. Intricacy of the ordinary course of Legislation,
235. A knowledge of the science indispensable to every Ameri-
can citizen, 236. Its use in guarding against sudden innovations,
238. Peculiar causes in Republics to produce violent parties,
239. Practicability of teaching the science as a branch of Po-
pular Education, 240. The constitution clear and intelligible,
241. The principles on which it is founded easily unfolded to
youth, 243. Utility of this knowledge both in private and pub-
lic life, 244. Objections considered, 245-6. This study fited to
discipline the mind to close investigation, 247. Method of teach-
ing this science in common schools, 243. Conclusion 249
XVII. SAWYER'S POPULAR ELEMENTS OF BIBLICAL
XVIII.
INTERPRETATION.
[See Table of Contents, p. 255.]
EDWARDS' INQUIRY INTO THE STATE OF
SLAVERY IN THE EARLY AND MIDDLE AGE
OF THE CHRISTIAN ERA.
1. Roman Slavery-Number of slaves, 314. Slaves agrade by
war, 316. Slaves acquired by commerce, 318. Slaves reduced
from a state of freedom for crimes, 320. Slavery by th, 321.
Condition of slaves, 322. Allowed to partake in religious rites,
323. Allowance of food, 324. Exercises-Trades; &c. Apó.
Punishments, 326. Rewards, 327. Insurrections of slaves, 329.
Vices of slaves, 331. Allusions to slavery in the Scriptures, 332,
Onesimus, 335. Influence of Christianity in the mitigation, and
final extinction of slavery, 336. Alterations in the treatment of
slaves after the establishment of Christianity by Constantine, 338.
2. Slavery in the Middle Ages, 341. Slavery among the barbarous
nations of Gaul and Germany, 342. Code of the Lombards,
343. Great increase of the number of slaves, 344. Division of
the lower class of population under the Feudal System, 345.
Freemen Villani, 345. Servi, 346. Charters of manumission,
347. Slavery in England, 349. Villani, 350. Population at
the close of the reign of William the Conqueror, 351. Decrease
of slavery in Italy and France, 352. Abolition of slavery, 353.
Review of the subject, 353. Authorities, 355.
OF THE
LIFE AND WRITINGS
OF
JOHN DAVID MICHAELIS.
BY PROFESSOR J. G. EICHHORN.
TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN,
BY PROFESSOR PATTON.
EDINBURGH:
THOMAS CLARK, 38, GEORGE STREET.
MDCCCXXXV.