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Out of my way, unless he bid them; but
For every trifle are they set upon me:
Sometimes like apes, that moe' and chatter at me,
And after, bite me; then like hedge-hogs, which
Lie tumbling in my bare-foot way, and mount
Their pricks at my foot-fall; sometime am I
All wound with adders, who, with cloven tongues,
Do hiss me into madness:-Lo! now! lo!

Enter TRINCULO.

Here comes a spirit of his; and to torment me,
For bringing wood in slowly: I'll fall flat;
Perchance he will not mind me.

make him give ground: and it shall be said so again, while Stephano breathes at nostrils.

Cal. The spirit torments me: O!

Ste. This is some monster of the isle, with four legs; who hath got, as I take it, an ague: Where the devil should he learn our language? I will give him some relief, if it be but for that: if I can recover him, and keep him tame, and get to Naples with him, he's a present for any emperor that ever trod on neat's-leather.

Cal. Do not torment me, pr'ythee;
I'll bring my wood home faster.

6

Ste. He's in his fit now; and does not talk after the wisest. He shall taste of my bottle: if he hath never drunk wine afore, it will go near to remove his fit: ifI can recover him, and keep him tame, I will not take too much for him: he shall pay for him that hath him, and that soundly.

Cal. Thou dost me yet but little hurt; thou wilt
Anon, I know it by thy trembling:
Now Prosper works upon thee.

Ste. Come on your ways; open your mouth; here is that which will give language to you, cat; open your mouth: this will shake your shaking, can tell you, and that soundly: you cannot tell who's your friend: open your chaps again.

Trin. Here's neither bush nor shrub, to bear off any weather at all, and another storm brewing: I hear it sing i' the wind: yond' same black cloud, vond' huge one, looks like a foul bumbard3 that would shed his liquor. If it should thunder, as it did before, I know not where to hide my head: yond' same cloud cannot choose but fall by pailfuls.What have we here? a man or a fish? Dead or alive? A fish: he smells like a fish; a very ancient and fish-like smell; a kind of, not of the newest, Poor-John. A strange fish! Were I in England now, (as once I was,) and had but this fish painted, not a holiday-fool there but would give a piece of silver: there would this monster make a man;4 any strange beast there makes a man: when they will not give a doit to relieve a lame beggar, they will lay out ten to see a dead Indian. Legg'd like a Ste. Four legs, and two voices; a most delicate man! and his fins like arms! Warm, o' my troth! monster! His forward voice now is to speak wel I do now let loose my opinion, hold it no longer; of his friend; his backward voice is to utter fou this is no fish but an islander, that hath lately suf-speeches, and to detract. If all the wine in my fered by a thunderbolt. [Thunder.] Alas! the bottle will recover him, I will help his ague; storm is come again: my best way is to creep Come,- -Amen! I will pour some in thy other under his garberdine; there is no other shelter hereabout: Misery acquaints a man with strange bed-fellows. I will here shroud, till the dregs of the storm be past.

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The master, the swabber, the boatswain, and I,
The gunner, and his mate,

Lov'd Mall, Megg, and Marian, and Margery,
But none of us cared for Kate:
For she had a tongue with a tang,
Would cry to a sailor, Go, hang:
She lov'd not the savour of tar nor of pitch,
Yet a tailor might scratch her where-e'er she did itch:
Then to sea boys, and let her go hang.

This is a scurvy tune too: But here's my comfort.

Trin. I should know that voice: It should beBut he is drowned; and these are devils: O! de fend me !

mouth.

Trin. Stephano,

Ste. Doth thy other mouth call me? Mercy! mercy! This is a devil, and no monster: I will leave him; I have no long spoon.

Trin. Stephano!-If thou beest Stephano, touch me, and speak to me; for I am Trinculo;— be not afeard,-thy good friend Trinculo.

pull thee by the lesser legs; If any be Trinculo's Ste. If thou beest Trinculo, come forth; I'l legs, these are they. Thou art very Trinculo, i deed: How cam'st thou to be the siege of this moon-calf? Can he vent Trinculos?

Trin. I took him to be killed with a thunderstroke-But art thou not drowned, Stephano? I hope now, thou art not drowned. Is the storm overblown? I hid me under the dead moon-calf's1o gaberdine, for fear of the storm: And art thou living, Stephano? O Stephano, two Neapolitans 'scap'd!

