State. On the 14th of May Governor Bradford issued a call urging the "loyal" men of the State to come forward and enlist for one hundred days. Two regiments were called for, but he would accept three. The troops thus called for were to be armed, equipped and mustered into service the same as other volunteers, with the proviso that their length of service was for one hundred days only, and that in no case without their consent were they to be called upon to go outside the limits of Maryland. They were to garrison the defences of Baltimore, and guard the Baltimore and Ohio and other railroads; and one regiment was to take the place of the 5th Maryland volunteers, which at this time was doing garrison duty at Fort Delaware. Those troops performing garrison duty were to be sent to join the main army.

The troops called for by the governor's proclamation, not being forthcoming, on the 6th of June a draft took place to fill up the deficiency of two thousand men.

While these movements were in progress for strengthening the army, the National Union Convention, for the purpose of nominating candidates for the presidency and vice-presidency of the United States, assembled in Baltimore, on the 7th of June, at the Front Street Theatre. Ex-Governor Morgan, of New York, the chairman of the National Executive Committee, called the convention to order, and nominated as temporary president of the convention, Robert J. Breckenridge, of Kentucky. Speeches were made by Senator Morgan and Dr. Breckenridge, when the convention adjourned. At the evening session, Hon. William Dennison, of Ohio, was chosen permanent president, and the organization of the convention effected. Mr. Brownlow and the president made speeches, and the convention adjourned until the next day. Soon after assembling, the convention came to a vote, and although the Missouri delegation were instructed to cast their vote first in favor of General Grant, the vote for President Lincoln was made unanimous, every other State voting for him on the first ballot; in all 519 votes being cast. For the vice-presidency, on the first ballot, 200 votes were cast for Andrew Johnson; 145 for Hannibal Hamlin; 113 for Daniel S. Dickinson; 28 for General Benjamin F. Butler; 21 for Rosseau; 6 for Schuyler Colfax; 2 for Attorney General Holt; 1 for Governor Todd, and 1 for Preston King. Before the ballot was announced, several of the States changed their votes to Johnson, so that the final result was: Johnson, 494; Dickinson, 17, and Hamlin, 9. Andrew Johnson having received a majority of all the votes cast, was declared the nominee for vice-president; and his nomination was then made unaniThe convention adjourned after passing a series of resolutions, adopted as the platform.

mous.

CHAPTER XLVIII.

WHILE the army of the Potomac lay on the north of the Rapidan, Major General U. S. Grant, who had been made Lieutenant General, was assigned by President Lincoln on the 10th of March, to the command of all the "armies of the United States." General Meade was selected as his second in command of the army of the Potomac, and to him was entrusted the execution of his plans. This portion of the army was consolidated into three corps, the second, fifth and sixth, commanded respectively by Generals Hancock, Warren and Sedgwick, and numbering, with Burnsides' independer.t corps, about 140,000 men. The Confederates under Lee, numbered about 60,000. By the consolidation of the army of the Potomac on the 23d of March, into three corps, the Maryland brigade under Colonel N. T. Dushane, of the 1st Maryland regiment, became the third brigade in the second division of the fifth army corps. Brigadier General John C. Robinson commanded the division, and Major General G. K. Warren the corps. General Kenly, much to the regret of his command, was assigned a district in the middle department. During the temporary absence of Colonel Dushane, (afterwards killed at the battle of Weldon Railroad,) who was then reorganizing the 1st Maryland veteran regiment, the command of the brigade devolved upon Colonel Andrew W. Dennison, of the 8th Maryland regiment."

1 Before General Kenly departed for his new command, he was presented with the following complimentary address, which was signed by all the commissioned officers of his brigade:

CULPEPER COURT-HOUSE, VIRGINIA, "March 25, 1864. "BRIGADIER GENERAL JOHN R. KENLY: "Sir:-The undersigned officers, commandin regiments, and others in the first and second brigades, comprising third division, first corps, army of the Potomac, cannot part. with you, our late division commander, without first conveying to you the assurance of the friendship, regard and respect for you as a soldier and a gentleman, in the full comprehension of these terms, entertained for you by us, and by the officers and men of our several commands. The experiences and intercourse of more than eight months of active service in the field, furnishing an unerring test of competence and character, of courage and capacity, unite in impressing upon us a feeling of sincere regret at parting with you, the desire to retain a place in your memory, and the cordial prayer that your life may be spared, and your labors in the new field of duty to which you are to be transferred be crowned with eminent usefulness and success.

With the hope of again renewing with you, General, an acquaintance to us so agreeable and profitable, we bid you a sincere and affectionate adieu."

