"Some twenty-four missionaries, including one or two in French-Switzerland, are now laboring successfully among the French population, under the auspices of the excellent Wesleyan Missionary Society of London."

THE TUILLERIES AND LOUIS PHILIPPE.

"Near sunset we moved onward with the masses till we came in front of the Palace of the Tuilleries. As you approach, the view of the front, on account of its great width and turreted pavilions, is very grand. It is in the style of the sixteenth century, having been built principally by Catherine de Medicis. It will be recollected that it was in attempting to defend this place that the Swiss guards were so fearfully massacred on the memorable 10th of August, 1792. Over the passage, under the middle pavilion, there is a balcony. To this the eyes of the vast multitude were intently directed. At length the door opened, and the king stepped forward, raised his hat, and courteously and repeatedly bowed. For the first time in my life I heard the celebrated cry of "Vive le roi," and from an immense orchestra, placed in front, burst forth the Marseillaise, followed by the Parisienne. The king and queen kept saluting the assemblage continually; and his grandson, the Count de Paris, a sprightly lad of some eight years, who is heir to the throue, forgetting to raise his cap, the king turned and reminded him of it by a gentle touch of the hand. He looked exceedingly well, being, as most are aware, of a medium height, rather full figure and face, with an easy, dignified bearing, and still appearing to retain considerable of the vigor of a green old age. The attempt upon his life, by Le Compte, just previous, added interest to the occasion."

ON THE LOIRE.

"By far the most care seemed bestowed upon the cultivation of the great staple production of this region-the grape. This, perhaps, is stimulated by the rivalry arising from the circumstance that the wine of each locality, and often of each separate establishment, has an individual character, known in the market, by which, in proportion to its quality, the price is regulated. All the southern exposures were covered with vineyards. The vines are planted about two feet apart, and trimmed annually to within a few inches of the ground. Early in the spring shoots put forth, the earth between is kept fresh and clean, and occasionally dug over, somewhat in the same way as in the cultivation of Indian corn. Small sticks, two or three feet high, are placed as a support to each vine. At the time of our visit, the shoots were about the height of a large currant-bush."

ARTESIAN WELLS.

"The municipal council of Paris, finding that a scarcity of water existed, upon the recommendation of competent geologists, authorized, in 1832, the experiment of sinking one of these wells in the Abattoire de Grenelle. M. Mulot, to whom the contract was at length given, commenced boring on the 30th of November, 1833, and in two years succeeded in penetrating to the specified depth of four hundred metres, without obtaining the desired result. At the earnest representations of M. Arago, who with wonderful accuracy had previously predicted that it would be necessary to descend several hundred feet farther, an additional grant was obtained, and operations were continued. The most discouraging accidents occurred, requiring months for their repair-the municipality grew discouraged and stopped the funds-but, at the risk of ruin, M. Mulot courageously involved his own fortune, when at last, after a period of seven years from the commencement, and from a depth of eighteen hundred feet, a full stream gushed violently forth.

"The water is confined in a tube of galvanized iron supported by scaffolding, and rises more than a hundred feet from the ground. At this height the rate of discharge is three hundred gallons per minute, and the force is calculated to be sufficient to supply more than twice that quantity at the surface. Upon placing my ear upon the tube there was a vibratory whizzing sensation, from the rapid motion of the fluid within. The water, of which I before intimated I had the benefit of drinking, is extremely pure and soft, and comes up at the temperature of about eighty-four degrees of Fahrenheit, or a little less than blood-heat."

FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL REVIEW.

THE chief feature of the month has been the continued exportation of the precious metals to Europe, in amounts calculated to excite alarm as to the future. The movement was however checked towards the close of the month by the taking of the government loan of $16,000,000, partly on foreign account directly, and partly with a view to hypothecation. The bills based on this operation affected the prices of exchange to a considerable extent. The following table, distinguishing the descriptions of coins, gives the amount exported from this port direct, from May 1st to the close of the last week:

EXPORT OF SPECIE FROM THE port of New-YORK, MAY 1 TO JUNE 1.