Ste. Pr'ythee, do not turn me about; my stomach is not constant.

Cal. These be fine things, an if they be not sprites. That's a brave god, and bears celestial liquor:

[Drinks. Cal. Do not torment me: O! Ste. What's the matter? Have we devils here?I will kneel to him. Do you put tricks upon us with savages, and men of Inde? Ha! I have not scap'd drowning, to be afeard now of your four legs; for it hath been said, As proper a man as ever went on four legs, cannot

1 To moe is to make mouths. "To make a moe like an ape. Distorquere os. Rictum deducere."-Baret. 2 Pricks is the ancient word for prickles.

3 A bumbard is a black jack of leather, to hold beer, &c.

4 i. e. make a man's fortune. Thus in A Midsummer Night's Dream

"We are all made men."

And in the old comedy of Ram Alley

"She's a wench

Was born to make us all."

Ste. How did'st thou 'scape? How cam'st thou hither? swear by this bottle, how thou cam's hither. I escaped upon a butt of sack, which the sailors heaved over-board, by this bottle! which 1 Chapman's version of the fourth Book of the Odyssey.

66

-The sea calves savour was

So passing sowre (they still being bred at seas)
It much afflicted us, for who can please
To lie by one of these same sea-bred whales "

6 No impertinent hint to those who indulge in the com stant use of wine. When it is necessary for them as a medicine, it produces no effect.

7 Any sum, ever so much, an ironical expression im plying that he would get as much as he could for him. 8 Shakspeare gives his characters appropriate lan"A guage, 66 They belch forth proverbs in their drink," Good liquor will make a cat speak," and "he who eats with the devil had need of a long spoon." The last is again used in The Comedy of Errors, Act iv. Sc. 2 9 Siege for stool, and in the dirtiest sense of the word.

5 A gaberdine was a coarse outer garment. shepherd's pelt, frock, or gaberdine, such a coarse long jacket as our porters wear over the rest of their garments," says Cotgrave. "A kind of rough cassock or frock like an Irish mantle," says Philips. It is from the low Latin Galvardina, whence the French Galvardin and Gaban. One would almost think Shakspeare had been acquainted with the following passage in

10 The best account of the moon calf may be found in Drayton's poem with that title

made of the bark of a tree, with mine own hands, since I was cast a-shore.

ACT III.

Cal. I'll swear, upon that bottle, to be thy true | SCENE I-Before Prospero's Cell. Enter FER subject; for the liquor is not earthly.

Ste. Here; swear then how thou escap'dst. Trin. Swam a-shore, man, like a duck; I can swim like a duck, I'll be sworn.

Ste. Here, kiss the book: Though thou canst swim like a duck, thou art made like a goose.

Trin. O Stephano, hast any more of this? Ste. The whole butt, man; my cellar is in a ock by the sea-side, where my wine is hid. How now, moon-calf? how does thine ague?

Cal. Hast thou not dropped from heaven?' Ste. Out o' the moon, I do assure thee: I was the man in the moon,2 when time was.

Cal. I have seen thee in her, and I do adore thee; my mistress shewed me thee, and thy dog, and thy bush.

Ste. Come, swear to that: kiss the book: I will furnish it anon with new contents: swear.

Trin. By this good light, this is a very shallow monster:-I afeard of him?-a very weak monster:-The man i' the moon?-a most poor credulous monster:-Well drawn, monster, in good sooth.

Cal. I'll shew thee every fertile inch o' the island;

And I will kiss thy foot: I pr'ythee, be my god. Trin. By this light, a most perfidious and drunken monster; when his god's asleep, he'll rob

his bottle.

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Nor scrape trenchering, nor wash dish;
'Ban 'Ban, Ca-Caliban,

Has a new master-Get a new man.

Freedom, hey-day! hey-day, freedom! hey-day, freedom!

Ste. O brave monster! lead the way. [Exeunt.

1 The Indians of the Island of S. Salvador asked by signs whether Columbus and his companions were not come down from heaven.

DINAND, bearing a Log.