Edmund L. Dana, colonel 143d Pennsylvania Volunteers, commanding 1st brigade, 3d division; W. Dwight, lieutenant-colonel, commanding 149th Pennsylvania Volunteers; John Irwin, major; G. W. Jones, captain, commanding 150th Pennsylvania Volunteers; J. G. Andrews, captain, commanding 142d Pennsylvania Volunteers; Samuel T. Floyd, captain, commanding 121st Pennsylvania Volunteers; William Painter, lieutenant colonel and chief quartermaster of 1st army corps; N. T. Dushane, colonel 1st Maryland infantry, commanding 2d brigade; J. W. Wilson, lieutenantcolonel, commanding 1st Maryland Volunteers; J. G. Johannes, lieutenant-colonel 8th Maryland Volunteers; Charles E. Phelps, colonel, commanding 7th Maryland Volunteers; Gregory Barrett, Jr., lieutenant-colonel 4th Maryland Volunteers, and ninety-five other prominent officers.

2 The 8th regiment took the field September 18, 1862.

On the 3d of May, General Meade issued an address to his army, and on the following day it left Culpeper for the Rapidan; on the same day Butler moved up the south side of James River; on the 6th, Sherman advanced from Chattanooga. In the evening Meade reached that tangled forest where was fought, from the fifth to the ninth, the battle of the Wilderness, the mcst terrible and bloody battle of the war. In this series of bloody engagements fought in a mass of tangled underwood, the Maryland brigade took a conspicious part in Warren's corps and met with severe loss. On Sunday, the 8th of May, with its division they charged Longstreet's command posted in a skirt of woods at Laurel Hill, near Spottsylvania Court House, in the face of a galling fire of musketry and a storm of canister and shell from both front and flank. The 1st, 7th and 8th Maryland regiments pushed on to within fifty yards of Longstreet's entrenchments, but the terrible fire poured into their depleted ranks forced them to retire, leaving the field covered with their dead and wounded. General Robinson, their division commander, was wounded in the leg, and Colonel Dennison, who commanded the brigade lost his arm. The command of the brigade now devolved upon Colonel Charles E. Phelps who had succeeded Colonel E. H. Webster, elected to Congress. While gallantly leading his men into action, Colonel Phelps was struck down within the Confederate line and was taken prisoner, but was afterwards recaptured by Custer's cavalry. Colonel Richard M. Bowerman, of the 4th regiment, then assumed command of the brigade.'

In consequence of the disabling wound of General Robinson, his division was broken up, and the various regiments, with the exception of the Maryland brigade, were assigned to other commands. The Maryland brigade as a light corps was placed under the immediate command of General Warren. It was employed in various duties until the 29th of May, when the old second division was reorganized, and the Maryland brigade again became the third brigade, second division, fifth army corps, which it retained until the 6th of June, when it was named the second brigade of the same division and corps. Brigadier General R. B. Ayres was assigned to the command of the division, and the Purnell legion, Maryland infantry, under Colonel Samuel A. Graham, was joined to the brigade.

In all the various battles in which their division was engaged, from Spottsylvania Court House to the Chickahominy, which they crossed on the

1 The 4th Maryland regiment was raised mostly in Baltimore City, with one company (C) from Carroll County. It left Baltimore for active duty, September 18, 1862. Its first colonel was W. J. L. Nicodemus, a graduate of West Point, and captain in the regular service; he resigned in November, 1862, and was succeeded by Colonel R. N. Bowerman, a gallant and spirited officer.

The 7th regiment was raised as follows: Company A, Washington County; B, Frederick County; C, Baltimore and Harford Counties; D, Baltimore City; E, Frederick County; F,

Carroll County; G, Frederick County; H, Baltimore City; I, Washington County; Company K was added in April, 1864, from the 10th Maryland 6-months re-enlisted infantry. It left Baltimore, September 18, 1862, with the Maryland brigade. Its first colonel was Edwin H. Webster, of Harford County, who resigned November 6, 1863, and was succeeded by Charles E. Phelps. In consequence of severe wounds received, on the 8th of September, 1864, he was discharged, when the command devolved upon Major E. M. Mobly, who was succeedel by Lieutenant Colonel D. T. Bennett.

UNDAUNTED VALOR OF MARYLANDERS.

605

14th of June, the Maryland brigade bore a distinguished and active part and suffered severe loss in killed and wounded. On the 16th, moving by way of Charles City Court House, it crossed the James at Wilcox's Landing with the second and fifth corps, and proceeded towards the lines near Petersburg, where it arrived early on the morning of the 17th.