The exports from November to May 1st, were near $6,000,000, nearly all foreign coins, and as the supply on the spot here became diminished, the prices rose, bringing in from the country in increasing amounts. From all sections of the country specie flows in, and much from abroad; nevertheless, the importance of the flow abroad is such as to make the future gloomy. Many of the banks are by no means so strong in specie as they would have the public believe. It is undoubtedly true that enormous sums come in in the hands of emigrants. A portion of this is sold to bullion brokers, but the great bulk of it goes west in the hands of those who brought it over. It is there slowly disbursed for land and necessaries, and gradually finds its way back to the seaboard, filtering through the channels of trade. In this way only can be accounted for the large supply of multifarious descriptions of foreign coins that continue upon the market. The importation of specie last year was $24,000,000, and through the activity of the department, an equal amount was coined into United States money. The export of foreign coins since November has been over $8,000,000, and yet the supply continues fair, it is true, at high prices, but still the coins are here, while the operation of the Mint continues to be equal to all that arrives, as reported through the Custom House; from which it would appear that the amount not so reported is far more important than is usually supposed. The number of emigrants that have arrived in five months of five years is as follows:

An average of $100 each would give near $6,637,000 arrived since January, equal to the whole nett export as reported officially.

The movement of specie to and from the United States, has, in the past four years, been as follows:

Hanse Towns.....$237,804.

England.........14,208,358.
Brit. W. Indies.....128,105.

1846.
Gold.

43...

1847.

1843.

1845.

Gold. Silver. Silver. Silver. Silver.

..47.463....

...100..

.100,547. .428,095..19,322,627....96,594....80,281....59,616....139,377

...27.639......37.594.....107.872...516,920.. .222,100...295,287....465,248

N. A. Col's.....26,145 .....52,642......63,879.....191,698...377,400....861.819...559,164....671,753

France....

.5.731...1,116,719...712,192.....24,632...102,977....136,787
..259,983...413,524....347,352...336,450....119,175
.669..2,137,295....947,285...694,093.
..17,964....47,064......6,852.....1,070. .7.331

.326.539

.7,345....830,348.....200,511.. .157,427...763,262....761,070...818,562....648,225

.1,886,678.....112,613.

..173.538..
.4,460.

..623.. ..1,462..

.910,313..21,175.950..5,111,699..3,251.392..2,867,119...2,513,435

..290,818...2,210,979....1,629,346.....905,301..1,113,104..6,395,516..2,275,920....921,723

It is observable that the chief source of the supply of silver is Mexico, and for gold, England. In the last twenty years several important changes have taken place in the direction of specie. The leading causes for these changes are, 1st, the independence of Mexico, destroying the monopoly of the silver produce of that country, formerly held by Spain; 2d, the substitution of bills drawn at six months on London, for silver sent to China for the purchase of Teas; 3d, the gold bill of 1834; 4th, the operation of cash duties in destroying the carrying trade to South America and Mexico in particular, in exchange for which specie was brought back. These are the leading causes which have changed the current of the precious metals collectively. There are others more remote affecting the different metals separately; as, for instance, the Russian ukase of 1840, substituting silver for paper roubles to a considerable extent. The increased product of gold in the Russian mines. The modification of the English Corn laws, whereby specie is no longer an active agent in purchasing corn for England; and the new bank law of England, the principle of which is to imitate in England the spirit of the United States gold bill of 1834, which was to enlarge the specie basis of the circulating medium; and also the extension of paper credits in France and Austria, tending to send specie out of those countries.

The Independent Treasury law of the United States has given additional value to both the precious metals, by making them more in demand for the purpose of a circulating medium. Last year the Treasury received over $48,000,000 for government purposes. The effect of this demand upon the value of the precious metals is the same as that upon paper, when, in times of emergency, to support its value it is made receivable for public dues. At the moment this influence is exerted upon both the metals bere, gold becomes more abundant in supply in Russia. The use of paper on the continent in those countries where silver is the standard, was supplanting that metal and diminishing the demand for it there, so that both were becoming more available. As we have said, however, the new bank law of England tended to make gold more valuable there, and the result has been the enormous accumulations of late years. In order to observe the changes which have heretofore taken place in the currents of the precious metals to and from the United States, we have compiled the following table, showing the annual import from the four chief countries of supply, and also the aggregate import from all countries: IMPORT OF SPECIE INTO THE UNITED STATES FOR 27 YEARS.