Fer. There be some sports are painful; and1

their labour

Delight in them sets off: some kinds of basen ess
Are nobly undergone; and most poor matters
Point to rich ends. This my mean task
Would be as heavy to me, as odious; but
The mistress, which I serve, quickens what's dead,
And makes my labours pleasures: O, she is
Ten times more gentle than her father's crabbed;
And he's composed of harshness. I must remove
Some thousands of these logs, and pile them up,
Upon a sore injunction: My sweet mistress
Weeps when she sees me work; and says, suca
baseness

Had ne'er like executor. I forget:
But these sweet thoughts do even refresh my la-
bours;

Most busy-less, when I do it.

Enter MIRANDA; and PROSPERO at a distance. Mira. Alas, now! pray you, Work not so hard: I would, the lightning had Burnt up those logs, that you are enjoin'd to pile! Twill weep for having wearied you: My father Pray, set it down, and rest you: when this burns, Is hard at study; pray now, rest yourself; He's safe for these three hours.

Fer. O most dear mistress, The sun will set, before I shall discharge What I must strive to do.

Mira.

If you'll sit down, I'll bear your logs the while: Pray, give me that; I'll carry it to the pile.

Fer.

I'd rather crack my sinews, break my back,
No, precious creature;
While I sit lazy by.
Than you should such dishonour undergo,
It would become me
As well as it does you: and I should do it
With much more ease; for my good will is to it,
And your's it is against.

Mira.

Pro.

This visitation shews it.
Poor worm! thou art infected;

Mira.

You look wearily. Fer. No, noble mistress; 'tis fresh morning with

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of

So, in Macbeth:

"The labour we delight in physics pain." 6" Tu mihi curarum requies, tu nocte vel atra Lumen." Tibull. lib. iv. el. 13. 8 See Note 37, p. 31.

7 See Note 27, p. 26.

9 In the first book of Sidney's Arcadia, a lover says

his mistress:

"She is herself of best things the collection."

2 The reader may consult a curious note on this pas sage in Mr. Douce's very interesting Illustrations of Shakspeare; where it is observed that Dante makes Cain the man in the moon with his bundle of sticks; or A other words describes the moon by the periphrasis In the third book there is a fable which may have been Caino e le spine"

in Shakspeare's mind.

Mira I do not know One of my sex; LO woman's face remember, Save, from my glass, mine own; nor have I seen More that I may call men, than you, good friend, And my dear father: how features are abroad, I am skill-less of; but, by my modesty, (The jewel in my dower,) I would not wish Any companion in the world but you; Nor can imagination form a shape, Besides yourself, to like of: but I prattle Something too wildly, and my father's precepts I therein do forget.

Fer.

I am, in my condition,

A prince, Miranda; I do think, a king;

(I would, not so!) and would no more endure This wooden slavery, than to suffer

The flesh-fly blow my mouth.Hear my soul speak ;

The very instant that I saw you, did

My heart fly to your service; there resides,
To make me slave to it; and, for your sake,
Am I this patient log-man.

Mira.

Do you love me?

Fer. O heaven, O earth, bear witness to this sound,

And crown what I profess with kind event,
If I speak true; if hollowly, invert
What best is boded me to mischief! I,
Beyond all limit of what else' i' the world,
Do love, prize, honour you.
Mira.

To weep at what I am glad of.
Pro.

I am a fool,

Fair encounter
Of two most rare affections! Heavens rain grace
On that which breeds between them!
Fer.
Wherefore weep you?
Mira. At mine unworthiness, that dare not
offer

What I desire to give; and much less take,
What I shall die to want: But this is trifling;
And all the more it seeks to hide itself,

The bigger bulk it shows. Hence, bashful cunning!
And prompt me, plain and holy innocence!
I am your wife, if you will marry me ;

If not, I'll die your maid: to be your fellow
You may deny me; but I'll be your servant,
Whether you will or no.

Fer.

And I thus humble ever. Mira.

My mistress, dearest,

My husband then? Fer. Ay, with a heart as willing As bondage e'er of freedom: here's my hand. Mira. And mine, with my heart in't: and now farewell,

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Ste. Drink, servant-monster, when I bid thee; thy eyes are almost set in thy head.

Trin. Where should they be set else? he were a brave monster indeed, if they were set in his tail. Ste. My man-monster hath drowned his tongue in sack for my part, the sea cannot drown me: I swam, ere I could recover the shore, five-andthirty leagues, off and on, by this light.-Thou shalt be my lieutenant, monster, or my standard. Trin. Your lieutenant, if you list; he's no

standard.