While the Maryland brigade was thus operating with Grant in his movements against Richmond, other Maryland regiments were performing active service in other sections of the country. The 3d Maryland cavalry, composed in part of four hundred Confederate deserters from Fort Delaware who had taken the oath of allegiance and enlisted in the Federal service, under Colonel C. Carroll Tevis was actively engaged in the neighborhood of Madisonville, Louisiana. The 6th Maryland regiment of infantry,' under Colonel Horn, was in the sixth corps under the distinguished but lamented General Sedgwick; and the 2d and 3d regiments, in the ninth corps under General Burnside, on more than one occasion proved their patriotism by valor and acts of bravery. At the battle of Cold Harbor the 2d and 3d regiments were in all the severe engagements in which the ninth corps participated; and was part of the rear guard when Grant and his army crossed the James. On the 17th of June their brigade was ordered to charge the Confederate breast works in front of Petersburg. Advancing under a heavy cross-fire from the Confederate rifle-pits and batteries, the charge was successfully executed with severe loss. They held the breastworks until late at night, when for want of support their whole line fell back to their former position. On the 18th the Confederates evacuated this line of entrenchments and they were taken possession of. In the Red River expedition in May, 1864, the third Maryland cavalry, under the command of Captain Thomas W. Canfield, lost severely in killed, wounded and missing.

At early dawn, on the morning of the 10th of January, 1864, Mosby's Confederate battalion of cavalry made an attack upon the camp of Major Cole's Maryland cavalry, on Loudon Heights, Virginia. They avoided the pickets, dashed into the camp with a yell, and poured a volley of bullets into the tents where the officers and men were sleeping. Upon a demand being made for the unconditional surrender of the command, the Marylanders answered it by a shout of defiance as they rushed from their tents half-naked, but with their arms, in the midst of their assailants. The Confederates fought with the most desperate valor, which was only equalled by the coolness and

1 This regiment was organized, in Baltimore, under the call of July 2, 1862, and took its departure from the city on the 19th of September, to Williamsport, where it joined the Maryland brigade. It was detached from the brigade in March, 1863, and assigned to General Milroy's command, and subsequently to the sixth army corps under Grant, where it did gallant service. It crossed the Rapidan with 438 men, and before the 27th of June it had lost, in killed and

wounded, over one-half of the regiment. The first colonel of the regiment was George R. Howard, who resigned on the 5th of May, 1863, and was succeeded by John W. Horn. He resigned in February, 1865, and was succeeded by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph C. Hill. It participated in the battles of Winchester, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Opequan, Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek, Sailor's Creek, and Appomattox Court-House.

undaunted valor of the Marylanders who drove Mosby and his command. from their camp. In this cavalry exploit the Confederates lost eight killed, and the Federals six, and a large number severely wounded on both sides. For the gallantry displayed by Major Cole and his command upon this occasion, the following complimentary orders were issued:

"Brig. B. F. Kelley, Cumberland, Md.:

GENERAL-I have just received, through your headquarters, Major Henry A. Cole's report of the repulse of Mosby's attack upon his camp on Loudon Heights, on the 10th instant. Major Cole and his command, the battalion of P. H. B. Cavalry, Maryland Volunteers, deserve high praise for their gallantry in repelling this rebel assault. "Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

“H. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief.”

Headquarters Department West Virginia,
Cumberland, Md., January 25, 1864. Š

"Respectfully transmitted to Brig. General Sullivan, commanding post :

"I take great pleasure in thus conveying to the officers and men of Major Cole's command this evidence of appreciation on the part of the General-in-Chief of the gallantry displayed by them.

66

"B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier-General."

Headquarters First Division, Department West Virginia,
Harper's Ferry, Va., January 26, 1864.

'Respectfully transmitted to Maj. Henry H. Cole, who will cause this communication to be read to his command. I take great pleasure in transmitting the thanks of the General-in-Chief, which the command so richly deserve.

"JOHN C. SULLIVAN, Brigadier-General Volunteers."

We will now briefly trace the movements of the several Maryland commands in the Confederate service united in one corps as the Maryland Line.

When the 1st Maryland regiment was mustered out of service on August 17th, 1862, Colonel Bradley T. Johnson and the rest of the officers of that regiment were left without commissions. Ewell offered Johnson the place of inspector-general on his staff, which he declined, preferring to remain on the staff as volunteer with his adjutant, Captain George W. Booth, and surgeon Richard P. Johnson. On the 21st of August, Jackson assigned him, though without rank or commission, to the command of the second brigade, Jackson's old division, then commanded by Taliaferro; Brigadier General J. R. Jones, who had been assigned to this brigade, being then absent on sick leave.

Colonel Johnson commanded the brigade in the three days' battle of second Manasas, in a manner so satisfactory to Jackson, that on the 6th of September, 1862, just as the army was crossing into Maryland, he recommended him for appointment to the rank of brigadier-general, in the following letter:

"Near Leesburg, September 4th, 1862.

"GENERAL-I respectfully recommend that Colonel Bradley T. Johnson, late colonel of the 1st Maryland regiment, be appointed brigadier-general. While I was in command at Harper's Ferry, in the early part of the war, Colonel Johnson left his home in Maryland