After the independence of Mexico was established, in 1824, commenced the flow of silver into the United States. The amount reached over $8,300,000 in 1835, and has since fallen back to a comparatively unimportant sum. The chief causes for this were the want of a warehousing system, and the operation of cash duties. Formerly, when goods were landed, the seaports offered large assortments of foreign goods, from which, with a portion of American manufacture, good trading cargoes could be made up for South American ports, and specie returned here in payment. The imposition of high cash duties destroyed this trade, and produced a direct intercourse between Europe and these countries. The gold bill of 1834, together with the increasing cotton crop, and large purchases of American produce by England, gave a great impulse to the import of gold from France and England, since heightened by the operation of the Treasury law. The trade with Cuba remained very nearly stationary, the specie currency of that country giving great steadiness to national intercourse. The operation of a general war in Europe will now be to break up all those commercial influences which usually affect the destination of the metals; but while it must produce hoarding, a very considerable portion of those hordes will clandestinely find their way into this country. The return of peace with Mexico, under present circumstances, will develope new sources of supply for silver, guided by American energy and skill.

The exports of the precious metals have been exceedingly irregular, following the course of trade, as follows:

EXPORTS OF THE PRECIOUS METALS FROM THE U. STATES.

France.

Cuba.

Total.

China, .1,102,267.....739,730......588,714.....100,102.....3.642,785 ..134,558. ..571,660. .128,495.....1,412,902

To England.

1842.

1843.

1844.

1845.

1846.

1847.....

.564,919.....5,270,809

.. 13,699.....8,606,595

.329,801....

.2.904.468

..33,308......612,114.....1,907,024

The exports to China were very large down to 1828, when the bills of the late Na. tional Bank, drawn in London at six months sight, became available with the Hong merchants for teas, because they could dispose of them to the East India Company, in whose hands they were a good remittance to London. After the failure of the Bank, the great convenience of the operation caused the introduction of other bills, and the export in that direction is less than one-sixth what it formerly was. The exports to France are mostly of the silver derived from Mexico, and to Cuba of Spanish gold coin, which come in from South America generally.

The demand for specie that now exists arises from extraordinary causes altogether independent of the operations of commerce, is likely to produce some derangement in the financial affairs of the country, but in a far less degree than would have been the case, but for the sound financial principles on which our national finances are now based. What would have been the situation of things at this crisis in Europe, had a National Bank in charge of the Treasury business been now, as was the case with the old bank in 1837, dependent upon borrowing operations in London or Paris, to meet a flood of paper running upon the former city from all parts of the world?

The loan of the United States for $16,000,000, was taken at a premium of 3.02 per cent. and upwards; the amount of bids being near $30,440,000.

The loan taken of the United States was not alone a financial triumph. Bids for $800,000 stock of the State of New-York, bearing 6 per cent. interest, and redeemable in 1854, were opened on the 20th, and disclosed offers to the extent of $1,741,000, at terms ranging from par to $103,52. No bids were entertained under $102,10, and the whole amount was taken at or above that rate. As compared with the government stock, this of New-York has some advantages, viz: It is not required in specie, and is available for banking purposes. The disadvantages are, that it is not a coupon stock, and has 14 years less time to run. The results of the last three operations of the government have been as follows:

Thus the government asked for $42,678,250 of specie, and was proffered $104,490,220, at a high premium, within a period of 15 months. What a triumphant answer is this to croakers, one and all. To those who pretended that the policy of the great democratic party was injurious to the best financial interests of the country, and destructive of credit, the reproach is overwhelming. Not only has the policy sustained the government in a manner never before equalled, but the State of New-York is enabled to turn a 7 per cent. into a 6 per cent. stock, at a profit of $16,000 premium.

It is to be observed, that of $32,000,000 offered by capitalists to the United States and State of New-York, but a very small portion came from abroad. The foreigners outbid the citizens of the United States for some portions, but without their bids the government would have got the whole money at a premium for the stock.

We may reflect that this most gratifying proof of the national resources manifests itself after 18 months operation of low tariff and independent treasury, with the specie clause; after two years and two months of actual war, in which Mexico has been conquered and half her territory acquired; after six months of the most intense commercial distress in