Ste. We'll not run, monsieur monster.

Trin. Nor go neither: but you'll lie, like dogs, and yet say nothing neither.

Ste. Moon-cal', speak once in thy life, if thou beest a good moon-calf.

Cal. How does thy honour? Let me lick thy shoe: I'll not serve him, he is not valiant.

Trin. Thou liest, most ignorant monster; I am in case to justle a constable: Why, thou deboshed fish thou, was there ever man a coward, that hath drunk so much sack as I to-day? Wilt thou tell a monstrous lie, being but half a fish, and half a monster?

Cal. Lo, how he mocks me! wilt thou let him, my lord?

Trin. Lord, quoth he !—that a monster should be such a natural!

Cal. Lo, lo, again! bite him to death, I pr'ythee. Ste. Trinculo, keep a good tongue in your head; if you prove a mutineer, the next tree-The poor monster's my subject, and he shall not suffer indignity.

Cal. I thank my noble lord. Wilt thou be pleas'd to hearken once again to the suit I made thee?

Ste. Marry will I kneel, and repeat it; I will stand, and so shall Trinculo.

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Cal. I say, by sorcery he got this isle : From me he got it. If thy greatness will Revenge it on him-for, I know, thou dar'st; But this thing dare not.

Ste. That's most certain.

Cal. Thou shalt be lord of it, and I'll serve thee. Ste. How now shall this be compassed? Canst thou bring me to the party?

Cal. Yea, yea, my lord; I'll yield hin theo asleep, Where thou may'st knock a nail into his head. Ari. Thou liest, thou canst not.

Cal. What a pied' ninny's this? Thou scurvy

patch!

I do beseech thy greatness, give him blows,
And take his bottle from him: when that's gone,
He shall drink nought but brine; for I'll not shew
Where the quick freshes are.

him

Ste. Trinculo, run into no further danger: in

apposite passage from Catullus; but, as Mr. Douce remarks, Shakspeare had more probably the pathetic old poem of The Nut Brown Maid in his recollection.

4 Deboshed, this is the old orthography of debauched; following the sound of the French original. In altering the spelling we have departed from the proper pronunciation of the word.

5 He calls him a pied nunny, alluding to Trinculo's party-coloured dress, he was a licensed fool or jester 6 Quick freshes are living springs.

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Ste. If thou beest a man, shew thyself in thy likeness: if thou beest a devil, take't as thou list. Trin. O, forgive me my sins!

Ste. He that dies, pays all debts: I defy thee.-. Mercy upon us!

Cal. Art thou afeard ?3

Ste. No, monster, not I.

Cal. Be not afeard; the isle is full of noises, Sounds, and sweet airs, that give delight, and hurt

not.

Sometimes a thousand twangling instruments on-Will hum about mine ears; and sometimes voices, That, I then had wak'd after long sleep,

Pr'ythee

Cal. Beat him enough: after a little time,

Ill beat him too. Ste.

Stand further.-Come, proceed.

Cal. Why, as I told thee, 'tis a custom with him 'the afternoon to sleep: there thou may'st brain

him,

Having first seiz'd his books; or with a log
Batter his skull, or paunch him with a stake,
Or cut his wezand' with thy knife; Remember,
First to possess his books; for without them
He's but a sot, as I am, nor hath not
One spirit to command: They all do hate him,
As rootedly as I: Burn but his books;
He has brave utensils, (for so he calls them,)
Which, when he has a house, he'll deck withal.
And that most deeply to consider, is
The beauty of his daughter; he himself
Calls her a non-pareil: I never saw a woman,
But only Sycorax my dam, and she;
But she as far surpasseth Sycorax,
As great'st does least.

Will make me sleep again: and then, in reaming,
Tas cloads, methought, would open, ar shew riches
Read to drop upon me; that, when I wak'd,
I cry'd & dream again.

Ste. This will prove a brave kingdom to me,
where I shall have ay nasic for nothing.
Cal. When Proper is destroyed.

Ste. That shall be by and by: I remember the story.

Trin. The sound is going away: let's follow", and after, do our work.

Ste. Lead, monster; wo" "ow-I would, J could see this taborer: he lays in. Trin. Wilt come? I'll follow, Stephano. [Exeuni

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Gon. By'r lakin, I can go no further, sit; My old bones ache; here's a maze trod, indeed Through forth-rights, and meanders! by your pe tience, I needs must rest me. Alon. Old lord, I cannot blame thee, Who am myself attach'd with weariness, Cal. Ay, my lord; she will become thy bed, I To the dulling of my spirits: sit down, and rest.

Ste.

warrant,

Is it so brave a lass?

And bring thee forth brave brood.

Ste. Monster, I will kill this man: his daughter and I will be king and queen: (save our graces!) 2nd Trinculo and thyself shall be viceroys:-Dosi thou like the plot, Trinculo?

Trin. Excellent.

Ste. Give me thy hand; I am sorry I beat thee: but, while thou livest, keep a good tongue in thy head.

Cal. Within this half hour will he be asleep; Wilt thou destroy him then?

Ay, on mine honour.

Ste.
Ari. This will I tell my master.
Cal. Thou mak'st me merry: I am full of plea-

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Cal. That's not the tune.

[ARIEL plays the tune on a tabor and pipe.

Ste. What is this same? Trin. This is the tune of our catch, played by the picture of No-body.

1 Wezand, i. e. throat or windpipe.

2 The picture of No-body was a common sign. There is also a wood cut prefixed to an old play of No-body and Some-body, which represents this notable person. 3 To affear, is an obsolete verb with the same meaning as to affray, or make afraid.

4 "You shall heare in the ayre the sound of tabers and other instruments, to put the travellers in feare, &c. by evil spirites that make these soundes, and also do call diuerse of the travellers by their names, &c."Trauels of Marcus Paulus, by John Frampton, 4to. 1579. To some of these circumstances Milton also alludes.

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Seb.

I say, to-night: no more. Solemn and strange music; and PROSPERO above, invisible. Enter several strange Shapes, bringing in a Banquet; they dance about it with gentle actions of salutation; and inviting the King, &c. to eat, they depart.

Alon. What harmony is this? my good friends, hark!

Gon. Marvellous sweet music!

Alon. Give us kind keepers, heavens! What
were these?

That there are unicorns; that, in Arabia
Seb. A living drollery: Now I will believe
There is one tree, the phoenix' throne; one
phoenix

At this hour reigning there.

-calling shapes, and beckoning shadows dire ; And aery tongues that syllable men's names On sands, and shores, and desert wildernesses." 5 By'r lakin is a contraction of By our ladykin, the diminutive of our lady.

6 Shows, called Drolleries, were in Shakspeare's time performed by puppets only. From these our mo dern drolls, exhibited at fairs, &c. took their name. "A living drollery," is therefore a drollery Lot by wooden but by living personages.

7 "I myself have heard strange thir gs of this kind of tree; namely, in regard of the Bird Phoenix, which is supposed to have taken that name of this date tree

.Int. I'll believe both; And what does else want credit, come to me, And I'll be sworn 'tis true: Travelers ne'er did lie, Though fools at home condemn them. Gon. If in Naples I should report this now, would they believe me? If I should say I saw such islanders, (For, certes, these are people of the island,) Who, though they are of monstrous shape, yet note, Their manners are more gentle, kind, than of Our human generation you shall find Many, nay, almost any.

Pro.

Honest lord,

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Fran. They vanish'd strangely.
Seb.
No matter, since
They have left their viands behind; for we have
stomachs.-

Will't please you taste of what is here?
Alon.

Not I.

Gon. Faith, sir, you need not fear: When we were boys,

Who would believe that there were mountaineers, Dew-lapp'd like bulls, whose throats had hanging at them

Wallets of flesh? or that there were such men, Whose heads stood in their breasts? which now we find,

Each putter-out on five for one, will bring us
Good warrant of.

Alon.
I will stand too, and feed,
Although my last: no matter, since I feel
The best is past:-Brother, my lord the duke,
Stand too, and do as we.

Thunder and lightning. Enter ARIEL like a Harpy; clops his wings upon the table, and, by quaint device, the Banquet vanishes.

Ari. You are three men of sin, whom destiny, (That hath to instrument this lower world, And what is in't,) the never-surfeited sea Hath caused to belch up; and on this island Where man doth not inhabit; you 'mongst men Being most unfit to live. I have made you mad:

[Seeing ALON. SEB. &c. draw their swords. And even with such like valour, men hang and drown

Their proper selves. You fools! I and my fellows Are ministers of fate; the elements

Of whom your swords are temper'd, may as well Wound the loud winds, or with bemock'd-at stabs Kill the still-closing waters, as diminish

(called in Greek dow) for it was assured unto me, that the said bird died with that tree, and revived of itselfe as the tree sprung againe."-Holland's Translation of Pliny, B. xiii. C. 4.

1 Certainly.

2 Wonder.

3" Praise in departing," is a proverbial phrase signifying, Do not praise your entertainment too soon, lest you should have reason to retract your commendation.

4. Each putter-out on five for one," i. e. each traveller; it appears to have been the custom to place out a sum of money upon going abroad to be returned with enormous interest if the party returned safe; a kind of insurance of a gambling nature.

5 Bailey, in his dictionary, says that dowle is a feather, or rather the single particles of the down. Coles, in his Latin Dictionary, 1679, interprets young dowle by Lanugo. And in a history of most Manual Arts, 1661, wool and dowle are treated as synonymous. Tooke contends that this word and others of the same form are nothing more than the past participle of deal; and Junius and Skinner both derive it from the same. I fully Delieve that Tooke is right; the provincial word dool

One dowles that's in my plume; my fellow min

isters

Are like invulnerable: if you could hurt,
Your swords are now too massy for your strengths,
And will not be uplifted; But, remember,
(For that's my business to you,) that
you three
From Milan did supplant good Prospero;
Expos'd unto the sea, which hath requit it,
Him, and his innocent child: for which foul deed
The powers, delaying, not forgetting, have
Incens'd the seas and shores, yea all the creatures,
Against your peace: Thee, of thy son, Alonso,
They have bereft; and do pronounce by me,
Lingering perdition (worse than any death
Can be at once,) shall step by step attend
You, and your ways; whose wraths to guard you

from

(Which here, in this most desolate isle, else falls Upon your heads,) is nothing, but heart's sorrow, And a clear life ensuing.

He vanishes in Thunder: then, to soft music, enter the Shapes again, and dance with mops and mowes, and carry out the table.

Pro. [Aside.] Bravely the figure of this harpy hast thou

Perform'd, my Ariel; a grace it had, devouring:
In what thou hadst to say: so, with good life,"
Of my instruction hast thou nothing 'bated,
Their several kinds have done: my high charms
And observation strange, my meaner ministers

work,

And these, mine enemies, are all knit up
In their distractions: they now are in my power;
And in these fits I leave them, whilst I visit
Young Ferdinand, (whom they suppose is drown'd)
And his and my lov'd darling.

[Exit PROSPERO from above. Gon. I' the name of something holy, sir, why stand you In this strange stare?

Alon.
O, it is monstrous! monstrous
The winds did sing it to me; and the thunder,
Methought, the billows spoke, and told me of it;
That deep and dreadful organ-pipe, pronounc'd
The name of Prosper; it did bass my trespass.
Therefore my son i' the ooze is bedded; and
I'll seek him deeper than e'er plummet sounded,
And with him there lie mudded.
Seb.

I'll fight their legions o'er.
Ant.

[Ex. But one fiend at a time,

I'll be thy second. [Exeunt SEB. and ANT. Gon. All three of them are desperate; their great

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is a portion of unploughed land left in a field; Coles, in his English Dictionary, 1701, has given doict as a cant word, and interprets it deal. I must refer the read. er to the Diversions of Purley for further proof. 6 A clear life; is a pure, blameless, life.

7 With good life, i. e. with the full bent and energy of mind. Mr. Henley says that the expression is still in use in the west of England.

8 The natives of Africa have been supposed to be possessed of the secret how to temper poisons with such art as not to operate till several years after they were administered. Their drugs were then as certain in their effect as subtle in their preparation.

9 Shakspeare uses ecstasy for any temporary aliena. tion of mind, a fit, or madness. Minsheu's definition of this word will serve to explain its meaning wherever it "Extasie or occurs throughout the following pages. trance; G. extase; Lat. extasis, abstractio mentis. Est proprie mentis emotio,et quasi ex statione sua deturbatio seu furore, eu admiratione, seu timore, aliove casu decidat." Guide to the Tongues, 1617

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